Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga

Howell B. Calma

doi:doi:10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga

Howell B. Calma

Published in Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 8 July 2013 Accepted: Published: 10 August 2013

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The study intended to present the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects of individuals exhibiting Balatung (Startle matching syndrome of Pampanga). It employed an exploratory of the descriptive type design to investigate the characteristics of five (5) Kapampangan individuals exhibiting balatung in a variety of context, focusing on the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects. The information was gathered through the administration of psychological tests, checklist, observation checklists, and conduct of in-depth interviews. Results shows that the respondents cognitive domain suggest that their general intellectual ability as related by this intelligence test alone fall mostly on the lower extreme and one below average. Lastly with the other psychological aspects, it shows that majority of the five respondents have issues in attention.

Published in	Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11
Page(s)	148-161
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Startle Matching Syndromes, Culture Bound Syndrome, Balatung

References

[1]	American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.) Text Rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Press.
[2]	Bakker MJ, Van Dijk JG, van den Maagdenberg AM, Tijssen MA (2006). Startle syndromes. Lancet Neurology, 5, 513-524.
[3]	Bakker MJ, Tijssen MA (2012). Exaggerated startle reactions. Clinical Neurophysiology 123 (1), 34-44.
[4]	Bartholomew, R.E. (1994). The Conspicuous Absence of a Single Credible Case of Latah-related Death or Serious Injury. Transcultural Psychiatry 36, 369-380.
[5]	Chiu TL, Tong JE and Schmidt KE (1972). A clinical survey study of Latah in Sarawak, Malaysia. Psychological Medicine. 2, 155-165.
[6]	Dreissen, Bakker, Koelman, & Tijssen. (2012). Exaggerated startle reactions. Clinical Neurophysiology, 123, 34-44.
[7]	Dreissen, Bakker, Koelman & Tijssen. (2012). Exaggerated Startle Reactions. Clinical Neurophysiology, 123, 34-44
[8]	Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Text Revision, Fourth Edition (2000). American Psychiatric Press.
[9]	Ekman, P. & Friesen, W.V. (1985) Is the Startle Reaction an Emotion? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49 (5) 1416-1426
[10]	Flanagan, D., & Ortiz, S. (2001). Essentials of cross battery assessment. New York: Wiley.
[11]	Geertz, H. (1968). Latah in Java: A theoretical paradox. Indonesia, 5, 93-104.
[12]	Grinnell, S. (2005). Jump! The 'startling' debate surrounding latahs and the jumping Frenchmen of Maine. Culture, Mind, and Brain, 370, 1-12
[13]	Guarnacia, P.J., & Rogler, L.H. (1999) Research on Culture Bound Syndromes: New Directions. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156 (9), 1322-1327.
[14]	Heyl, Vera; Wahl, Hans-Werner (2010). Cognitive Ability as a Resource for Everyday Functioning among Older Adults Who Are Visually Impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 104(7), 88-100
[15]	Jenner, J. (1990) Latah as Coping: a Case Study Offering a New Paradox to Solve the Old One. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 36(194), 57-60
[16]	Kaufman & Kaufman.(1997). Manual K-BIT2 Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test 2nd Edition. USA: Pearson NCS Inc.
[17]	Kenny, M.G. (1996) Paradox Revisited: Recent Work on the Latah Problem. Transcultural Psychiatry, 33 (43) 43-53.
[18]	Kenny, Michael. (1999). Comment on Bartholomew. Transcultural Psychiatry. 36 (3), 391-392
[19]	Lindahl, Andrea. (2005), Startles, Jump. Practical Neurology, 88(22), 292-297
[20]	Murphy, H. (1973). History and Evolution of Syndromes: The Striking Case of Latah and Amok. Transcultural Psychiatry, 10(31), 44-55
[21]	Roid, G. H. (2003b). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition: Technical Manual. Itasca, IL:Riverside Publishing.
[22]	Sadock, B.J., Sadock, V. A. (2007). Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences/Clinical Psychiatry, 10th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
[23]	Saint-Hilaire, M.H. (1986) Jumping Frenchmen of Maine. Neurology, 36, 1269-1271
[24]	Saint-Hilaire, M. H. & Saint-Hilaire, J. M. (2001). Jumping Frenchmen of Maine. Mov Disord 16(3), 530-540.
[25]	Samson, V. Q. (2007). Vocabulario de Pampango en Romance, Y Diccionario de Romance Pampango. Holy Angel University Press.
[26]	Simons, R. C. (1980). The resolution of the Latah paradox. Journal of Nervous Mental Disorder, 168(4), 195-206.
[27]	Simons, R. C. (1996). Boo! – Culture, experience and the startle reflex. New York: Oxford University Press.
[28]	Simons, Robert. (1999). Where’s the News. Transcultural Psychiatry, 36 (3), 377-383
[29]	Tanner, C. M. & Chamberland, J. (2001). Latah in Jakarta, Indonesia. Movement Disorder 16(3), 526-529.
[30]	Tijssen, M.A.J, et.al. (1996) Late Onset Startle Induced Tics. Neurology, NeuroSurgery and Psychiatry, 67, 782-784
[31]	Tseng, W.S. (2006). From Peculiar Psychiatric Disorders through Culture-bound Syndromes to Culture-related Specific Syndromes. Transcultural Psychology, 43 (4), 554-576
[32]	Turla, E. (1999). Classic Kapampangan Dictionary. Lazer Quick, USA.
[33]	Wahl, H. (2010). Cognitive ability as a resource for everyday functioning among older adults who are visually impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness. Retrieved from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_6836/is_7_104/ai_n54723896/
[34]	Winzeler, R. (1984). The study of Malayan Latah. Indonesia, 37, 77-104.
[35]	Winzeler, R. (1995). Latah in Southeast Asia: The history and ethnography of a culture-bound syndrome. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
[36]	Winzeler, R. (1999) Is Latah always Fakery or Deception? Transcultural Psychiatry, 36 (3), 385-390.
[37]	Yap PM (1952). The latah reaction: its pathodynamics and nosological position. Journal of Mental Science, 98, 515-564.
[38]	Yin, R. K. (2003). Case study research: Design and methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage
[39]	van Loon, F. H. (1927). Amok and Latah. Psyciatee and Neubologist of the Batavia
[40]	http://psychology.about.com/od/cindex/g/def_cognition.htm

