International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis

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The Challenge of Oil Spill Monitoring and Control in Nigeria

Received: 26 November 2020    Accepted: 11 December 2020    Published: 28 December 2020
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Abstract

Oil has been a fundamental enabler of development. Be this as it may, the emergence of the green environment movement, catalyzed by the challenge of climate change, has called into question the significance of crude oil as a source of energy. This has necessitated the need to manage the environmental impact of oil. One area needing attention is oil spill monitoring and control. Several technological systems have been developed in order to monitor and subsequently control oil spills. These include acoustic emission sensoring, infrared sensoring, fibre optic sensoring, satellite remote sensoring and remotely-piloted aircrafts. Nigeria, where oil spill is a major challenge, requires an effective management of oil spills. In realization of this, regulatory agencies such as National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency and detailed guidelines for effective oil spill monitoring and control have emerged. Be this as it may, weak regulation by government agencies has been exploited by oil companies and communities; resulting in frequent oil spills, large quantities of spilled oil, extensiveness of polluted areas and persistence of the impact of spilled oil. Oil spills occur frequently. For instance, there were 5,848 incidents resulting in the spillage of about 169,691 barrels of oil between 2010 and 2018. Spills occur in all parts of the oil producing region, the Niger Delta; resulting in its being commonly described as the most polluted area of the planet. The impact of spills is usually enduring because many spill sites are either not cleaned or cleaned ineffectively. Effective regulation and a more environment-friendly oil spill monitoring and control through technological applications are necessary.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijema.20200806.14
Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2020)
Page(s) 202-207
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Oil Spills, Spill Monitoring, Spill Control, Challenge of Spill Management, Nigeria

References
[1] Pelly, J. (2001) Will Drilling for Oil Disrupt the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge? Environmental Science and Technology, 240A-247A.
[2] Adegboye, M. A., Fung, W. & Karnik, A. (2019) Recent Advance in Pipeline Monitoring and Oil Leakage Detection Technologies: Principles and Approaches. www.preprints.org.
[3] Ning, J. L. et al (2018) Analysis of Marine Oil Spill Pollution Monitoring Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Technology. Materials Science and Engineering. 392; 042045.
[4] Urbahs, A. & Zavtkevics, V. (2019) Oil Spill Remote Monitoring By Using Remotely Piloted Aircraft. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 91: 648-653.
[5] Urbahs, A. & Zavtkevics, V. (2020) Oil Spill Detection Using Multi Remote Piloted Aircraft for the Environmental Monitoring of Sea Aquatorium. Environmental and Climate Technologies 24: 1-22.
[6] Barenboim, G. M. et al. (2015) New Problems and Opportunities of Oil Spill Monitoring Systems. Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences. 366: 64-74.
[7] Eljabri, A. & Gallagher, C. (2013) Developing Integrated Remote Sensing and GIS Procedures for Oil Spill Monitoring on the Libyan Coast. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment; 169, www.witpress.com.
[8] Harahsheh, H. A. (2016) Oil Spill Detection and Monitoring of Abu Dhabi Coastal Zone Using KOMPSAT-5 SAR Imaginery. International Archives of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Information Sciences XLI-B8.
[9] Jorgensen, K. S. et al. (2019) The EU Horizon 2020 Project GRACE: Integrated Oil Spill Response Actions and Environmental Effects. Environmental Science Europe, 31: 44.
[10] Federal Republic of Nigeria (2006) National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency (Establishment) Act 2006. Abuja.
[11] Federal Republic of Nigeria (2010) National Oil Spill Contingency Plan for Nigeria. Abuja.
[12] Department of Petroleum Resource (2002) Environmental Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum Industry in Nigeria, 1991 (as revised). Abuja.
[13] UNEP (2011) Environmental Assessment of Ogoniland Nairobi, UNEP.
[14] Amnesty International (2013) Bad Information: Oil Spill Investigations in the Niger Delta. London.
[15] Amnesty International (2018) Negligence in the Niger Delta: Decoding Shell and ENI’s Poor Record on Oil Spills London.
[16] Human Rights Watch (1999) The Price of Oil. New York.
[17] UNDP (2006) Niger Delta Human Development Report. Abuja.
[18] Francis, P., Lapin, D. & Rossiasco, P. (2011) Securing Development and Peace in the Niger Delta: A Social and Conflict Analysis for Change. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington DC.
[19] Watts, M. & Zalik, A. (2020) Consistently Unreliable: Oil Spill Data and Transparency Discourse. The Extractive Industries and Society 7: 790-795.
[20] Olawuyi, D. S. & Tubodenyefa, Z. (2018) Review of the Environmental Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum Industry in Nigeria (EGASPIN). OGEES Institute, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
[21] Ikporukpo, C. O. (1995) Patterns and Implications of Ruralists Awareness of Environmental Policies and Laws: A Study in Nigeria’s Oil Producing Region. Ibadan, NEST/ Ford Foundation Research Project.
Author Information
  • Department of Geography, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

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    Chris Ikporukpo. (2020). The Challenge of Oil Spill Monitoring and Control in Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 8(6), 202-207. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20200806.14

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    Chris Ikporukpo. The Challenge of Oil Spill Monitoring and Control in Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2020, 8(6), 202-207. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20200806.14

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    AMA Style

    Chris Ikporukpo. The Challenge of Oil Spill Monitoring and Control in Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2020;8(6):202-207. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20200806.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijema.20200806.14,
      author = {Chris Ikporukpo},
      title = {The Challenge of Oil Spill Monitoring and Control in Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
      volume = {8},
      number = {6},
      pages = {202-207},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20200806.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20200806.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20200806.14},
      abstract = {Oil has been a fundamental enabler of development. Be this as it may, the emergence of the green environment movement, catalyzed by the challenge of climate change, has called into question the significance of crude oil as a source of energy. This has necessitated the need to manage the environmental impact of oil. One area needing attention is oil spill monitoring and control. Several technological systems have been developed in order to monitor and subsequently control oil spills. These include acoustic emission sensoring, infrared sensoring, fibre optic sensoring, satellite remote sensoring and remotely-piloted aircrafts. Nigeria, where oil spill is a major challenge, requires an effective management of oil spills. In realization of this, regulatory agencies such as National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency and detailed guidelines for effective oil spill monitoring and control have emerged. Be this as it may, weak regulation by government agencies has been exploited by oil companies and communities; resulting in frequent oil spills, large quantities of spilled oil, extensiveness of polluted areas and persistence of the impact of spilled oil. Oil spills occur frequently. For instance, there were 5,848 incidents resulting in the spillage of about 169,691 barrels of oil between 2010 and 2018. Spills occur in all parts of the oil producing region, the Niger Delta; resulting in its being commonly described as the most polluted area of the planet. The impact of spills is usually enduring because many spill sites are either not cleaned or cleaned ineffectively. Effective regulation and a more environment-friendly oil spill monitoring and control through technological applications are necessary.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    AB  - Oil has been a fundamental enabler of development. Be this as it may, the emergence of the green environment movement, catalyzed by the challenge of climate change, has called into question the significance of crude oil as a source of energy. This has necessitated the need to manage the environmental impact of oil. One area needing attention is oil spill monitoring and control. Several technological systems have been developed in order to monitor and subsequently control oil spills. These include acoustic emission sensoring, infrared sensoring, fibre optic sensoring, satellite remote sensoring and remotely-piloted aircrafts. Nigeria, where oil spill is a major challenge, requires an effective management of oil spills. In realization of this, regulatory agencies such as National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency and detailed guidelines for effective oil spill monitoring and control have emerged. Be this as it may, weak regulation by government agencies has been exploited by oil companies and communities; resulting in frequent oil spills, large quantities of spilled oil, extensiveness of polluted areas and persistence of the impact of spilled oil. Oil spills occur frequently. For instance, there were 5,848 incidents resulting in the spillage of about 169,691 barrels of oil between 2010 and 2018. Spills occur in all parts of the oil producing region, the Niger Delta; resulting in its being commonly described as the most polluted area of the planet. The impact of spills is usually enduring because many spill sites are either not cleaned or cleaned ineffectively. Effective regulation and a more environment-friendly oil spill monitoring and control through technological applications are necessary.
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