Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science

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Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal

Received: 02 October 2019    Accepted: 30 October 2019    Published: 09 November 2019
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Abstract

In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m3/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km2). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.

DOI 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2019)
Page(s) 94-107
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Kédougou Kéniéba Inlier, Crystalline Terrain, Groundwater Potential Delineation, Geographic Information Systems, Remote Sensing

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal

  • Institut of Earth Sciences, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Cheikh Anta DIOP University, Dakar, Senegal

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    Ibrahima Mall, Mahamadane Diène, Moctar Diaw, Papa Malick Ngom, Serigne Faye. (2019). Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 8(6), 94-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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    Ibrahima Mall; Mahamadane Diène; Moctar Diaw; Papa Malick Ngom; Serigne Faye. Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2019, 8(6), 94-107. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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    AMA Style

    Ibrahima Mall, Mahamadane Diène, Moctar Diaw, Papa Malick Ngom, Serigne Faye. Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2019;8(6):94-107. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12,
      author = {Ibrahima Mall and Mahamadane Diène and Moctar Diaw and Papa Malick Ngom and Serigne Faye},
      title = {Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal},
      journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
      volume = {8},
      number = {6},
      pages = {94-107},
      doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20190806.12},
      abstract = {In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m3/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km2). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Combination of Structural Data and GIS Tools in the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Crystalline Terrain: The Case of Southeastern Senegal
    AU  - Ibrahima Mall
    AU  - Mahamadane Diène
    AU  - Moctar Diaw
    AU  - Papa Malick Ngom
    AU  - Serigne Faye
    Y1  - 2019/11/09
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
    T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
    JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
    JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
    SP  - 94
    EP  - 107
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7993
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20190806.12
    AB  - In some West African regions, the craton is made by birimian formations that constitute the basement in these areas. In Senegal, the Kédougou Kéniéba inlier is characterized by the presence of fractured aquifers, thus constituting a problem of availability and mobilization of groundwater resources in this zone. Evaluation of groundwater potentiality zone is studied by using Remote Sensing and GIS technics integrating eight thematic parameters (Rainfall, geology, lineaments, regolith thickness, and weathered thickness proximity of rivers). The weighted overlay technic is used and appropriate weight were evaluated by statistical approach with a linear regression model in order to determine and built influence percentage of groundwater storage related to each parameter. Results showed a map of five groundwater potential classes ranging from very good to very low potentiality. High groundwater potential areas are located in the southern part of the Sabodala mining area and contrast with the northern part where groundwater potential is low due to lower rainfall and rock types dominated by granite formations in most parts of the area. Very good potentials occupy about 5% of this study area. These areas are mainly located in the southern part of the Gambia River watershed between the isohyets 1250 to 1150mm and on the MTZ. Areas with good potential are mainly found on volcano-sedimentary formations, but they are more concentrated on the southern part of the Gambia watershed where interesting flows can be observed (8 to 20 m3/H). This result is in compliance with the flow rate data observed in this southern part. On the other hand, the moderate potentialities constitute the class which is found on all lithology types and represent 35.1% of the total surface of the study area (1280.6 Km2). However, the very low potentialities are only found in the northern part and occupy an area of 873.10 square kilometers corresponding to 10.5% of the total area of the area. These results confirm that in the northern part and the granitic terrains have weak potentialities and the risks to get a negative boreholes remain high at these zones. Results show that there is a good correlation between the good potential areas identified by the GIS and the areas with appreciable borehole yields and the tectonic basins.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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