Emmer wheat is produced mostly in the highlands of Ethiopia, including Bale. There is a significant amount of emmer wheat in Bale zone during both bona (main) and gena (short) cropping seasons and is one of the major crops in the region. However, its production and productivity is curtailed by leaf rust which is caused by Puccinia tritici and nitrogen fertilizer management. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on emmer wheat production and to evaluate integrated effect of nitrogen fertilizer and fungicide application on disease severity, yield and yield related traits of emmer wheat at two locations from 2012-2014 main cropping season. Treatments were composed of one improved variety (Sinana-01), fungicide spray timing: at growth stages of (GS) 33-36, 33-36&59-69, nil and complete control (at 7 days interval) and nitrogen fertilizer: at the rate of 0, 23, 46 and 69 kg/ha. Plots were set in factorial arrangement laid in randomized complete block design in three replications. There was difference among the four levels of N-fertilizer application in grain yield and leaf rust severity. The highest and lowest grain yield was obtained from 0-23 kg/ha and 46-69 kg/ha N-fertilizer, respectively. Maximum mean disease severity was recorded from maximum N-fertilizer application. Difference was observed among fungicide treatments in controlling leaf rust. Highest mean leaf rust severity was recorded on nil fungicide application while the lowest from fungicide application at 7-days interval (complete control). Optimum level of nitrogen fertilizer (0-23 kg/ha) and at least one time spray of fungicide should be recommended for emmer wheat production in Bale.
| Published in | Plant (Volume 4, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11 |
| Page(s) | 8-13 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Emmer Wheat, Fungicide, Leaf Rust, N-fertilizer, Puccinia tritici f.sp. tritici, Severity, Triticum Diccocom
| [1] | Beteselassie N, Fininsa C, Badebo A. 2007. Sources of Resistance to Stem Rust (Pucciniagraminis f. sp. tritici) in Ethiopian Tetraploid Wheat Accessions. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 54: 337-343. |
| [2] | BOSTID (Board on science and technology for international development, National Research Council (BSTIDNRC) (1996). Lost crops of Africa, Vol. I Grains. The National Academy of science. National academic press, Washington D. C USA. |
| [3] | Damania AB, Hakims and Moualla MY. (1992). Evolution of variation in T. dicoccon of wheat improvement in stress environment. Hereditas 116: 163-66. |
| [4] | Demissie A and Hailegiorgis M. (1985). “Belg” collecting in Bale administrative region. PGRC/E-ILCA Germplasm Newsletter 10: 6-11. |
| [5] | Feldman M. (1979). Wheats (Triticum spp.). Evolution of Crop Plants. Simmonds N. W (ed.) Longman Group Limited, London. |
| [6] | Helback H. (1970). Commentary on the phylogenesis of Triticumand Hordeum. Econ. Bot. 20: 350-60. |
| [7] | ICARDA. (1991). Genetic Resource Unit Annual Report for 1990. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA. |
| [8] | Nesbitt M and Smuael D. (1996). From staple crop to extinction? The archaeology and history of the hulled wheat. In: Hulled wheats, promoting the conservation and used of underutilized and neglected crops. |
| [9] | Peterson RF, Campbell AB and Hannah AE. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity of leaves and stem of cereals. Canadian J. Res. Sect. C. 26: 496-500. |
| [10] | Phillip S. (1995). Poaceae (Gramineae). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Vol. 7. Hederg. I and Edwards S., (eds.). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Uppsala, Sweden. |
| [11] | Teklu Y, Hammer K and Röder MS. 2007. Simple sequence repeats marker polymorphism in emmer wheat (Triticumdicoccon Schrank): Analysis of genetic diversity and differentiation. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 54: 543-554. |
| [12] | Tesemma T and Balay G. (1991). Aspects of Ethiopian tetraploid wheat with emphasis on durum wheat genetics and breeding Research. A historical perspective (Gebremariam, H., Tanner, D. G, and Hulluka, M., (eds.) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [13] | Tesfaye K. 2000. Morphological and Biochemical Diversity of Emmer Wheat (Triticumdicoccum) in Ethiopia M.Sc. Thesis Addis Ababa University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Applied Genetics Section. |
| [14] | Tesfaye K, Asfaw Z and Bekele E. 2002. Agroethnobotanical Study of Emmer Wheat (Triticumdicoccum) in Southeastern Highlands of Ethiopia. A paper presented at the workshop of 8th International of Congress of International Society of Ethnobiology. |
APA Style
Wubishet Alemu, Tilahun Bayisa. (2016). Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fungicide Application on Disease Severity, Yield and Yield Related Traits of Emmer Wheat (Triticum diccocom L.) in Highlands of Bale, Southeastern Ethiopia. Plant, 4(2), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11
ACS Style
Wubishet Alemu; Tilahun Bayisa. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fungicide Application on Disease Severity, Yield and Yield Related Traits of Emmer Wheat (Triticum diccocom L.) in Highlands of Bale, Southeastern Ethiopia. Plant. 2016, 4(2), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11
AMA Style
Wubishet Alemu, Tilahun Bayisa. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fungicide Application on Disease Severity, Yield and Yield Related Traits of Emmer Wheat (Triticum diccocom L.) in Highlands of Bale, Southeastern Ethiopia. Plant. 2016;4(2):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11,
author = {Wubishet Alemu and Tilahun Bayisa},
title = {Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fungicide Application on Disease Severity, Yield and Yield Related Traits of Emmer Wheat (Triticum diccocom L.) in Highlands of Bale, Southeastern Ethiopia},
journal = {Plant},
volume = {4},
number = {2},
pages = {8-13},
doi = {10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plant.20160402.11},
abstract = {Emmer wheat is produced mostly in the highlands of Ethiopia, including Bale. There is a significant amount of emmer wheat in Bale zone during both bona (main) and gena (short) cropping seasons and is one of the major crops in the region. However, its production and productivity is curtailed by leaf rust which is caused by Puccinia tritici and nitrogen fertilizer management. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on emmer wheat production and to evaluate integrated effect of nitrogen fertilizer and fungicide application on disease severity, yield and yield related traits of emmer wheat at two locations from 2012-2014 main cropping season. Treatments were composed of one improved variety (Sinana-01), fungicide spray timing: at growth stages of (GS) 33-36, 33-36&59-69, nil and complete control (at 7 days interval) and nitrogen fertilizer: at the rate of 0, 23, 46 and 69 kg/ha. Plots were set in factorial arrangement laid in randomized complete block design in three replications. There was difference among the four levels of N-fertilizer application in grain yield and leaf rust severity. The highest and lowest grain yield was obtained from 0-23 kg/ha and 46-69 kg/ha N-fertilizer, respectively. Maximum mean disease severity was recorded from maximum N-fertilizer application. Difference was observed among fungicide treatments in controlling leaf rust. Highest mean leaf rust severity was recorded on nil fungicide application while the lowest from fungicide application at 7-days interval (complete control). Optimum level of nitrogen fertilizer (0-23 kg/ha) and at least one time spray of fungicide should be recommended for emmer wheat production in Bale.},
year = {2016}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fungicide Application on Disease Severity, Yield and Yield Related Traits of Emmer Wheat (Triticum diccocom L.) in Highlands of Bale, Southeastern Ethiopia AU - Wubishet Alemu AU - Tilahun Bayisa Y1 - 2016/08/06 PY - 2016 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11 DO - 10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11 T2 - Plant JF - Plant JO - Plant SP - 8 EP - 13 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2331-0677 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20160402.11 AB - Emmer wheat is produced mostly in the highlands of Ethiopia, including Bale. There is a significant amount of emmer wheat in Bale zone during both bona (main) and gena (short) cropping seasons and is one of the major crops in the region. However, its production and productivity is curtailed by leaf rust which is caused by Puccinia tritici and nitrogen fertilizer management. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on emmer wheat production and to evaluate integrated effect of nitrogen fertilizer and fungicide application on disease severity, yield and yield related traits of emmer wheat at two locations from 2012-2014 main cropping season. Treatments were composed of one improved variety (Sinana-01), fungicide spray timing: at growth stages of (GS) 33-36, 33-36&59-69, nil and complete control (at 7 days interval) and nitrogen fertilizer: at the rate of 0, 23, 46 and 69 kg/ha. Plots were set in factorial arrangement laid in randomized complete block design in three replications. There was difference among the four levels of N-fertilizer application in grain yield and leaf rust severity. The highest and lowest grain yield was obtained from 0-23 kg/ha and 46-69 kg/ha N-fertilizer, respectively. Maximum mean disease severity was recorded from maximum N-fertilizer application. Difference was observed among fungicide treatments in controlling leaf rust. Highest mean leaf rust severity was recorded on nil fungicide application while the lowest from fungicide application at 7-days interval (complete control). Optimum level of nitrogen fertilizer (0-23 kg/ha) and at least one time spray of fungicide should be recommended for emmer wheat production in Bale. VL - 4 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: