The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity

Markos Georgallides

doi:doi:10.11648/j.si.20140205.11

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The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity

Markos Georgallides

Received: 16 December 2014 Accepted: 6 January 2015 Published: 19 January 2015

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Abstract

Because of Geometers scarcity, I was instigated to republish this article and to locate the weakness of prooving this Axiom. Weakness created the Non-Euclid geometries which deviated GR in Space-time confinement, so ,not conceiving the beyond Planck`s existence, not explaining the WHY speed of light is constant, and thus the whole universe. In the manuscript is prooved that parallel postulate is only in Plane (three points only and not a Spherical triangle ) based on the four Postulates for Constructions, where all properties of Euclidean geometry compactly exist as Extrema on points, lines, planes, circles and spheres. Projective, Hyperbolic and Elliptic geometry is proved to be an Extrema (deviations) in Euclidean geometry where on them Einstein's theory of general relativity is implicated approximately to the properties of physical space .The universally outstanding denial perception that Proof by geometric logic only is inaccessible , is now contradicted, and this current knowledge is widely extended.

DOI	10.11648/j.si.20140205.11
Published in	Science Innovation (Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014)
Page(s)	63-76
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Parallel Postulate, Euclid Geometry and Relativity

References

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APA Style

Markos Georgallides. (2015). The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity. Science Innovation, 2(5), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11

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ACS Style

Markos Georgallides. The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity. Sci. Innov. 2015, 2(5), 63-76. doi: 10.11648/j.si.20140205.11

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AMA Style

Markos Georgallides. The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity. Sci Innov. 2015;2(5):63-76. doi: 10.11648/j.si.20140205.11

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@article{10.11648/j.si.20140205.11,
  author = {Markos Georgallides},
  title = {The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity},
  journal = {Science Innovation},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {63-76},
  doi = {10.11648/j.si.20140205.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.si.20140205.11},
  abstract = {Because of Geometers scarcity, I was instigated to republish this article and to locate the weakness of prooving this Axiom. Weakness created the Non-Euclid geometries which deviated GR in Space-time confinement, so ,not conceiving the beyond Planck`s existence, not explaining the WHY speed of light is constant, and thus the whole universe. In the manuscript is prooved that parallel postulate is only in Plane (three points only and not a Spherical triangle ) based on the four Postulates for Constructions, where all properties of Euclidean geometry compactly exist as Extrema on points, lines, planes, circles and spheres. Projective, Hyperbolic and Elliptic geometry is proved to be an Extrema (deviations) in Euclidean geometry where on them Einstein's theory of general relativity is implicated approximately to the properties of physical space .The universally outstanding denial perception that Proof by geometric logic only is inaccessible , is now contradicted, and this current knowledge is widely extended.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity
AU  - Markos Georgallides
Y1  - 2015/01/19
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.si.20140205.11
T2  - Science Innovation
JF  - Science Innovation
JO  - Science Innovation
SP  - 63
EP  - 76
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-787X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11
AB  - Because of Geometers scarcity, I was instigated to republish this article and to locate the weakness of prooving this Axiom. Weakness created the Non-Euclid geometries which deviated GR in Space-time confinement, so ,not conceiving the beyond Planck`s existence, not explaining the WHY speed of light is constant, and thus the whole universe. In the manuscript is prooved that parallel postulate is only in Plane (three points only and not a Spherical triangle ) based on the four Postulates for Constructions, where all properties of Euclidean geometry compactly exist as Extrema on points, lines, planes, circles and spheres. Projective, Hyperbolic and Elliptic geometry is proved to be an Extrema (deviations) in Euclidean geometry where on them Einstein's theory of general relativity is implicated approximately to the properties of physical space .The universally outstanding denial perception that Proof by geometric logic only is inaccessible , is now contradicted, and this current knowledge is widely extended.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Markos Georgallides

Larnaca (Expelled from Famagusta town occupied by the Barbaric Turks Aug-1974), Cyprus

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APA Style

Markos Georgallides. (2015). The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity. Science Innovation, 2(5), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Markos Georgallides. The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity. Sci. Innov. 2015, 2(5), 63-76. doi: 10.11648/j.si.20140205.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Markos Georgallides. The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity. Sci Innov. 2015;2(5):63-76. doi: 10.11648/j.si.20140205.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.si.20140205.11,
  author = {Markos Georgallides},
  title = {The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity},
  journal = {Science Innovation},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {63-76},
  doi = {10.11648/j.si.20140205.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.si.20140205.11},
  abstract = {Because of Geometers scarcity, I was instigated to republish this article and to locate the weakness of prooving this Axiom. Weakness created the Non-Euclid geometries which deviated GR in Space-time confinement, so ,not conceiving the beyond Planck`s existence, not explaining the WHY speed of light is constant, and thus the whole universe. In the manuscript is prooved that parallel postulate is only in Plane (three points only and not a Spherical triangle ) based on the four Postulates for Constructions, where all properties of Euclidean geometry compactly exist as Extrema on points, lines, planes, circles and spheres. Projective, Hyperbolic and Elliptic geometry is proved to be an Extrema (deviations) in Euclidean geometry where on them Einstein's theory of general relativity is implicated approximately to the properties of physical space .The universally outstanding denial perception that Proof by geometric logic only is inaccessible , is now contradicted, and this current knowledge is widely extended.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Parallel Postulate, the other Four and Relativity
AU  - Markos Georgallides
Y1  - 2015/01/19
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.si.20140205.11
T2  - Science Innovation
JF  - Science Innovation
JO  - Science Innovation
SP  - 63
EP  - 76
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-787X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20140205.11
AB  - Because of Geometers scarcity, I was instigated to republish this article and to locate the weakness of prooving this Axiom. Weakness created the Non-Euclid geometries which deviated GR in Space-time confinement, so ,not conceiving the beyond Planck`s existence, not explaining the WHY speed of light is constant, and thus the whole universe. In the manuscript is prooved that parallel postulate is only in Plane (three points only and not a Spherical triangle ) based on the four Postulates for Constructions, where all properties of Euclidean geometry compactly exist as Extrema on points, lines, planes, circles and spheres. Projective, Hyperbolic and Elliptic geometry is proved to be an Extrema (deviations) in Euclidean geometry where on them Einstein's theory of general relativity is implicated approximately to the properties of physical space .The universally outstanding denial perception that Proof by geometric logic only is inaccessible , is now contradicted, and this current knowledge is widely extended.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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