About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1

Franco Scalenghe

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14

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About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1

Franco Scalenghe

Received: 5 December 2015 Accepted: 14 December 2015 Published: 8 January 2016

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Abstract

Only recently the study of human ‘Proairesis’ has become a respected area of scientific research. However, still today the very starting point of any such inquiry appears exceedingly difficult because the nature of human proairesis seems inherently refractory to explanation, especially in materialistic terms. Following the fundamental suggestions of Epictetus and Euler, the major contribution of this paper consists in the mathematical demonstration that it is possible to understand and treat the human ‘Proairesis’ (the famous ‘egg’ of the Montefeltro altarpiece by Piero della Francesca) as a material entity having the Arithmetic of a natural exponential function written in complex numbers and the Geometry of a square inscribed in a circumference (the famous ‘Homo Vitruvianus’ of Leonardo da Vinci).

DOI	10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14
Published in	International Journal of Philosophy (Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015)
Page(s)	72-82
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nature of Things, Proairesis, Complex Numbers, Natural Exponential Function, Euler Identity, Science of Happiness

References

[1]	Franco Scalenghe. “Proairesis, Proairetic and Aproairetic: Synopsis of All the Passages Containing these Terms in the ‘Discourses’ and the ‘Manual’ of Epictetus”. International Journal of Philosophy. Vol. 3, No. 3, 2015, pp. 24-33. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20150303.11”.
[2]	William A. Oldfather (Ed.) “Epictetus. The discourses as reported by Arrian, the Manual, and the Fragments”. Heinemann, 1979. Franco Scalenghe’s Italian and English translations of all the works of Epictetus are available online at www.epitteto.com.
[3]	Danilo Babusci, Giuseppe Dattoli, Emanuele Di Palma, Elio Sabia. “Complex-type numbers and generalizations of the Euler identity”. Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras, 2012, 22. Issue 2: 271-281.
[4]	Franco Scalenghe. ‘La proairesi e il mistero della “Pala di Brera” di Piero della Francesca’ is available at www.epitteto.com.
[5]	Marcus Frings. “The golden section in architectural theory”. Nexus Network Journal 4, no. 1 (2002): 9-32.
[6]	Galileo Galilei. Le Opere di Galileo Galilei, Edizione Nazionale (Italian) a cura di Favaro A. (The Works of Galileo Galilei, National Edition, 20 vols.), Florence: Barbera, 1890–1909; reprinted 1929–1939 and 1964–1966. ISBN 88-09-20881-1.
[7]	Isaac Newton. The principia: mathematical principles of natural philosophy. Univ. of California Press, 1999.
[8]	Gregor Mendel. Versuche über Pﬂanzenhybriden. Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereines in Brunn 4: 3, 1866, 44.
[9]	Galileo Galilei. Il Saggiatore, Cap. 6, p. 33. Einaudi Ed. 1977.
[10]	Plato. ‘Phaedrus’ Loeb Classical Library, Heinemann, 1982. Vol. I, p. 412-579.
[11]	Plato. ‘Symposium’ Loeb Classical Library, Heinemann, 1975. Vol. III, p. 80-245.
[12]	Sigmund Freud and Anna Freud. Complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud. Random House, 2001.
[13]	Plato. ‘The Republic’ Book IX p. 334-417 Loeb Classical Library, Heinemann, 1980. Vol. VI.
[14]	Ioannes ab Arnim. Stoicorum veterum fragmenta. in aedibus BG Teubneri, 1905. Franco Scalenghe’s Italian translation of all the Greek fragments of the SVF is available at www.epitteto.com.
[15]	Franco Scalenghe’s dialogue “The proairesis” is available at: http://www.epitteto.com/Dialogue%201.html.
[16]	Franco Scalenghe’s dialogue “Gyges: Diairesis and Counterdiairesis, Good and Evil” is available at: http://www.epitteto.com/Dialogue%205.html.
[17]	Franco Scalenghe’s dialogue “The nature of things” is available at: http://www.epitteto.com/Dialogue%204.html.
[18]	Franco Scalenghe’s dialogue “Medea: Diairesis, Antidiairesis and the Mysterious Judge” is available at: http://www.epitteto.com/Dialogue%202.html.
[19]	Franco Scalenghe’s dialogue “The diairesis at work” is available at: http://www.epitteto.com/Dialogue%203.html.
[20]	Franco Scalenghe’s Italian translation (with comments) of the ‘Meditations’ of Marcus Aurelius is available at: http://www.epitteto.com/files/MARCO%20AURELIO.pdf.
[21]	Franco Scalenghe. “Epictetus: Diairesis and Contradiairesis” in ‘Prometeus’ Ano 7, Numero 15, Janeiro-Junho 2014, E-ISSN: 2176-5960.

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Franco Scalenghe. (2016). About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1. International Journal of Philosophy, 3(6), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14

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Franco Scalenghe. About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1. Int. J. Philos. 2016, 3(6), 72-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14

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Franco Scalenghe. About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1. Int J Philos. 2016;3(6):72-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14,
  author = {Franco Scalenghe},
  title = {About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1},
  journal = {International Journal of Philosophy},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {72-82},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijp.20150306.14},
  abstract = {Only recently the study of human ‘Proairesis’ has become a respected area of scientific research. However, still today the very starting point of any such inquiry appears exceedingly difficult because the nature of human proairesis seems inherently refractory to explanation, especially in materialistic terms. Following the fundamental suggestions of Epictetus and Euler, the major contribution of this paper consists in the mathematical demonstration that it is possible to understand and treat the human ‘Proairesis’ (the famous ‘egg’ of the Montefeltro altarpiece by Piero della Francesca) as a material entity having the Arithmetic of a natural exponential function written in complex numbers and the Geometry of a square inscribed in a circumference (the famous ‘Homo Vitruvianus’ of Leonardo da Vinci).},
 year = {2016}
}

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T1  - About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1
AU  - Franco Scalenghe
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Author Information

Franco Scalenghe

Independent Scholar, Former Member of the Laboratorio Internazionale di Genetica e Biofisica (LIGB) of the CNR (National Research Council), Naples, Italy

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Franco Scalenghe. (2016). About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1. International Journal of Philosophy, 3(6), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14

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ACS Style

Franco Scalenghe. About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1. Int. J. Philos. 2016, 3(6), 72-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14

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AMA Style

Franco Scalenghe. About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1. Int J Philos. 2016;3(6):72-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14,
  author = {Franco Scalenghe},
  title = {About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1},
  journal = {International Journal of Philosophy},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {72-82},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijp.20150306.14},
  abstract = {Only recently the study of human ‘Proairesis’ has become a respected area of scientific research. However, still today the very starting point of any such inquiry appears exceedingly difficult because the nature of human proairesis seems inherently refractory to explanation, especially in materialistic terms. Following the fundamental suggestions of Epictetus and Euler, the major contribution of this paper consists in the mathematical demonstration that it is possible to understand and treat the human ‘Proairesis’ (the famous ‘egg’ of the Montefeltro altarpiece by Piero della Francesca) as a material entity having the Arithmetic of a natural exponential function written in complex numbers and the Geometry of a square inscribed in a circumference (the famous ‘Homo Vitruvianus’ of Leonardo da Vinci).},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - About the Arithmetic and the Geometry of Human Proairesis and the Natural Asymmetry by Which Unhappiness Wins the Game Against Happiness 3 to 1
AU  - Franco Scalenghe
Y1  - 2016/01/08
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14
T2  - International Journal of Philosophy
JF  - International Journal of Philosophy
JO  - International Journal of Philosophy
SP  - 72
EP  - 82
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7455
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20150306.14
AB  - Only recently the study of human ‘Proairesis’ has become a respected area of scientific research. However, still today the very starting point of any such inquiry appears exceedingly difficult because the nature of human proairesis seems inherently refractory to explanation, especially in materialistic terms. Following the fundamental suggestions of Epictetus and Euler, the major contribution of this paper consists in the mathematical demonstration that it is possible to understand and treat the human ‘Proairesis’ (the famous ‘egg’ of the Montefeltro altarpiece by Piero della Francesca) as a material entity having the Arithmetic of a natural exponential function written in complex numbers and the Geometry of a square inscribed in a circumference (the famous ‘Homo Vitruvianus’ of Leonardo da Vinci).
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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