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Family Planning Use and Its Determinants Among Pastoralist Communities of Ethiopia

Received: 24 May 2016    Accepted: 01 June 2016    Published: 28 April 2017
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Abstract

Background: Ethiopia is one of the most populous countries in Africa where only 27% of women in the reproductive age group are currently using modern family planning methods. As a result, Low family planning use remains a major public health problem in the country especially in pastoralist communities in which it was not properly utilized due to limited physical access of the population to health facilities and shortages of staffs. Only few studies assessed the situation of family planning use in pastoralist communities of Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of family planning used and its determinants in pastoralist communities of Ethiopia. Methods: The study used women’s dataset from the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. The survey sampling was designed to provide national, urban/rural, and regional representative estimates of key health and demographic indicators. This study used 2,724 married women of reproductive age group in rural pastoralist communities of Afar, Somali, Gambella and Benishangul Gumuz regions of Ethiopia. The sample was selected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling procedure. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval in binary logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with family planning use. Results: Around one in ten (11%) of married women used any methods of family planning during the survey time. Unmet needs was 22.6% while 427 (15.7%) was attributed for spacing and 187 (6.9%) was for limiting. The total demand for family planning was only 33.6% among pastoralist women in Ethiopia. Women in the richest wealth quintile (AOR=24.28: 95% CI (13.43 - 43.90), and Muslims (AOR=0.39: 95% CI (0.27 - 0.56), residents of Gambela region (AOR=5.31:95%CI (2.81 - 10.04) and living in female headed households (AOR= 0.48: 95%CI (0.30 - 0.78) were found to be associated with family planning used. Conclusion: The prevalence of family planning use was low with only a third of women having the demand for family planning. Sex of household head, wealth quintile and religion and study region, were associated with family planning use. Targeted interventions should be put in place to enhance contraception.

DOI 10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13
Published in Social Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 2, April 2017)
Page(s) 57-62
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Family Planning Use, Religion, Wealth, Pastoralist Communities, Ethiopia

References
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[2] Ezeh AC, Mberu BU, Emina JO. Stall in fertility decline in Eastern African countries: regional analysis of patterns, determinants and implications. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2009; 364:2991–3007 doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0166.
[3] Casterline JB. The pace of fertility transition: national patterns in the second half of the twentieth century. Popul Dev Rev 2001; 27:17–52.
[4] UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. The Millennium Development Goals Report. New York: UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs; 2007.
[5] Central Statistics Agency, Population Census Commission: Summary and Statistical Report of the 2007. Addis Ababa: Population and Housing Census; 2008
[6] Central Statistical Agency [Ethiopia] and ICF International: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, Maryland, USA: Central Statistical Agency and ICF International; 2012.
[7] Carl H, Mary MK. World Population Data Sheet. Washington D.C: Population Reference Bureau. 2008.
[8] Ferdousi SK, et al: Unmet need of family Planning among rural women in Bangladesh. J Dhaka MedColl 2010, 19(1): 11-15.
[9] AMIN Z. Assessment of Factors Influencing Contraceptives Utilization among Women of Reproductive Age in Jijiga District of Somali National Regional State. Addis Ababa University Master of Public Health (unpublished thesis work), 2007.
[10] Institut National de la Statistique, des Etudes Economiques et Demographiques (INSEED) and ORC Macro International. Chad Demographic and Health Survey, Calverton, Maryland, USA. 2005.
[11] Ali A, Rayis A, Mamoun M, Adam I. Use of family planning methods in Kassala, Eastern Sudan. BMC Research Notes 2011, 4:43. DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-43.
[12] National Institute of Population and Training, Mitra and Associates and ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey Report. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Maryland, USA. 2013.
[13] Ali A, Okud A. Factors affecting unmet need for family planning in Eastern Sudan. BMC Public Health 2013, 13:102. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-102
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[15] Agha S. Is low income a constraint to Contraceptive use among the Pakistani poor J. biosoc. Sci. (2000) 32(2); 161-175.
[16] Mekonnen W, Worku A. Determinants of low family planning use and high unmet need in Butajira district, South Central Ethiopia. Reproductive Health 2011, 8:37. DOI:10.1186/1742-4755-8-37
[17] Mekonnen W, Worku A. Determinants of fertility in rural Ethiopia: the case of Butajira Demographic Surveillance System (DSS). BMC Public Health 2011, 11:782. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-782
[18] Emmelin A., Fantahun M., Berhane Y., Wall S. Byass P. Vulnerability to episodes of extreme Weather: Butajira, Ethiopia, 1998_1999. Global Health Action 2008. DOI: 10.3402/gha.v2i0.1829
[19] Byass P, Fantahun M. Emmelin A. Molla M. Berhane Y. Spatio-temporal clustering of mortality in Butajira HDSS, Ethiopia, from 1987 to 2008. Global Health Action Supplement 1, 2010. DOI: 10.3402/gha.v3i0.5244
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Author Information
  • College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia

