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Theoretical Study of Sand Entrainment and Deposits in Horizontal Oil Transport

Received: 14 October 2015    Accepted: 26 October 2015    Published: 08 December 2015
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Abstract

Sand deposition in horizontal pipes transporting crude oil and sand affects oil recovery and causes loss of pipe integrity. One way of avoiding sand deposition in lines is by identifying potential sand deposit points for mounting boosters to help boost the inertia force of the flowing stream. This paper investigates a model approach to the problem. Results from simulation give potential sand deposit points in a 12 km pipeline. The Reynolds numbers estimated, show significant variations between the 6 and 8km points where viscous forces prevailed over inertia forces. Thus, the 6 km point is an ideal point for mounting a booster. Sand velocities remained constant at 0 km at different times down to the 8 km point although, the values differ axially per hour. Variations were incipient at the 10 km point through to the exit owing to hindered settling caused by inherent collisions of particles resting on the pipe wall. However, this also suggests that the 8 km point is a crucial point at or beyond which a booster pump is required to make up for the lost kinetic energy for a reliable and safe flow. Transport flow regimes were also investigated via parametric assessment on hourly basis.

DOI 10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18
Published in Science Research (Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015)
Page(s) 314-323
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sand Deposition, Horizontal Pipes, Boosters, Potential Deposit Points, Safe Flow

References
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[2] Bello, K. O., Oyeneyin. M. B. and Oluyemi, G. F.(2011) Minimum Transport Velocity Models for Suspended Particles in Multiphase Flow Revisited." SPE ATCE. Denver, Colorado: SPE 147045, 10.
[3] Doan, Q., Farouq, A., George, A. and Oguztoreli, M. (1996). Simulation of Sand Transport in Horizontal Well. International Conference on Horizontal Well Technology. Calgary, Canada. November pp. 18-20.
[4] Doan, Q., Farouq, A., George, A. and Oguztoreli, M. (2000). Sand Deposition Inside a Horizontal Well- A Simulation Approach. SPE Journal, 39: 33-40.
[5] Emetere, M, E. (2014). Analytical Temperature Profiling For Pipe Walls and Fluids Using Mathematical Experimentation. Advancement in Engineering. 2014 (1), Article ID 490302, doi.org/10.1155/2014/490302.
[6] Escobedo, J. and Mansoori, G.A. (1995). Solid Particle Deposition During Turbulent Flow Production Operations. In: Richardson, T.X. (Ed), Production Operations pp. 439-446. Proceedings of a Symposium held at the Oklahoma City, Dakota, USA, April, Symposium Series No. 29488, SPE, Dakota.
[7] Fadel, E. F., Daniel, F. J., Michael, I. K and Walter, P. R. (2002). Measurement of Critical Deposition Velocity in Slurry Transport Through a Horizontal Pipe. Results from Research, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland (mimeograph).
[8] Givler, R.C. and Mikataranian, R.R. (1987). Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Particle Flows: Geothermal Drilling Applications. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 109: 324-331.
[9] Hongen, D., Dandan, H. and Wenxin, C., (2005) Sand Production Prediction and the Selection of Completion Methods for Horizontal Wells in Intercampo Oil Field, Venezuela. SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition Jakarta, Indonesia SPE 93821, 12.
[10] Matthew, H., Craig, J., Juliane, H., Joel, M., Don, E., Martin, K., Schetky, L. and Philip, S. (2003). Development and First Application of Bistable Expandable Sand Screen. SPE Annual Technical Conference. Colorado, USA. October pp. 1-14.
[11] Matthew, J. S., Fairhurst, P. C. and Hill, J. T. (2001). Solids Transport in Multiphase Flows-Application to High Viscosity Systems. In: Annual Report 1999-2001 p.1, Upstream Petroleum Technology Research, British Petroleum Exploration Sunbury, UK.
[12] Mitchell, A.R., Andrew, R. and Griffiths, D.F. (1980). Finite Difference Methods in Partial Differential Equations. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, USA.
[13] Sanni, E, S., Olawale, A, S and Adefila, S, S. (2015). Mathematical Modeling of Sand and Crude Oil Flow in Horizontal Pipes During Crude Oil Transportation. Hindawii Journal of Engineering, pp.1-7.
[14] Smith, L. and Waard, K. (2005). Corrosion Prediction and Materials Selection for Oil and Gas Producing Environments. NACE International, Houston Texas USA. pp 1 – 14.
[15] Smart, J. (2009). Calculating Velocity for Solid Particle Movement in Oil and Gas Pipelines. Pipeline and Gas Journal, pp. 1 – 5.
[16] Stephen, H. and Steven, R. (2002). Hydraulic Transport of Fine and Coarse Sand Sediment Mixtures in Pipelines. Journal of Transport Engineering, 128: 1-8.
[17] Stuhmiller, J.H. (1977). The Influence of Interfacial Pressure Forces on the Character of Two Phase Flow Model Equations. International Journal of Multiphase Flows, 3: 551-560.
Author Information
  • Department of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria

  • Department of Physics, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria

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  • APA Style

    Sanni Eshorame Samuel, Olawale Surajudeen Adegboyega, Adefila Sunday Samuel, Emetere Moses. (2015). Theoretical Study of Sand Entrainment and Deposits in Horizontal Oil Transport. Science Research, 3(6), 314-323. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18

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    ACS Style

    Sanni Eshorame Samuel; Olawale Surajudeen Adegboyega; Adefila Sunday Samuel; Emetere Moses. Theoretical Study of Sand Entrainment and Deposits in Horizontal Oil Transport. Sci. Res. 2015, 3(6), 314-323. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18

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    AMA Style

    Sanni Eshorame Samuel, Olawale Surajudeen Adegboyega, Adefila Sunday Samuel, Emetere Moses. Theoretical Study of Sand Entrainment and Deposits in Horizontal Oil Transport. Sci Res. 2015;3(6):314-323. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18,
      author = {Sanni Eshorame Samuel and Olawale Surajudeen Adegboyega and Adefila Sunday Samuel and Emetere Moses},
      title = {Theoretical Study of Sand Entrainment and Deposits in Horizontal Oil Transport},
      journal = {Science Research},
      volume = {3},
      number = {6},
      pages = {314-323},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20150306.18},
      abstract = {Sand deposition in horizontal pipes transporting crude oil and sand affects oil recovery and causes loss of pipe integrity. One way of avoiding sand deposition in lines is by identifying potential sand deposit points for mounting boosters to help boost the inertia force of the flowing stream. This paper investigates a model approach to the problem. Results from simulation give potential sand deposit points in a 12 km pipeline. The Reynolds numbers estimated, show significant variations between the 6 and 8km points where viscous forces prevailed over inertia forces. Thus, the 6 km point is an ideal point for mounting a booster. Sand velocities remained constant at 0 km at different times down to the 8 km point although, the values differ axially per hour. Variations were incipient at the 10 km point through to the exit owing to hindered settling caused by inherent collisions of particles resting on the pipe wall. However, this also suggests that the 8 km point is a crucial point at or beyond which a booster pump is required to make up for the lost kinetic energy for a reliable and safe flow. Transport flow regimes were also investigated via parametric assessment on hourly basis.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    T1  - Theoretical Study of Sand Entrainment and Deposits in Horizontal Oil Transport
    AU  - Sanni Eshorame Samuel
    AU  - Olawale Surajudeen Adegboyega
    AU  - Adefila Sunday Samuel
    AU  - Emetere Moses
    Y1  - 2015/12/08
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18
    T2  - Science Research
    JF  - Science Research
    JO  - Science Research
    SP  - 314
    EP  - 323
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2329-0927
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150306.18
    AB  - Sand deposition in horizontal pipes transporting crude oil and sand affects oil recovery and causes loss of pipe integrity. One way of avoiding sand deposition in lines is by identifying potential sand deposit points for mounting boosters to help boost the inertia force of the flowing stream. This paper investigates a model approach to the problem. Results from simulation give potential sand deposit points in a 12 km pipeline. The Reynolds numbers estimated, show significant variations between the 6 and 8km points where viscous forces prevailed over inertia forces. Thus, the 6 km point is an ideal point for mounting a booster. Sand velocities remained constant at 0 km at different times down to the 8 km point although, the values differ axially per hour. Variations were incipient at the 10 km point through to the exit owing to hindered settling caused by inherent collisions of particles resting on the pipe wall. However, this also suggests that the 8 km point is a crucial point at or beyond which a booster pump is required to make up for the lost kinetic energy for a reliable and safe flow. Transport flow regimes were also investigated via parametric assessment on hourly basis.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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