Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants

Jean-François Bertholon; Marie-Hélène Becquemin; Monique Roy; Francis Roy; David Ledur; Isabella Annesi-Maesano; Bertrand Dautzenberg

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11

Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants

Jean-François Bertholon, Marie-Hélène Becquemin, Monique Roy, Francis Roy, David Ledur, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Bertrand Dautzenberg

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 4 November 2014 Accepted: 25 November 2014 Published: 7 December 2015

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Abstract

Air fresheners are very popular and their aerosols contain components known to be toxic but we lack data on their penetration in the lungs which is dependent on their particle sizes. Thus we measured the particles sizes of various indoor deodorants and/or perfumes and derived an estimation of their regional deposition in the lungs. We used an Electronical Low Pressure Impactor which can separate aerodynamic diameters as low as 0.006 (6 nm) and as high as 10 µm. For all of our samples, 82 to 99% of the total number of particles have sizes of less than 0.3 µm and are thus susceptible to penetrate up to the smallest bronchi and alveoli: for a nose-breathing adult the probability of deposition in the airways of an aerosol with a MMAD of 0.2 µm is of 30% of the inhaled quantity, of which 15 % in alveoli and 3% in the bronchi according to the ICRP model. These results suggest a deposition in the deep lung and thus a potential for diffusion into the blood for most of the tested products.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11
Page(s)	377-381
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Air Fresheners, Deodorizers, Vapors, Fumes, Airways Deposition, Indoor Pollution

References

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[2]	J.J Jetter, Z. Guo, J.A. McBrian and M.R. Flynn. ‘Characterization of emissions from burning incense.’ Science of the Total Environment. 2002, 295, 51–67.
[3]	A. Renoux. and D. Boulaud, ‘Les aérosols. Physique et métrologie’ Lavoisier Tech et Docs. 1998.
[4]	US Environmental Protection Agency.US 2004 EPA Air Quality Guidelines. http://airnow.gov
[5]	International Commission on Radiation Protection. Publication 66,.Pergamon Press, 1994 24, 1-3. 482.
[6]	J.P. Zock, E. Plana, D. Jarvis., J.M. Antó, H. Kromhout, S.M. Kennedy et al. ‘The Use of household cleaning sprays and adult asthma. An international longitudinal study.’ Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007, 8,735-741.
[7]	M. Lazaridis, V. Aleksandropoulou and J. Smolik, ‘Physico-chemical characterization of indoor/oudoor particulate matter in two residential houses in Oslo, Norway: measurements overview and physical properties.’ Indoor Air, 2006, 16,282-295.
[8]	Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks 2006 ‘Opinion on the report “Emission of chemicals by air fresheners. Tests on 74 consumer products sold in Europe.’ January 2005”. http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scher/docs/scher_o_026.pdf
[9]	Natural Resources Defense Council. 2007 http://www.nrdc.org/health/home/airfresheners/fairfresheners.pdf
[10]	F. Maupetit, and F. Squinazi. ‘Caractérisation des émissions de benzène et de formaldéhyde lors de la combustion d’encens et de bougies d’intérieur: élaboration de scénarios d’exposition et conseils d’utilisation.’ Environnement, Risques & Santé, 2009, 8, 109-118.
[11]	P.M. Fine, G.R. Cass and B.R.T. Simoneit. ‘Characterization of fine particle emissions from burning church candles.’ Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33, 2352–2362.
[12]	A. Afsari, U. Matson and L.E. Ekberg. ‘Characterization of indoor sources of fine and ultrafine particles: a study conducted in a full-scale chamber.’ Indoor Air, 2005, 15, 141-150.
[13]	M.H. Becquemin, J.F. Bertholon, M. Attoui, F. Roy, M. Roy and B. Dautzenberg. ‘Particle sizes in the smoke produced by six different types of cigarettes.’ Rev. Mal. Respir, 2007, 24, 845-852.
[14]	M.H. Becquemin, J.F. Bertholon, M. Attoui, F. Roy, M. Roy and B. Dautzenberg. ‘Particle sizes in water pipe smoke.’ Rev. Mal. Respir, 2008, 25, 839-846.
[15]	J.F. Bertholon, M.H. Becquemin, M. Roy, F. Roy, I. Annesi Maesano and B. Dautzenberg. ‘Comparaison de l’aérosol de la cigarette électronique à celui des cigarettes ordinaires et de la chicha.’ Rev. Mal. Respir. 2013, Doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2013.03.003.
[16]	A. Bouchikhi, M.H. Becquemin, J. Bignon, M. Roy and A. Teillac, ‘Particle size study of nine metered dose inhalers and their deposition probablilities in the airways.’ Eur. Resp. J. 1988, 1, 547-552.

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APA Style

Jean-François Bertholon, Marie-Hélène Becquemin, Monique Roy, Francis Roy, David Ledur, et al. (2015). Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(6), 377-381. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11

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ACS Style

Jean-François Bertholon; Marie-Hélène Becquemin; Monique Roy; Francis Roy; David Ledur, et al. Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(6), 377-381. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11

