Envy is a common and complex emotion and a concept with religious specificity; however, investigating envy and its real-life outcomes is limited in Egypt. To this end, the current study examined the relationship between patterns of envy (benign and malicious) and achievement motivation. Moreover, the study examined the moderating effect of self-esteem in that relationship. A convenience sample of 248 Egyptian participants (45 men and 203 women), Mean participant age was 32.15 years (standard deviation = 9.75), with an age range of 15–70 years. Participants responded to three questionnaires assessing the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS), The Achievement Motivation Measure (AMM) and the Rosenberg's scale for self-esteem. Results indicated that a significant positive relationship exists between benign envy and achievement motivation and with its components (Achievement thoughts and behaviors). However, no significant relationship was observed between malicious envy and achievement motivation. A significant interaction effect was observed between malicious envy and self-esteem on achievement motivation. The findings of this study will contribute to distinguishing between two patterns of envy and their outcomes through assistance in real life by improvement one's personal beliefs to reduce the negative feelings result of envy. These findings were discussed in the light of the extant theoretical and empirical literature. Furthermore, limitation and conclusion are also stated.
| Published in | American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 9, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11 |
| Page(s) | 145-149 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Envy, Benign Envy, Malicious Envy, Achievement Motivation, Self-esteem, Egypt
| [1] | Abdel-Khalek, A. M. (2016). Introduction to the psychology of self-esteem. Self-esteem: perspectives, influences, and improvement strategies, 1-17. |
| [2] | Abdel-Khalek, A., Korayem, A., & El-Nayal, M. (2012). Self-esteem among college students from four Arab countries. Psychological Reports, 110, 297-303. |
| [3] | Atkinson, J. W. (1957). Motivational determinants of risk-taking behavior. Psychological review, 64 (6p1), 359. |
| [4] | Brockner, J., Wiesenfeld, B. M., & Diekmann, K. A. (2009). 4 Towards a “Fairer” Conception of Process Fairness: Why, When and How More may not Always Be Better than Less. The Academy of Management Annals, 3 (1), 183-216. |
| [5] | Cohen-Charash, Y. (2009). Episodic envy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39 (9), 2128-2173. |
| [6] | Crusius, J., Gonzalez, M. F., Lange, J., & Cohen-Charash, Y. (2020). Envy: An adversarial review and comparison of two competing views. Emotion Review, 12 (1), 3-21. |
| [7] | De Vries, M. F. K. (1992). The motivating role of envy: A forgotten factor in management theory. Administration & Society, 24 (1), 41-60. |
| [8] | Duarte, J. L. (2011). The effects of scarcity and self-esteem on the experience of envy (Doctoral dissertation, Arizona State University). |
| [9] | Eissa, G., & Wyland, R. (2016). Keeping up with the Joneses: The role of envy, relationship conflict, and job performance in social undermining. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 23 (1), 55-65. |
| [10] | Erdil, O., & Müceldili, B. (2014). The effects of envy on job engagement and turnover intention. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 447-454. |
| [11] | Gershman, B. (2014). The two sides of envy. Journal of Economic Growth, 19 (4), 407-438. |
| [12] | Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 207-219). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice hall. |
| [13] | Hill, S, E., DelPriore, D, J., & Vaughan, P, W. (2011). The cognitive consequences of envy: attention memory, and self-regulatory depletion. Journal of personality and social psychologi. 101 (4), 653-666. |
| [14] | Kernis, M. H. (2003). Toward a conceptualization of optimal self-esteem. Psychological inquiry, 14 (1), 1-26. |
| [15] | Khan, A. K., Peretti, J. M., & Quratulain, S. (2009, September). Envy and counterproductive work behaviors: Is more fairness always preferred. In 20th AGRH Conference (9th-11th Septembre 2009, Toulouse, France) of the French-speaking HR/OB Research Scholarly Association. |
| [16] | Lange, J., & Crusius, J. (2015). Dispositional envy revisited: Unraveling the motivational dynamics of benign and malicious envy. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 41 (2), 284-294. |
| [17] | Le, H. T. (2015). The Role of Envy in Customer Purchasing Choice with A Focus On Fashion Industry. |
| [18] | Lee, K., & Duffy, M. K. (2019). A functional model of workplace envy and job performance: When do employees capitalize on envy by learning from envied targets?. Academy of Management Journal, 62 (4), 1085-1110. |
| [19] | Loureiro, S. M. C., de Plaza, M. A. P., & Taghian, M. (2020). The effect of benign and malicious envies on desire to buy luxury fashion items. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52. |
| [20] | McClelland, D. C. (1965). Toward a theory of motive acquisition. American psychologist, 20 (5), 321. |
| [21] | Parrott, W. G., & Smith, R. H. (1993). Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy. Journal of personality and social psychology, 64 (6), 906. |
| [22] | Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self- image. Princeton, NJ. |
| [23] | Schaubroeck, J., & Lam, S. S. (2004). Comparing lots before and after: Promotion rejectees' invidious reactions to promotees. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 94 (1), 33-47. |
| [24] | Schaubroeck, J., Shaw, J. D., Duffy, M. K., & Mitra, A. (2008). An under-met and over-met expectations model of employee reactions to merit raises. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93 (2), 424. |
| [25] | Shu, C. Y., & Lazatkhan, J. (2017). Effect of leader-member exchange on employee envy and work behavior moderated by self-esteem and neuroticism. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 33 (1), 69-81. |
| [26] | Sitinjak, C. (2016, February). Envious increasing student’s academic performance. In Proceeding from the ASEAN Conference: 2nd Psychology & Humanity,“Optimalizing Human Strenght for Productivity and Well Being (pp. 716-722). |
| [27] | Smith, R. H., & Kim, S. H. (2007). Comprehending envy. Psychological bulletin, 133 (1), 46. |
| [28] | Smith, R. L., Karaman, M. A., Balkin, R. S., & Talwar, S. (2020). Psychometric properties and factor analyses of the achievement motivation measure. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 48 (3), 418-429. |
| [29] | Tai, K., Narayanan, J., & McAllister, D. J. (2012). Envy as pain: Rethinking the nature of envy and its implications for employees and organizations. Academy of Management Review, 37 (1), 107-129. |
| [30] | Thompson, G., Glasø, L., & Martinsen, Ø. (2016). Antecedents and consequences of envy. The Journal of social psychology, 156 (2), 139-153. |
| [31] | Van de Ven, N. (2017). Envy and admiration: Emotion and motivation following upward social comparison. Cognition and Emotion, 31 (1), 193-200. |
| [32] | Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2009). Leveling up and down: the experiences of benign and malicious envy. Emotion, 9 (3), 419. |
| [33] | Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2011). Why envy outperforms admiration. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 37 (6), 784-795. |
| [34] | Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2012). Appraisal patterns of envy and related emotions. Motivation and emotion, 36 (2), 195-204. |
| [35] | Vrabel, J. K., Zeigler-Hill, V., & Southard, A. C. (2018). Self-esteem and envy: Is state self-esteem instability associated with the benign and malicious forms of envy?. Personality and Individual Differences, 123, 100-104. |
APA Style
Nayera Mohamed Shousha. (2020). I Deserve What You Have: The Relationship Between Pattern of Envy and Achievement Motivation in Egypt: The Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 9(6), 145-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11
ACS Style
Nayera Mohamed Shousha. I Deserve What You Have: The Relationship Between Pattern of Envy and Achievement Motivation in Egypt: The Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2020, 9(6), 145-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11
AMA Style
Nayera Mohamed Shousha. I Deserve What You Have: The Relationship Between Pattern of Envy and Achievement Motivation in Egypt: The Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem. Am J Appl Psychol. 2020;9(6):145-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11,
author = {Nayera Mohamed Shousha},
title = {I Deserve What You Have: The Relationship Between Pattern of Envy and Achievement Motivation in Egypt: The Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem},
journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {145-149},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20200906.11},
abstract = {Envy is a common and complex emotion and a concept with religious specificity; however, investigating envy and its real-life outcomes is limited in Egypt. To this end, the current study examined the relationship between patterns of envy (benign and malicious) and achievement motivation. Moreover, the study examined the moderating effect of self-esteem in that relationship. A convenience sample of 248 Egyptian participants (45 men and 203 women), Mean participant age was 32.15 years (standard deviation = 9.75), with an age range of 15–70 years. Participants responded to three questionnaires assessing the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS), The Achievement Motivation Measure (AMM) and the Rosenberg's scale for self-esteem. Results indicated that a significant positive relationship exists between benign envy and achievement motivation and with its components (Achievement thoughts and behaviors). However, no significant relationship was observed between malicious envy and achievement motivation. A significant interaction effect was observed between malicious envy and self-esteem on achievement motivation. The findings of this study will contribute to distinguishing between two patterns of envy and their outcomes through assistance in real life by improvement one's personal beliefs to reduce the negative feelings result of envy. These findings were discussed in the light of the extant theoretical and empirical literature. Furthermore, limitation and conclusion are also stated.},
year = {2020}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - I Deserve What You Have: The Relationship Between Pattern of Envy and Achievement Motivation in Egypt: The Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem AU - Nayera Mohamed Shousha Y1 - 2020/11/04 PY - 2020 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11 T2 - American Journal of Applied Psychology JF - American Journal of Applied Psychology JO - American Journal of Applied Psychology SP - 145 EP - 149 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5672 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20200906.11 AB - Envy is a common and complex emotion and a concept with religious specificity; however, investigating envy and its real-life outcomes is limited in Egypt. To this end, the current study examined the relationship between patterns of envy (benign and malicious) and achievement motivation. Moreover, the study examined the moderating effect of self-esteem in that relationship. A convenience sample of 248 Egyptian participants (45 men and 203 women), Mean participant age was 32.15 years (standard deviation = 9.75), with an age range of 15–70 years. Participants responded to three questionnaires assessing the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS), The Achievement Motivation Measure (AMM) and the Rosenberg's scale for self-esteem. Results indicated that a significant positive relationship exists between benign envy and achievement motivation and with its components (Achievement thoughts and behaviors). However, no significant relationship was observed between malicious envy and achievement motivation. A significant interaction effect was observed between malicious envy and self-esteem on achievement motivation. The findings of this study will contribute to distinguishing between two patterns of envy and their outcomes through assistance in real life by improvement one's personal beliefs to reduce the negative feelings result of envy. These findings were discussed in the light of the extant theoretical and empirical literature. Furthermore, limitation and conclusion are also stated. VL - 9 IS - 6 ER -
Information
Email: