International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy

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Experimental Analysis on Thermal Efficiency of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector by Using Nanofluids

Received: 22 October 2014    Accepted: 07 November 2014    Published: 24 November 2014
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Abstract

This research is to study performance of a evacuated tube solar collector when silver (Ag(30nm)) + distilled water and oxide titanium (ZrO2(50nm)) + distilled water nanofluids was taken as the working fluid. With higher thermal conductivity of the working fluid the solar collector performance could be enhanced compared with that of distilled water. The two types of nanoparticles are used to investigate at different concentration (i.e. 0, 1, 3 and 5 % vol), mass flow rate (30,60 and 90 lit/hr m2) and the based working fluid was distilled water. The effect of different nanoparticle concentrations of Ag and ZrO2 mixed with distilled water as base fluid was examined on solar collector efficiency for different mass flow rates (30, and 90 lit/hr m2). The area under the curve as an index was used for comparing the effects of mass flow rates and nanoparticle concentrations on the collector total efficiency. The experimental results indicated that the concentration at 1%vol showed insignificant results compared with distilled water. As well as The nanofluids (Ag + DW), at concentrations (1, and 5%vol) and mass flow rates (30, and 90 lit/hr m2), the thermal solar characteristics values of FR(τα), – F RUL were 0.488, 1.168 W/m2.k , 0.593 and 1.252 W/m2.k, while the nanofluid (ZrO2 + DW) 0.437,1.025 W/m2.k ,0.480 and 1.140 W/m2.k respectively. Whereas in the case of distilled water at mass flow rates 30 lit/hr m2 and 90 lit/hr m2 were 0.413,0.973 W/m2.k,0.442 and ,1.011 W/m2.k respectively. Moreover use of nanofluids (Ag(30nm) + + distilled water) and( ZrO2(50nm) + distilled water) as a working fluid could improve thermal performance of flat plate collector compared with distilled water, especially at high inlet temperature. The solar collector efficiency for nanofluid (Ag(30nm) + distilled water) was greater than nanofluid (ZrO2(50nm) + distilled water) due to small particle size for the silver compared with zirconium oxide as well as high thermal conductivity for silver. The type of nanofluid is a key factor for heat transfer enhancement, and improve performance of evacuated tube solar collector.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14
Published in International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 4, Issue 3-1, May 2015)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Solution for High Performance of Solar Energy System

Page(s) 19-28
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Evacuated Tube Solar Collector, Thermal Performance, Metal and Oxide Metal, Nanofluid

References
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[3] Hedayatizadeh, M., Ajabshirchi, Y., Sarhaddi, F., Safavinejad, A., Farahat, S., & Chaji, H. "Thermal and Electrical Assessment of an Integrated Solar Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) Water Collector Equipped with a Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC)". International Journal of Green Energy, 10(5), 494 – 522 ,2013.
[4] Kumar, R., & Rosen, M. A. "Integrated collector – storage solar water heater with extended storage unit". Applied Thermal Engineering, 31, 348 – 354 , 2011.
[5] Wongsuwan, W., & Kumar, S. "Forced circulation solar water heater performance prediction by TRNSYS and ANN". International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 24(2), 69 – 86 ,2005.
[6] Rezania, A., Taherian, H., & Ganji, D. D. "Experimental Investigation of a Natural Circulation Solar Domestic Water Heater Performance Under Standard Consumption Rate". International Journal of Green Energy, 9(4), 322 – 334, 2012.
[7] Koffi, P. M. E., Andoh, H. Y., Gbaha, P., Toure, S., & Ado, G. "Theoretical and experimental study of solar water heater with internal exchanger using thermo siphon system". Energy Conversion and Management, 49, 2279 – 2290 ,2008.
[8] Jaisankar, S., Radhakrishnan, T. K., & Sheeba, K. N. " Experimental studies on heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of thermosyphon solar water heater system fittedith spacer at the trailing edge of twisted tapes". Applied Thermal Engineering, 29, 1224 – 1231 ,2009a.
[9] Jaisankar, S., Radhakrishnan, T. K., & Sheeba, K. N. " Experimental studies on heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of forced circulation solar water heater system fitted with helical twisted tapes". Solar Energy, 83, 1943 – 1952 ,2009b.
[10] Alshamaileh, E. "Testing of a new solar coating for solar water heating applications. Solar Energy", 84,1637 – 1643, 2010.
[11] Kumar, R., & Rosen, M. A.. Thermal performance of Integrated collector-storage solar water heater with corrugated absorber surface. Applied Thermal Engineering, 30, 1764-1768,2010.
[12] Das, S. K., Choi, S. U. S., Yu, W., & Pradeep, T. "Nanofluid Science and Technology". John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication, 2007.
[13] Natarajan, E., & Sathish, R. "Role of nanofluids in solar water heater". The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,23,1876 – 8 ,2009.
[14] Tiwari, A., K. Pradyumna Ghosh, P., Sarkar, J. "Solar Water Heating Using Nanofluids –A Comprehensive Overview And Environmental Impact Analysis". International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 3(Special Issue 3), 221 – 224. . 2013.
[15] Otanicar, T., & Golden, J. "Comparative environmental and economic analysis of conventional and nanofluid solar hot water technologies". Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 6082e7,2009.
[16] Yousefi, T., Veysy, F., Shojaeizadeh, E., & Zinadini, S. An experimental investigation on the effect of Al2O3-H2O nanofluid on the efficiency of flat-plate solar collectors. Renewable Energy, 39, 293 – 298 ,2012a.
[17] Yousefi, T., Veysy, F., Shojaeizadeh, E., & Zinadini, S. "An experimental investigation on the effect of MWCNT – H2O nanofluid on the efficiency of flat – plate solar collectors". Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 39, 207 – 212, 2012b.
[18] Taylor, R. A., Phelan, P. E., Otanicar, T. P., Walker, C. A., Nguyen, M., Trimble, S., & Prasher, R. "Applicability of Nanofluids in High Flux Solar Collectors". Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 3(2), 023104,2011.
[19] Khanafer K, Vafai K, A Critical syntesis of thermophysical Characteristics of Nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass transfer(Under Press), 2011.
[20] Kumar, R., & Rosen, M. A.. Thermal performance of Integrated collector – storage solar water heater with corrugated absorber surface. Applied Thermal Engineering, 30, 1764 – 1768,2010.
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Author Information
  • Electromechanical. Eng. Dept, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

  • Elect. Eng. Dept, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

  • Electromechanical. Eng. Dept, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

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    Hashim A. Hussain, Qusay Jawad, Khalid F. Sultan. (2014). Experimental Analysis on Thermal Efficiency of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector by Using Nanofluids. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 4(3-1), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14

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    ACS Style

    Hashim A. Hussain; Qusay Jawad; Khalid F. Sultan. Experimental Analysis on Thermal Efficiency of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector by Using Nanofluids. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2014, 4(3-1), 19-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14

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    AMA Style

    Hashim A. Hussain, Qusay Jawad, Khalid F. Sultan. Experimental Analysis on Thermal Efficiency of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector by Using Nanofluids. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2014;4(3-1):19-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14,
      author = {Hashim A. Hussain and Qusay Jawad and Khalid F. Sultan},
      title = {Experimental Analysis on Thermal Efficiency of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector by Using Nanofluids},
      journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3-1},
      pages = {19-28},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14},
      abstract = {This research is to study performance of a evacuated tube solar collector when silver (Ag(30nm)) + distilled water and oxide titanium (ZrO2(50nm)) + distilled water nanofluids was taken as the working fluid. With higher thermal conductivity of the working fluid the solar collector performance could be enhanced compared with that of distilled water. The two types of nanoparticles are used to investigate at different concentration (i.e. 0, 1, 3 and 5 % vol), mass flow rate (30,60 and 90 lit/hr m2) and the based working fluid was distilled water. The effect of different nanoparticle concentrations of Ag and ZrO2 mixed with distilled water as base fluid was examined on solar collector efficiency for different mass flow rates (30, and 90 lit/hr m2). The area under the curve as an index was used for comparing the effects of mass flow rates and nanoparticle concentrations on the collector total efficiency. The experimental results indicated that the concentration at 1%vol showed insignificant results compared with distilled water. As well as The nanofluids (Ag + DW), at concentrations (1, and 5%vol) and mass flow rates (30, and 90 lit/hr m2), the  thermal solar characteristics values of FR(τα), – F RUL were 0.488, 1.168 W/m2.k , 0.593 and 1.252 W/m2.k, while the nanofluid (ZrO2 + DW) 0.437,1.025 W/m2.k ,0.480 and 1.140 W/m2.k respectively. Whereas in the case of distilled water at mass flow rates 30 lit/hr m2 and 90 lit/hr m2 were 0.413,0.973 W/m2.k,0.442 and ,1.011 W/m2.k respectively. Moreover use of nanofluids (Ag(30nm) + + distilled water) and( ZrO2(50nm) + distilled water) as a working fluid could improve thermal performance of flat plate collector compared with distilled water, especially at high inlet temperature. The solar collector efficiency for nanofluid (Ag(30nm) + distilled water) was greater than nanofluid (ZrO2(50nm) + distilled water)  due to  small particle size for the silver compared with zirconium oxide as well as high thermal conductivity for silver. The type of nanofluid is a key factor for heat transfer enhancement, and improve performance of evacuated tube solar collector.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Experimental Analysis on Thermal Efficiency of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector by Using Nanofluids
    AU  - Hashim A. Hussain
    AU  - Qusay Jawad
    AU  - Khalid F. Sultan
    Y1  - 2014/11/24
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14
    T2  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JF  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JO  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    SP  - 19
    EP  - 28
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1549
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040301.14
    AB  - This research is to study performance of a evacuated tube solar collector when silver (Ag(30nm)) + distilled water and oxide titanium (ZrO2(50nm)) + distilled water nanofluids was taken as the working fluid. With higher thermal conductivity of the working fluid the solar collector performance could be enhanced compared with that of distilled water. The two types of nanoparticles are used to investigate at different concentration (i.e. 0, 1, 3 and 5 % vol), mass flow rate (30,60 and 90 lit/hr m2) and the based working fluid was distilled water. The effect of different nanoparticle concentrations of Ag and ZrO2 mixed with distilled water as base fluid was examined on solar collector efficiency for different mass flow rates (30, and 90 lit/hr m2). The area under the curve as an index was used for comparing the effects of mass flow rates and nanoparticle concentrations on the collector total efficiency. The experimental results indicated that the concentration at 1%vol showed insignificant results compared with distilled water. As well as The nanofluids (Ag + DW), at concentrations (1, and 5%vol) and mass flow rates (30, and 90 lit/hr m2), the  thermal solar characteristics values of FR(τα), – F RUL were 0.488, 1.168 W/m2.k , 0.593 and 1.252 W/m2.k, while the nanofluid (ZrO2 + DW) 0.437,1.025 W/m2.k ,0.480 and 1.140 W/m2.k respectively. Whereas in the case of distilled water at mass flow rates 30 lit/hr m2 and 90 lit/hr m2 were 0.413,0.973 W/m2.k,0.442 and ,1.011 W/m2.k respectively. Moreover use of nanofluids (Ag(30nm) + + distilled water) and( ZrO2(50nm) + distilled water) as a working fluid could improve thermal performance of flat plate collector compared with distilled water, especially at high inlet temperature. The solar collector efficiency for nanofluid (Ag(30nm) + distilled water) was greater than nanofluid (ZrO2(50nm) + distilled water)  due to  small particle size for the silver compared with zirconium oxide as well as high thermal conductivity for silver. The type of nanofluid is a key factor for heat transfer enhancement, and improve performance of evacuated tube solar collector.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3-1
    ER  - 

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