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AMA Style

Jean-François Bertholon, Marie-Hélène Becquemin, Monique Roy, Francis Roy, David Ledur, et al. Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(6):377-381. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11,
  author = {Jean-François Bertholon and Marie-Hélène Becquemin and Monique Roy and Francis Roy and David Ledur and Isabella Annesi-Maesano and Bertrand Dautzenberg},
  title = {Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {377-381},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150306.11},
  abstract = {Air fresheners are very popular and their aerosols contain components known to be toxic but we lack data on their penetration in the lungs which is dependent on their particle sizes. Thus we measured the particles sizes of various indoor deodorants and/or perfumes and derived an estimation of their regional deposition in the lungs. We used an Electronical Low Pressure Impactor which can separate aerodynamic diameters as low as 0.006 (6 nm) and as high as 10 µm. For all of our samples, 82 to 99% of the total number of particles have sizes of less than 0.3 µm and are thus susceptible to penetrate up to the smallest bronchi and alveoli: for a nose-breathing adult the probability of deposition in the airways of an aerosol with a MMAD of 0.2 µm is of 30% of the inhaled quantity, of which 15 % in alveoli and 3% in the bronchi according to the ICRP model. These results suggest a deposition in the deep lung and thus a potential for diffusion into the blood for most of the tested products.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants
AU  - Jean-François Bertholon
AU  - Marie-Hélène Becquemin
AU  - Monique Roy
AU  - Francis Roy
AU  - David Ledur
AU  - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
AU  - Bertrand Dautzenberg
Y1  - 2015/12/07
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 377
EP  - 381
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11
AB  - Air fresheners are very popular and their aerosols contain components known to be toxic but we lack data on their penetration in the lungs which is dependent on their particle sizes. Thus we measured the particles sizes of various indoor deodorants and/or perfumes and derived an estimation of their regional deposition in the lungs. We used an Electronical Low Pressure Impactor which can separate aerodynamic diameters as low as 0.006 (6 nm) and as high as 10 µm. For all of our samples, 82 to 99% of the total number of particles have sizes of less than 0.3 µm and are thus susceptible to penetrate up to the smallest bronchi and alveoli: for a nose-breathing adult the probability of deposition in the airways of an aerosol with a MMAD of 0.2 µm is of 30% of the inhaled quantity, of which 15 % in alveoli and 3% in the bronchi according to the ICRP model. These results suggest a deposition in the deep lung and thus a potential for diffusion into the blood for most of the tested products.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Jean-François Bertholon
Marie-Hélène Becquemin

Aerosols Particle Sizing and Lung Deposition Laboratory, Pulmonary Function Department, Paris, France; Paris Diderot, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
Monique Roy

Aerosols Particle Sizing and Lung Deposition Laboratory, Pulmonary Function Department, Paris, France
Francis Roy

SureDyna Montrouge, Paris, France
David Ledur

Ecomesure, Janvry, Paris, France
Isabella Annesi-Maesano

Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France; Medical School, Sorbonnes Universités, Paris, France
Bertrand Dautzenberg

Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France; Pneumology Department, Assistance Publique H?pitaux de Paris, Paris, France

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APA Style

Jean-François Bertholon, Marie-Hélène Becquemin, Monique Roy, Francis Roy, David Ledur, et al. (2015). Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(6), 377-381. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11

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ACS Style

Jean-François Bertholon; Marie-Hélène Becquemin; Monique Roy; Francis Roy; David Ledur, et al. Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(6), 377-381. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11

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AMA Style

Jean-François Bertholon, Marie-Hélène Becquemin, Monique Roy, Francis Roy, David Ledur, et al. Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(6):377-381. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11,
  author = {Jean-François Bertholon and Marie-Hélène Becquemin and Monique Roy and Francis Roy and David Ledur and Isabella Annesi-Maesano and Bertrand Dautzenberg},
  title = {Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {377-381},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150306.11},
  abstract = {Air fresheners are very popular and their aerosols contain components known to be toxic but we lack data on their penetration in the lungs which is dependent on their particle sizes. Thus we measured the particles sizes of various indoor deodorants and/or perfumes and derived an estimation of their regional deposition in the lungs. We used an Electronical Low Pressure Impactor which can separate aerodynamic diameters as low as 0.006 (6 nm) and as high as 10 µm. For all of our samples, 82 to 99% of the total number of particles have sizes of less than 0.3 µm and are thus susceptible to penetrate up to the smallest bronchi and alveoli: for a nose-breathing adult the probability of deposition in the airways of an aerosol with a MMAD of 0.2 µm is of 30% of the inhaled quantity, of which 15 % in alveoli and 3% in the bronchi according to the ICRP model. These results suggest a deposition in the deep lung and thus a potential for diffusion into the blood for most of the tested products.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Particle Sizes of Aerosols Produced by Nine Indoor Perfumes and Deodorants
AU  - Jean-François Bertholon
AU  - Marie-Hélène Becquemin
AU  - Monique Roy
AU  - Francis Roy
AU  - David Ledur
AU  - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
AU  - Bertrand Dautzenberg
Y1  - 2015/12/07
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 377
EP  - 381
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.11
AB  - Air fresheners are very popular and their aerosols contain components known to be toxic but we lack data on their penetration in the lungs which is dependent on their particle sizes. Thus we measured the particles sizes of various indoor deodorants and/or perfumes and derived an estimation of their regional deposition in the lungs. We used an Electronical Low Pressure Impactor which can separate aerodynamic diameters as low as 0.006 (6 nm) and as high as 10 µm. For all of our samples, 82 to 99% of the total number of particles have sizes of less than 0.3 µm and are thus susceptible to penetrate up to the smallest bronchi and alveoli: for a nose-breathing adult the probability of deposition in the airways of an aerosol with a MMAD of 0.2 µm is of 30% of the inhaled quantity, of which 15 % in alveoli and 3% in the bronchi according to the ICRP model. These results suggest a deposition in the deep lung and thus a potential for diffusion into the blood for most of the tested products.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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