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Nazik Al-Malaika: The Poetess of Common People

Received: 1 October 2019    Accepted: 29 November 2019    Published: 10 December 2019
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Abstract

Al-Malaika was born in Baghdad to a cultured family. Her mother was also a poetess and her father was a teacher as well as a writer. Nazik Al-Malaika (23 August 1923 – 20 June 2007) was an Iraqi female poetess and is considered by many to be one of the most influential contemporary Iraqi female poets and her poetic attitude depict her as a poetess of common people. Al-Malaika is famous as the first Arabic poet to use free verse system of poetry. She wrote her first poem at the age of mere 10only. Al-Malaika completed a master's degree in comparative literature from the University of Wisconsin–Madison with a Degree of Excellence. She entered the Institute of Fine Arts and graduated from the Department of Music in 1949. She was appointed as professor at the University of Baghdad, the University of Basrah, and Kuwait University respectively. Al-Malaika left Iraq in 1970 with her husband Abdel Hadi Mahbooba and family, following the rise of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Iraq to power. She lived in Kuwait until Saddam Hussein's invasion in 1990. Al-Malaika and her family left for Cairo, where she lived for the rest of her life. Naziks poetry primly illustrated the issues of common folks. Towards the end of her life, Al-Malaika suffered from a number of health issues, including Parkinson's disease. She died in Cairo in 2007 at the age of 83. Al-Malaika published several books of poems like; ‘and the sea changes its color’ in 1970, and "The Night's Lover".

Published in Arabic Language, Literature & Culture (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.allc.20190404.12
Page(s) 72-76
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Al-Malaika, Poetess, Common People, Free Verse, Arabic Language, Literature, Iraq

References
[1] Alissa. J. Rubin, Internet sources, 27 June 2007.
[2] Abdul Moneim, Al-Ahram, June 27, 2007, issue no. 851.
[3] Ismail Ajuddin, Nazik Al-Malaika, Page-116-121.
[4] Badawi M. M., A critical introduction to modern Arabic poetry, p-144.
[5] Mahdi Ismat, Modern Arabic Literature, Hyderabad, p-224.
[6] Al-Malaika Nazik, Al-Sh’iru fi Hayati, p 183-184.
[7] Al-Hanri Ibrahim, Harkat Al-Naquad Al-Hadith wa Al-Muasir fi Al-Sh’ir Al-Arabi, Beirut, T, 1, Muassasat Al-Risalah, 1984.
[8] Abu Sad Ahmed, Al-Sh’ir Wa Al-Shuwara fi Al-Iraq, 1900-1958, Dirasatu wa Muktaratu Lubnani, Dar Al-Ma’arif, 1959.
[9] Al-Malaika Nazik, Al-Shamsu Al-Lazi Wara Al-Qummah (Short story), Al-Majlis Al-A’ala Li Al-Thaqafah, 1998.
[10] Matlub Ahmed, Al-Insaniatu fi Shi’re Nazik, p35-40, Mujallat Al-Aqlam, Bagdad, Feb. 1992.
[11] Balata I’sa, Badre Shakir Al-Sayyab, Bagdad, 1987.
[12] Amin Qasim, Tahriru Al-Mar’ah, Cairo 1316 AH.
[13] Amin Qasim, Al-Mar’ah Al-Zadidah, Egypt 1900.
[14] Nash’at Kamal, Abu Shadi wa Harkat Al-Taz, 1967.
[15] Samirai Mazid Ahmed, Nazik Al-Malaika, Al-Mawzah Al-Qalqah, Bagdad 1975.
[16] Fahmi Mahir Aasam (D), Al-Harkat Al-B’ath fi Al-Shir Al Arabi Al-Hadith, Egypt 1961.
[17] Munjir Al-Juburi, Shuwarau Iraqiuun, Iraq Republic 1077.
[18] Musa Munif, Nazriyyat Al-Shi’r Inda Al-Naqqad fi Al-Adab Al-Arabi…. Lebanon, 1984.
[19] Amir Zund Bahar, Nasime Magrib, India 1963.
[20] Al-Ahram, Nazik Al-Malaika, Issue-851, 28th June 2007.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Mohammed Raysul Hoque. (2019). Nazik Al-Malaika: The Poetess of Common People. Arabic Language, Literature & Culture, 4(4), 72-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.allc.20190404.12

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    ACS Style

    Mohammed Raysul Hoque. Nazik Al-Malaika: The Poetess of Common People. Arab. Lang. Lit. Cult. 2019, 4(4), 72-76. doi: 10.11648/j.allc.20190404.12

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    AMA Style

    Mohammed Raysul Hoque. Nazik Al-Malaika: The Poetess of Common People. Arab Lang Lit Cult. 2019;4(4):72-76. doi: 10.11648/j.allc.20190404.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.allc.20190404.12,
      author = {Mohammed Raysul Hoque},
      title = {Nazik Al-Malaika: The Poetess of Common People},
      journal = {Arabic Language, Literature & Culture},
      volume = {4},
      number = {4},
      pages = {72-76},
      doi = {10.11648/j.allc.20190404.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.allc.20190404.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.allc.20190404.12},
      abstract = {Al-Malaika was born in Baghdad to a cultured family. Her mother was also a poetess and her father was a teacher as well as a writer. Nazik Al-Malaika (23 August 1923 – 20 June 2007) was an Iraqi female poetess and is considered by many to be one of the most influential contemporary Iraqi female poets and her poetic attitude depict her as a poetess of common people. Al-Malaika is famous as the first Arabic poet to use free verse system of poetry. She wrote her first poem at the age of mere 10only. Al-Malaika completed a master's degree in comparative literature from the University of Wisconsin–Madison with a Degree of Excellence. She entered the Institute of Fine Arts and graduated from the Department of Music in 1949. She was appointed as professor at the University of Baghdad, the University of Basrah, and Kuwait University respectively. Al-Malaika left Iraq in 1970 with her husband Abdel Hadi Mahbooba and family, following the rise of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Iraq to power. She lived in Kuwait until Saddam Hussein's invasion in 1990. Al-Malaika and her family left for Cairo, where she lived for the rest of her life. Naziks poetry primly illustrated the issues of common folks. Towards the end of her life, Al-Malaika suffered from a number of health issues, including Parkinson's disease. She died in Cairo in 2007 at the age of 83. Al-Malaika published several books of poems like; ‘and the sea changes its color’ in 1970, and "The Night's Lover".},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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Author Information
  • Department of Arabic, Anwarul Ulum Senior Madrassa, Karimganj, India

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