  • School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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    Alemayehu Bogale, Wubegzier Mekonnen. (2017). Family Planning Use and Its Determinants Among Pastoralist Communities of Ethiopia. Social Sciences, 6(2), 57-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13

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    Alemayehu Bogale; Wubegzier Mekonnen. Family Planning Use and Its Determinants Among Pastoralist Communities of Ethiopia. Soc. Sci. 2017, 6(2), 57-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13

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    Alemayehu Bogale, Wubegzier Mekonnen. Family Planning Use and Its Determinants Among Pastoralist Communities of Ethiopia. Soc Sci. 2017;6(2):57-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13,
      author = {Alemayehu Bogale and Wubegzier Mekonnen},
      title = {Family Planning Use and Its Determinants Among Pastoralist Communities of Ethiopia},
      journal = {Social Sciences},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {57-62},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ss.20170602.13},
      abstract = {Background: Ethiopia is one of the most populous countries in Africa where only 27% of women in the reproductive age group are currently using modern family planning methods. As a result, Low family planning use remains a major public health problem in the country especially in pastoralist communities in which it was not properly utilized due to limited physical access of the population to health facilities and shortages of staffs. Only few studies assessed the situation of family planning use in pastoralist communities of Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of family planning used and its determinants in pastoralist communities of Ethiopia. Methods: The study used women’s dataset from the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. The survey sampling was designed to provide national, urban/rural, and regional representative estimates of key health and demographic indicators. This study used 2,724 married women of reproductive age group in rural pastoralist communities of Afar, Somali, Gambella and Benishangul Gumuz regions of Ethiopia. The sample was selected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling procedure. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval in binary logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with family planning use. Results: Around one in ten (11%) of married women used any methods of family planning during the survey time. Unmet needs was 22.6% while 427 (15.7%) was attributed for spacing and 187 (6.9%) was for limiting. The total demand for family planning was only 33.6% among pastoralist women in Ethiopia. Women in the richest wealth quintile (AOR=24.28: 95% CI (13.43 - 43.90), and Muslims (AOR=0.39: 95% CI (0.27 - 0.56), residents of Gambela region (AOR=5.31:95%CI (2.81 - 10.04) and living in female headed households (AOR= 0.48: 95%CI (0.30 - 0.78) were found to be associated with family planning used. Conclusion: The prevalence of family planning use was low with only a third of women having the demand for family planning. Sex of household head, wealth quintile and religion and study region, were associated with family planning use. Targeted interventions should be put in place to enhance contraception.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Family Planning Use and Its Determinants Among Pastoralist Communities of Ethiopia
    AU  - Alemayehu Bogale
    AU  - Wubegzier Mekonnen
    Y1  - 2017/04/28
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13
    T2  - Social Sciences
    JF  - Social Sciences
    JO  - Social Sciences
    SP  - 57
    EP  - 62
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-988X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20170602.13
    AB  - Background: Ethiopia is one of the most populous countries in Africa where only 27% of women in the reproductive age group are currently using modern family planning methods. As a result, Low family planning use remains a major public health problem in the country especially in pastoralist communities in which it was not properly utilized due to limited physical access of the population to health facilities and shortages of staffs. Only few studies assessed the situation of family planning use in pastoralist communities of Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of family planning used and its determinants in pastoralist communities of Ethiopia. Methods: The study used women’s dataset from the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. The survey sampling was designed to provide national, urban/rural, and regional representative estimates of key health and demographic indicators. This study used 2,724 married women of reproductive age group in rural pastoralist communities of Afar, Somali, Gambella and Benishangul Gumuz regions of Ethiopia. The sample was selected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling procedure. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval in binary logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with family planning use. Results: Around one in ten (11%) of married women used any methods of family planning during the survey time. Unmet needs was 22.6% while 427 (15.7%) was attributed for spacing and 187 (6.9%) was for limiting. The total demand for family planning was only 33.6% among pastoralist women in Ethiopia. Women in the richest wealth quintile (AOR=24.28: 95% CI (13.43 - 43.90), and Muslims (AOR=0.39: 95% CI (0.27 - 0.56), residents of Gambela region (AOR=5.31:95%CI (2.81 - 10.04) and living in female headed households (AOR= 0.48: 95%CI (0.30 - 0.78) were found to be associated with family planning used. Conclusion: The prevalence of family planning use was low with only a third of women having the demand for family planning. Sex of household head, wealth quintile and religion and study region, were associated with family planning use. Targeted interventions should be put in place to enhance contraception.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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