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Howell B. Calma. (2013). Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 2(4), 148-161. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Howell B. Calma. Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga. Psychol. Behav. Sci. 2013, 2(4), 148-161. doi: 10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Howell B. Calma. Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga. Psychol Behav Sci. 2013;2(4):148-161. doi: 10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11,
  author = {Howell B. Calma},
  title = {Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga},
  journal = {Psychology and Behavioral Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {148-161},
  doi = {10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pbs.20130204.11},
  abstract = {The study intended to present the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects of individuals exhibiting Balatung (Startle matching syndrome of Pampanga). It employed an exploratory of the descriptive type design to investigate the characteristics of five (5) Kapampangan individuals exhibiting balatung in a variety of context, focusing on the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects. The information was gathered through the administration of psychological tests, checklist, observation checklists, and conduct of in-depth interviews. Results shows that the respondents cognitive domain suggest that their general intellectual ability as related by this intelligence test alone fall mostly on the lower extreme and one below average. Lastly with the other psychological aspects, it shows that majority of the five respondents have issues in attention.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga
AU  - Howell B. Calma
Y1  - 2013/08/10
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11
T2  - Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
JF  - Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
JO  - Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
SP  - 148
EP  - 161
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7845
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11
AB  - The study intended to present the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects of individuals exhibiting Balatung (Startle matching syndrome of Pampanga). It employed an exploratory of the descriptive type design to investigate the characteristics of five (5) Kapampangan individuals exhibiting balatung in a variety of context, focusing on the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects. The information was gathered through the administration of psychological tests, checklist, observation checklists, and conduct of in-depth interviews. Results shows that the respondents cognitive domain suggest that their general intellectual ability as related by this intelligence test alone fall mostly on the lower extreme and one below average. Lastly with the other psychological aspects, it shows that majority of the five respondents have issues in attention.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Howell B. Calma

Department of Psychology, Holy Angel University, Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Howell B. Calma. (2013). Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 2(4), 148-161. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Howell B. Calma. Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga. Psychol. Behav. Sci. 2013, 2(4), 148-161. doi: 10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Howell B. Calma. Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga. Psychol Behav Sci. 2013;2(4):148-161. doi: 10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11,
  author = {Howell B. Calma},
  title = {Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga},
  journal = {Psychology and Behavioral Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {148-161},
  doi = {10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pbs.20130204.11},
  abstract = {The study intended to present the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects of individuals exhibiting Balatung (Startle matching syndrome of Pampanga). It employed an exploratory of the descriptive type design to investigate the characteristics of five (5) Kapampangan individuals exhibiting balatung in a variety of context, focusing on the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects. The information was gathered through the administration of psychological tests, checklist, observation checklists, and conduct of in-depth interviews. Results shows that the respondents cognitive domain suggest that their general intellectual ability as related by this intelligence test alone fall mostly on the lower extreme and one below average. Lastly with the other psychological aspects, it shows that majority of the five respondents have issues in attention.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Symptoms Description, Cognitive and Other Psychological Aspects of Individuals with Balatung: The Startle Matching Syndrome of Pampanga
AU  - Howell B. Calma
Y1  - 2013/08/10
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11
T2  - Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
JF  - Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
JO  - Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
SP  - 148
EP  - 161
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7845
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20130204.11
AB  - The study intended to present the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects of individuals exhibiting Balatung (Startle matching syndrome of Pampanga). It employed an exploratory of the descriptive type design to investigate the characteristics of five (5) Kapampangan individuals exhibiting balatung in a variety of context, focusing on the symptoms, cognition, and other psychological aspects. The information was gathered through the administration of psychological tests, checklist, observation checklists, and conduct of in-depth interviews. Results shows that the respondents cognitive domain suggest that their general intellectual ability as related by this intelligence test alone fall mostly on the lower extreme and one below average. Lastly with the other psychological aspects, it shows that majority of the five respondents have issues in attention.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download