Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Application of Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type D to Control Plateau Zokors in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Pastoral Areas

Received: 31 December 2018    Accepted: 01 February 2019    Published: 17 May 2019
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Abstract

The feasibility of Clostridium botulinum toxin type D as a novel biological rodenticide to control plateau zokors was explored. In this study, Horn’s method was used to determine the gavage LD50 of C. botulinum toxin type D to plateau zokors. Modified Karber metho was employed to determine the oral LD50 of granular and wheat baits. Results showed that the gavage LD50 was 5840 MLD/kg (the reliable line is 3430–9950 MLD/kg) and the oral LD50 values of granular and wheat baits were 0.8339 and 1.319 g/kg, respectively, which indicated that plateau zokors are sensitive to this toxin. The palatability of wheat and homemade granular baits to plateau zokors was measured. Selective feeding coefficients were 1.33 and 1.10, whereas nonselective feeding coefficients were 0.81 and 0.60, respectively. A plot experiment of different toxin concentrations to kill zokors showed that homemade granular bait (10000 MLD/g) had the best effect. The average efficiency rate was 89.83%. This study showed the feasibility of controlling plateau zokors by using botulinum toxin type D.

DOI 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12
Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 2, March 2019)
Page(s) 40-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type D, Rodent Control, Plateau Zokor, LD50

References
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Author Information
  • Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China; Department of Animal Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China

  • Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China

  • Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China

  • Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China

  • Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China

  • Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China

  • Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China

  • Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China

  • Department of Animal Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China

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  • APA Style

    Shengqing Li, Xiyun Zhang, Huaixi Liu, Tongzuo Zhang, Guoyuan Hu, et al. (2019). Application of Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type D to Control Plateau Zokors in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Pastoral Areas. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 7(2), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12

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    ACS Style

    Shengqing Li; Xiyun Zhang; Huaixi Liu; Tongzuo Zhang; Guoyuan Hu, et al. Application of Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type D to Control Plateau Zokors in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Pastoral Areas. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2019, 7(2), 40-45. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12

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    AMA Style

    Shengqing Li, Xiyun Zhang, Huaixi Liu, Tongzuo Zhang, Guoyuan Hu, et al. Application of Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type D to Control Plateau Zokors in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Pastoral Areas. Anim Vet Sci. 2019;7(2):40-45. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12,
      author = {Shengqing Li and Xiyun Zhang and Huaixi Liu and Tongzuo Zhang and Guoyuan Hu and Zhining Li and Tingting Wang and Rong Huang and Yanming Zhang},
      title = {Application of Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type D to Control Plateau Zokors in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Pastoral Areas},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {7},
      number = {2},
      pages = {40-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20190702.12},
      abstract = {The feasibility of Clostridium botulinum toxin type D as a novel biological rodenticide to control plateau zokors was explored. In this study, Horn’s method was used to determine the gavage LD50 of C. botulinum toxin type D to plateau zokors. Modified Karber metho was employed to determine the oral LD50 of granular and wheat baits. Results showed that the gavage LD50 was 5840 MLD/kg (the reliable line is 3430–9950 MLD/kg) and the oral LD50 values of granular and wheat baits were 0.8339 and 1.319 g/kg, respectively, which indicated that plateau zokors are sensitive to this toxin. The palatability of wheat and homemade granular baits to plateau zokors was measured. Selective feeding coefficients were 1.33 and 1.10, whereas nonselective feeding coefficients were 0.81 and 0.60, respectively. A plot experiment of different toxin concentrations to kill zokors showed that homemade granular bait (10000 MLD/g) had the best effect. The average efficiency rate was 89.83%. This study showed the feasibility of controlling plateau zokors by using botulinum toxin type D.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Application of Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Type D to Control Plateau Zokors in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Pastoral Areas
    AU  - Shengqing Li
    AU  - Xiyun Zhang
    AU  - Huaixi Liu
    AU  - Tongzuo Zhang
    AU  - Guoyuan Hu
    AU  - Zhining Li
    AU  - Tingting Wang
    AU  - Rong Huang
    AU  - Yanming Zhang
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12
    T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    SP  - 40
    EP  - 45
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5850
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.12
    AB  - The feasibility of Clostridium botulinum toxin type D as a novel biological rodenticide to control plateau zokors was explored. In this study, Horn’s method was used to determine the gavage LD50 of C. botulinum toxin type D to plateau zokors. Modified Karber metho was employed to determine the oral LD50 of granular and wheat baits. Results showed that the gavage LD50 was 5840 MLD/kg (the reliable line is 3430–9950 MLD/kg) and the oral LD50 values of granular and wheat baits were 0.8339 and 1.319 g/kg, respectively, which indicated that plateau zokors are sensitive to this toxin. The palatability of wheat and homemade granular baits to plateau zokors was measured. Selective feeding coefficients were 1.33 and 1.10, whereas nonselective feeding coefficients were 0.81 and 0.60, respectively. A plot experiment of different toxin concentrations to kill zokors showed that homemade granular bait (10000 MLD/g) had the best effect. The average efficiency rate was 89.83%. This study showed the feasibility of controlling plateau zokors by using botulinum toxin type D.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 2
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