International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy

| Peer-Reviewed |

Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters

Received: 13 December 2013    Accepted:     Published: 30 January 2014
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Vegetable oil reverse micelle microemulsions have been an alternative method of biodiesel production to eliminate and avoid transesterification as well as unpurified glycerol. Sorbitane fatty ester surfactants due to their high solubilization capacity forms microemulsions with oils and thus span based reverse micelle microemulsion systems have been studied. Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsions have been prepared using span 80 and 85 surfactants and optimized as biofuel, their phase behavior with physicochemical parameters: density, viscosity and surface tension were analyzed for formulation. The surface tension has been an important physicochemical parameter in addition to kinematic viscosity elucidating Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsion with span 80 than with span 85, as a better biofuel. Comparatively, a lower amount of span 80 than span 85 was utilized for microemulsion formulations and resulted viscosities were in close agreement with ASTM biodiesel standards. The microemulsification approach has been found a sustainable method for producing biofuels without chemical reactions and their fuel properties have been adjusted through variable formulations.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13
Published in International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2014)
Page(s) 13-19
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Microemulsion, Phase Behavior, Biofuel, Kinematic Viscosity, Surface Tension

References
[1] Goering CE, Schwab AW, Daugherty J, Pryde H, Heakin J. Fuel properties of eleven vegetable oils. Trans ASAE 1982; 25:1472–83.
[2] Pryor RW, Hanna MA, Schinstock JL, Bashford L. Soybean oil fuel in a small diesel engine. Trans ASAE 1982; 26:333–8.
[3] Demirbas A, Kara H. New options for conversion of vegetable oils to alternative fuels. Energy Sources 2006; 28:619–26.
[4] Backer LF, Jacobsen L, Olson JC. Farm-scale recovery and filtration characteristics of sunflower oil for use in diesel engines. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1983; 60:1558–60.
[5] Peterson CL, Auld DL, Korus RA. Winter rape oil fuel for diesel engines: recovery and utilization. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1983; 60:1579–87.
[6] Pryde EH. Vegetable oils as diesel fuels: overview. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1983; 60: 1557–8.
[7] Ryan TW, Dodge LG, Callahan TJ. The effects of vegetable oil properties on injection and combustion in two different diesel engines. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1984; 61:1610–9.
[8] Nitschke WR, Wilson CM. Rudolph Diesel, pioneer of the age of power. Norman, OK: The University of Oklahoma Press; 1965.
[9] Barnwal BK, Sharma MP. Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2005; 9:363-78.
[10] Vellguth G. Performance of vegetable oil and their monoesters as fuels for diesel engines. SAE 1983; 83:1358.
[11] Murugesan A, Umarani C, Subramanian R, Neunchezhain N. Biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines- A review. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2009; 13:653-62.
[12] Ergeneman M, Ozaktas T, Cig˘izog˘lu KB, Karaosmanog˘lu F, Arslan E. Effect of some Turkish vegetable oil–diesel fuel blends on exhaust emissions. Energy Sources 1997; 19: 879–85.
[13] Ma F, Hanna MA. Biodiesel production: a review. Bioresour Technol 1999; 70:1–15.
[14] Helwani Z, Othman MR, Aziz N, Fernando WJN, Kim J. Technologies for production of biodiesel focusing on green catalytic techniques: A Review. Fuel Process Technol 2009; 90:1502-14.
[15] Rakopoulos CD, Antonopoulos KA, Rakopoulos DC, Hountalas DT, Giakoumis EG. Comparative performance and emissions study of a direct injection diesel engine using blends of diesel fuel with vegetable oils or bio-diesels of various origins. Energy Convers Manage 2006; 47:3272–87.
[16] Rakopoulos DC, Rakapoulos CD, Papagiannakis RG, Kyritsis DC. Combustion heat release analysis of ethanol or n-butanol diesel fuel blends in heavy-duty diesel engine. Fuel 2011; 90:1855 −67.
[17] Ali Y, Hanna MA. Alternative diesel fuels from vegetable oils. Bioresource Technol 1994; 50:153–63.
[18] Chang DYZ, Van Gerpen JH, Lee I, Johnson LA, Hammond EG, Marley SJ. Fuel properties and emissions of soybean oil esters as diesel fuel. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1996; 73:1549–55.
[19] Galan M, Bonet J, Sire R, Reneaume J, Plesu AE. From residual to useful oil: revalorization of glycerine from the biodiesel synthesis. Bioresour Technol 2009; 100:3775–8.
[20] Pagliaro M, Ciriminna R, Kimura H, Rossi M, Della Pina C. From glycerol to value-added products. Angew Chem Int Ed 2007; 46:4434–40.
[21] Singh P, Khurma J, Singh A. Coconut oil based hybrid fuels as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. Am J Environ Sci 2010; 6:69–75.
[22] Pryde EH. Vegetable oils as fuel alternatives–symposium overview. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1984; 61:1609–10.
[23] Knothe G, Jurgen K, Van GJ. The biodiesel handbook. J Am Oil Chem Soc Press: 2005; 245–58.
[24] Do LD, Singh V, Kibbey T, Gollahalli SR, Sabatini DA. Algae, canola, or palm oils–diesel microemulsion fuels: phase behaviors, viscosity and combustion properties. Int J Green Energy 2011; 8:748–67.
[25] Koh MY, Mohd Ghazi TI. A review of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. Oil. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2011; 15:2240–51.
[26] Tat ME, Van Gerpen JH, Soylu S, Canakci M, Monyem A, Wormley S. The speed of sound and isentropic bulk modulus of biodiesel at 21°C from atmospheric pressure to 35 MPa. J Am Oil Chem Soc 2000; 77:285−9.
[27] Ryan TW, Dodge LG, Callahan TJ. The effects of vegetable oil properties on injection and combustion in two different diesel engines. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1984; 61: 1610−9.
[28] Alptekin E, Canakci M. Characterization of the key fuel properties of methyl ester-diesel fuel blends. Fuel 2009; 188:75−80.
[29] Pratas MJ, Freitas S, Oliveira MB, Monteiro SC, Lima AS, Coutinho JAP. Densities and viscosities of fatty acid methyl and ethyl esters. J Chem Eng Data 2010; 55: 3983−90.
[30] Pratas MJ, Freitas S, Oliveira MB, Monteiro SC, Lima AS, Coutinho JAP. Densities and viscosities of minority fatty acid methyl and ethyl esters present in biodiesel. J Chem Eng Data 2011; 56:2175−80.
[31] Samuel VDF, Mariana BO, Antonio JQ, Maria JP, Alvaro SL, Joao APC. Measurement and prediction of biodiesel surface tensions. Energy Fuels 2011; 25:4811–7.
[32] Becker W. Solvent extraction of soybeans. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1978; 55:754–61.
[33] Tat ME, Gerpen JHV. The specific gravity of biodiesel and its blends with diesel fuel. J Am Oil Chem Soc 2000; 77:115–9.
[34] Singh M, Kumar A. Hydrophobic Interactions of Methylureas in Aqueous Solutions Estimated with Density, Molal Volume, Viscosity and Surface Tension from 293.15 to 303.15 K. J Sol Chem 2006; 35:567-82.
[35] Singh M. Survismeter type I and II for surface tension, viscosity measurements of liquids for academic, and research and development studies. J Biochem Biophys Methods 2006; 67:151-61.
[36] Singh M. A simple instrument for measuring surface tension and viscosity of liquids, J Intr Exp Techn 2005; 48:270-1.
[37] Singh M. Structural interactions of globular proteins-Bovine serum albumin, egg albumin and lysozyme in aqueous medium elucidated with molar volumes, viscosities, energy functions and IR spectra from 293.15 to 303.15 K. J Appl Poly Sci 2007; 103: 1420-9.
[38] Viswanath DS, Ghosh TK, Prasad DHL. Viscosity of Liquids Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data: Springer; 2007.
[39] Azizian S, Hemmati M. Surface Tension of Binary Mixtures of Ethanol + Ethylene Glycol from 20 to 50 °C. J Chem Eng Data 2003; 48:662-3.
[40] Vazquez G, Alvarez E, Navaza JM. Surface Tension of Alcohol Water + Water from 20 to 50 0C. J Chem Eng Data 1995; 40:611-4.
[41] Witthayapanyanon A, Acosta EJ, Harwell JH, Sabatini DA. Formulation of ultra-low interfacial tension systems using extended surfactants. J Surfactants Deterg 2006; 9:331–9.
[42] Do LD, Witthayapanyanon A, Harwell JH, Sabatini DA. Environmentally friendly vegetable oil microemulsions using extended surfactants and linkers. J Surfactants Deterg 2009; 12:91–9.
[43] Koh MY, Mohd. Ghazi TI. A review of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. Oil. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2011; 15:2240–51.
Author Information
  • School of Chemical Science, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar-382030, India

  • School of Chemical Science, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar-382030, India

  • School of Chemical Science, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar-382030, India

  • School of Chemical Science, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar-382030, India; School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Vivek Patidar, Abhishek Chandra, Man Singh, Raosaheb Kathalupant Kale. (2014). Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 3(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Vivek Patidar; Abhishek Chandra; Man Singh; Raosaheb Kathalupant Kale. Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2014, 3(1), 13-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Vivek Patidar, Abhishek Chandra, Man Singh, Raosaheb Kathalupant Kale. Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2014;3(1):13-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13,
      author = {Vivek Patidar and Abhishek Chandra and Man Singh and Raosaheb Kathalupant Kale},
      title = {Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters},
      journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1},
      pages = {13-19},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20140301.13},
      abstract = {Vegetable oil reverse micelle microemulsions have been an alternative method of biodiesel production to eliminate and avoid transesterification as well as unpurified glycerol. Sorbitane fatty ester surfactants due to their high solubilization capacity forms microemulsions with oils and thus span based reverse micelle microemulsion systems have been studied. Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsions have been prepared using span 80 and 85 surfactants and optimized as biofuel, their phase behavior with physicochemical parameters: density, viscosity and surface tension were analyzed for formulation. The surface tension has been an important physicochemical parameter in addition to kinematic viscosity elucidating Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsion with span 80 than with span 85, as a better biofuel. Comparatively, a lower amount of span 80 than span 85 was utilized for microemulsion formulations and resulted viscosities were in close agreement with ASTM biodiesel standards. The microemulsification approach has been found a sustainable method for producing biofuels without chemical reactions and their fuel properties have been adjusted through variable formulations.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters
    AU  - Vivek Patidar
    AU  - Abhishek Chandra
    AU  - Man Singh
    AU  - Raosaheb Kathalupant Kale
    Y1  - 2014/01/30
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13
    T2  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JF  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JO  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    SP  - 13
    EP  - 19
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1549
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20140301.13
    AB  - Vegetable oil reverse micelle microemulsions have been an alternative method of biodiesel production to eliminate and avoid transesterification as well as unpurified glycerol. Sorbitane fatty ester surfactants due to their high solubilization capacity forms microemulsions with oils and thus span based reverse micelle microemulsion systems have been studied. Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsions have been prepared using span 80 and 85 surfactants and optimized as biofuel, their phase behavior with physicochemical parameters: density, viscosity and surface tension were analyzed for formulation. The surface tension has been an important physicochemical parameter in addition to kinematic viscosity elucidating Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsion with span 80 than with span 85, as a better biofuel. Comparatively, a lower amount of span 80 than span 85 was utilized for microemulsion formulations and resulted viscosities were in close agreement with ASTM biodiesel standards. The microemulsification approach has been found a sustainable method for producing biofuels without chemical reactions and their fuel properties have been adjusted through variable formulations.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections