American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

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Functional Annotation and Classification of the Hypothetical Proteins of Neisseria meningitides H44/76

Received: 28 August 2015    Accepted: 22 September 2015    Published: 13 October 2015
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Abstract

Neisseria meningitides is a parasitic gram-negative bacterium of the family Neisseriaceae (Proteobacteria) and it causes many human diseases including meningitidis and septicemia. One of its strains, H44/76, has natural transformation capacity, thus it is important to identify possible novel drug targets and to develop serogroup B vaccines against this opportunist pathogen. In the complete genome of N. meningitides strain H44/76, there are 1961 coding genes out of which 544 encodes for hypothetical proteins (HPs). Due to their less homology and relatedness to other known proteins, HPs may serve as potential drug targets. We performed extensive functional analysis of these HPs with the help of Bioinformatics tools and assigned functions to 235 HPs, out of which 202 were annotated with high confidence whereas 33 with less confidence. In this study, we have used a combination of latest tools to acquire information about the conserved regions, families, pathways, interactions, localization and virulence related to a particular protein. We also categorized these proteins as transporters, regulators, enzymes, binding proteins, virulent proteins. The outcome of this intensive study may help in the comprehensive understanding of pathogenesis, drug resistance, adaptability to host, epidemic causes and drug discovery for treatment of the diseases.

DOI 10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16
Published in American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015)
Page(s) 57-64
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Neisseria meningitides, Hypothetical Proteins, Functional Annotation, Drug Targets

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Botany, Hans Raj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

  • Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, (University of Delhi), Kalkaji, New Delhi India

  • Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, (University of Delhi), Kalkaji, New Delhi India

  • Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, (University of Delhi), Kalkaji, New Delhi India

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    Archana Singh, Bharti Singal, Onkar Nath, Indrakant Kumar Singh. (2015). Functional Annotation and Classification of the Hypothetical Proteins of Neisseria meningitides H44/76. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 3(5), 57-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16

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    Archana Singh; Bharti Singal; Onkar Nath; Indrakant Kumar Singh. Functional Annotation and Classification of the Hypothetical Proteins of Neisseria meningitides H44/76. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2015, 3(5), 57-64. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16

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    AMA Style

    Archana Singh, Bharti Singal, Onkar Nath, Indrakant Kumar Singh. Functional Annotation and Classification of the Hypothetical Proteins of Neisseria meningitides H44/76. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2015;3(5):57-64. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16,
      author = {Archana Singh and Bharti Singal and Onkar Nath and Indrakant Kumar Singh},
      title = {Functional Annotation and Classification of the Hypothetical Proteins of Neisseria meningitides H44/76},
      journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {5},
      pages = {57-64},
      doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20150305.16},
      abstract = {Neisseria meningitides is a parasitic gram-negative bacterium of the family Neisseriaceae (Proteobacteria) and it causes many human diseases including meningitidis and septicemia. One of its strains, H44/76, has natural transformation capacity, thus it is important to identify possible novel drug targets and to develop serogroup B vaccines against this opportunist pathogen. In the complete genome of N. meningitides strain H44/76, there are 1961 coding genes out of which 544 encodes for hypothetical proteins (HPs). Due to their less homology and relatedness to other known proteins, HPs may serve as potential drug targets. We performed extensive functional analysis of these HPs with the help of Bioinformatics tools and assigned functions to 235 HPs, out of which 202 were annotated with high confidence whereas 33 with less confidence. In this study, we have used a combination of latest tools to acquire information about the conserved regions, families, pathways, interactions, localization and virulence related to a particular protein. We also categorized these proteins as transporters, regulators, enzymes, binding proteins, virulent proteins. The outcome of this intensive study may help in the comprehensive understanding of pathogenesis, drug resistance, adaptability to host, epidemic causes and drug discovery for treatment of the diseases.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Functional Annotation and Classification of the Hypothetical Proteins of Neisseria meningitides H44/76
    AU  - Archana Singh
    AU  - Bharti Singal
    AU  - Onkar Nath
    AU  - Indrakant Kumar Singh
    Y1  - 2015/10/13
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16
    T2  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
    JF  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
    JO  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
    SP  - 57
    EP  - 64
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5893
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150305.16
    AB  - Neisseria meningitides is a parasitic gram-negative bacterium of the family Neisseriaceae (Proteobacteria) and it causes many human diseases including meningitidis and septicemia. One of its strains, H44/76, has natural transformation capacity, thus it is important to identify possible novel drug targets and to develop serogroup B vaccines against this opportunist pathogen. In the complete genome of N. meningitides strain H44/76, there are 1961 coding genes out of which 544 encodes for hypothetical proteins (HPs). Due to their less homology and relatedness to other known proteins, HPs may serve as potential drug targets. We performed extensive functional analysis of these HPs with the help of Bioinformatics tools and assigned functions to 235 HPs, out of which 202 were annotated with high confidence whereas 33 with less confidence. In this study, we have used a combination of latest tools to acquire information about the conserved regions, families, pathways, interactions, localization and virulence related to a particular protein. We also categorized these proteins as transporters, regulators, enzymes, binding proteins, virulent proteins. The outcome of this intensive study may help in the comprehensive understanding of pathogenesis, drug resistance, adaptability to host, epidemic causes and drug discovery for treatment of the diseases.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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