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Effects of Treatment Application Rates (FYM and Gypsum) and Pore Volume Leaching Water on Exchangeable Sodium and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Saline Sodic Soils of Babile District, Eastern Lowlands of Ethiopia

Received: 20 January 2015    Accepted: 06 February 2015    Published: 28 February 2015
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Abstract

Incubation and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of FYM, gypsum and pore volume (PV) of water on ESP and Ksat of saline sodic soils. Factorial combination of three rates of FYM (0, 20 and 30 ton ha-1), four rat of gypsum (0, 50, 75, 100 and 125% GR) and three PV of water (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0) were applied into the soil in complete randomized design with three replications. The soils were incubated using a plastic pot for a week followed by leaching with various PV of water. The data obtained subjected to analysis of variance. Results indicated that sole application of gypsum at different rates and their combination with FYM significantly decreased the ESP of the soil compared to FYM and the control. However, larger exchangeable Na released and then decreased the soil ESP with the use of combined FYM and gypsum treatments than sole application of gypsum for every increment in applied PV of leaching water. Similarly, the Ksat of soils was higher in combined than sole application of FYM and gypsum for all applied fixed PV of leaching water. On the other hand, increasing sole application of FYM and gypsum increased the Ksat of soil and the numerical values were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the control but lower than the different combinations. Though, the Ksat of soil increased with increasing rates of applied FYM and gypsum; these values showed decreasing trend as PV of leaching water increased. In general, the interaction effects of different levels of FYM, gypsum and PV of water were significant (P < 0.05) in improving the ESP and Ksat of the saline sodic soils of Bisidimo. In conclusion, among the various treatments considered, combinations of 20 tons FYM ha-1 with gypsum (50, 75 and 100% GR) rates and leaching up to three PV of water are adequate to reclaim saline sodic soil to permissible limit and then theses combinations are recommended for resource poor farmers. The experiment was laid down in a completely randomized design with two replicates.

DOI 10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11
Published in Science Research (Volume 3, Issue 2, April 2015)
Page(s) 30-37
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Saline Sodic Soil, Exchangeable Sodium, Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity

References
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[3] FAO (Food and Agriculture Organizatio), 2000. Available http://www.fao.orglag/agl/agll/spush/ topic/htm.
[4] FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), 2001. Lecture notes on the major soils of the world. World soils resources report. No.94. Rome.
[5] Fasika Berhanu , 2006. Characterization and Classification of Salt Affected Soils and Irrigation Water in Alage ATVET College Campus, Southern Rift Valley of Ethiopia. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University.
[6] Gizaw. Berhanu, 2008. Characterization and Classification of the Soils and Irrigation Water Sources of the Bisidimo areas. Babile District in East Hararghe Zone of Oromia National Regional State. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University.
[7] Grattan, S.R. and Oster, J.D. 2003. Use and reuse of saline sodic water for irrigation of crops. In: Goyal SS, Sharma SK, Rains DW (Eds.), Crop Production in Saline Environments: Global and Integrative Perspectives. Haworth Press, New York, pp. 131–162.
[8] Hanay, A., Fatih, B. Fatih, M.K, and.C,Mustafa, Y 2004. Reclamation of Saline Sodic Soils with Gypsum and MSW Compost. Comprehensive Science Utilization. 12:175-179.
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[16] Murtaza, G., Tahir, M.N. and Ghafoor, A. 1999. Calcium losses from gypsum and farm yard manure treated saline-sodic soil during reclamation. International Journal of agriculture and Biology. 1: 19–22.
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Author Information
  • Hawassa college of Teacher Education, Hawassa, Ethiopia

  • School of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

  • School of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

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    Assefa Adane, Heluf Gebrekidan, Kibebew Kibret. (2015). Effects of Treatment Application Rates (FYM and Gypsum) and Pore Volume Leaching Water on Exchangeable Sodium and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Saline Sodic Soils of Babile District, Eastern Lowlands of Ethiopia. Science Research, 3(2), 30-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11

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    ACS Style

    Assefa Adane; Heluf Gebrekidan; Kibebew Kibret. Effects of Treatment Application Rates (FYM and Gypsum) and Pore Volume Leaching Water on Exchangeable Sodium and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Saline Sodic Soils of Babile District, Eastern Lowlands of Ethiopia. Sci. Res. 2015, 3(2), 30-37. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11

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    AMA Style

    Assefa Adane, Heluf Gebrekidan, Kibebew Kibret. Effects of Treatment Application Rates (FYM and Gypsum) and Pore Volume Leaching Water on Exchangeable Sodium and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Saline Sodic Soils of Babile District, Eastern Lowlands of Ethiopia. Sci Res. 2015;3(2):30-37. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11,
      author = {Assefa Adane and Heluf Gebrekidan and Kibebew Kibret},
      title = {Effects of Treatment Application Rates (FYM and Gypsum) and Pore Volume Leaching Water on Exchangeable Sodium and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Saline Sodic Soils of Babile District, Eastern Lowlands of Ethiopia},
      journal = {Science Research},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {30-37},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20150302.11},
      abstract = {Incubation and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of FYM, gypsum and pore volume (PV) of water on ESP and Ksat of saline sodic soils. Factorial combination of three rates of FYM (0, 20 and 30 ton ha-1), four rat of gypsum (0, 50, 75, 100 and 125% GR) and three PV of water (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0) were applied into the soil in complete randomized design with three replications. The soils were incubated using a plastic pot for a week followed by leaching with various PV of water. The data obtained subjected to analysis of variance. Results indicated that sole application of gypsum at different rates and their combination with FYM significantly decreased the ESP of the soil compared to FYM and the control. However, larger exchangeable Na released and then decreased the soil ESP with the use of combined FYM and gypsum treatments than sole application of gypsum for every increment in applied PV of leaching water. Similarly, the Ksat of soils was higher in combined than sole application of FYM and gypsum for all applied fixed PV of leaching water. On the other hand, increasing sole application of FYM and gypsum increased the Ksat of soil and the numerical values were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the control but lower than the different combinations. Though, the Ksat of soil increased with increasing rates of applied FYM and gypsum; these values showed decreasing trend as PV of leaching water increased. In general, the interaction effects of different levels of FYM, gypsum and PV of water were significant (P < 0.05) in improving the ESP and Ksat of the saline sodic soils of Bisidimo. In conclusion, among the various treatments considered, combinations of 20 tons FYM ha-1 with gypsum (50, 75 and 100% GR) rates and leaching up to three PV of water are adequate to reclaim saline sodic soil to permissible limit and then theses combinations are recommended for resource poor farmers. The experiment was laid down in a completely randomized design with two replicates.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effects of Treatment Application Rates (FYM and Gypsum) and Pore Volume Leaching Water on Exchangeable Sodium and Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Saline Sodic Soils of Babile District, Eastern Lowlands of Ethiopia
    AU  - Assefa Adane
    AU  - Heluf Gebrekidan
    AU  - Kibebew Kibret
    Y1  - 2015/02/28
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11
    T2  - Science Research
    JF  - Science Research
    JO  - Science Research
    SP  - 30
    EP  - 37
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2329-0927
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150302.11
    AB  - Incubation and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of FYM, gypsum and pore volume (PV) of water on ESP and Ksat of saline sodic soils. Factorial combination of three rates of FYM (0, 20 and 30 ton ha-1), four rat of gypsum (0, 50, 75, 100 and 125% GR) and three PV of water (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0) were applied into the soil in complete randomized design with three replications. The soils were incubated using a plastic pot for a week followed by leaching with various PV of water. The data obtained subjected to analysis of variance. Results indicated that sole application of gypsum at different rates and their combination with FYM significantly decreased the ESP of the soil compared to FYM and the control. However, larger exchangeable Na released and then decreased the soil ESP with the use of combined FYM and gypsum treatments than sole application of gypsum for every increment in applied PV of leaching water. Similarly, the Ksat of soils was higher in combined than sole application of FYM and gypsum for all applied fixed PV of leaching water. On the other hand, increasing sole application of FYM and gypsum increased the Ksat of soil and the numerical values were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the control but lower than the different combinations. Though, the Ksat of soil increased with increasing rates of applied FYM and gypsum; these values showed decreasing trend as PV of leaching water increased. In general, the interaction effects of different levels of FYM, gypsum and PV of water were significant (P < 0.05) in improving the ESP and Ksat of the saline sodic soils of Bisidimo. In conclusion, among the various treatments considered, combinations of 20 tons FYM ha-1 with gypsum (50, 75 and 100% GR) rates and leaching up to three PV of water are adequate to reclaim saline sodic soil to permissible limit and then theses combinations are recommended for resource poor farmers. The experiment was laid down in a completely randomized design with two replicates.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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