International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research

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Anatomical and Histological Study of the Effect of Lead on Hepatocytes of Albino Rats

Received: 14 July 2015    Accepted: 27 July 2015    Published: 06 August 2015
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Abstract

Lead is found at low levels in Earth’s crust, mainly as lead sulfide. Lead is toxic for virtually all organs of the body and has significant debilitating effects on the nervous, renal, hepatic and hematopoietic systems. The liver is considered as one of the target organs affected by lead toxicity owing to its site of storage after exposure. Also, the liver is being one of the major organs involved in the biotransformation and detoxification of toxic substances. Absorbed lead is stored in soft tissues mainly in the liver via the portal vein, so that it is the first organ for which the histological analysis can be used to examine the morphological changes that reflect possible lead effects on somatic cells. The present study aimed to determine the structural damage in the liver by histological study and biochemical assay of liver enzyme levels. 45 rats were divided into 3 groups. Group I (control group) included 15 rats that were given distilled water by orogastric tube. Group II (experimental group) included 15 rats that were given lead acetate in a dose of 4mg/kg body weight by orogastric tube for two weeks. Group III (experimental group) included 15 rats given lead acetate by the same route and dose for four weeks. Significant increase of liver enzymes SGPT and SGOT was observed in experimental groups (group II and III). Administration of lead acetate for 2 weeks (group II) induced alteration in the hepatic architecture as evident by some of the hepatocytes appeared with acidophilic slightly vacuolated granular cytoplasm while others showed markedly vacuolated hypereosinophilic cytoplasm, Mononuclear cellular infiltration was seen in the portal tract. While in Group III, diffuse affection of the hepatic lobule was evident by extensive vacuolation of the hepatocyte cytoplasm, dark and eccentric nuclei. Others showed kayolytic nucleus, congested central vein, narrow or even obliterated blood sinusoids. The portal area revealed proliferation of bile ducts and congestion of its vessels. The hepatic architecture was disorganized with marked affection of the hepatocytes. In conclusion it was found that lead acetate is toxic to liver and this toxicity is paralleled with increased duration of exposure.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11
Published in International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research (Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2015)
Page(s) 34-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Lead Acetate, Hepatocytes, Hepatic Fibrosis, Hepatic Architecture, Albino Rats

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

  • Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

  • Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

  • Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

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    El Sayed Aly Mohamed Metwally, Fathia Ahmed Negm, Rania Ali Shams El-din, Eman Mohammed Nabil. (2015). Anatomical and Histological Study of the Effect of Lead on Hepatocytes of Albino Rats. International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 3(4), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11

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    El Sayed Aly Mohamed Metwally; Fathia Ahmed Negm; Rania Ali Shams El-din; Eman Mohammed Nabil. Anatomical and Histological Study of the Effect of Lead on Hepatocytes of Albino Rats. Int. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 2015, 3(4), 34-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11

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    AMA Style

    El Sayed Aly Mohamed Metwally, Fathia Ahmed Negm, Rania Ali Shams El-din, Eman Mohammed Nabil. Anatomical and Histological Study of the Effect of Lead on Hepatocytes of Albino Rats. Int J Biomed Mater Res. 2015;3(4):34-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11,
      author = {El Sayed Aly Mohamed Metwally and Fathia Ahmed Negm and Rania Ali Shams El-din and Eman Mohammed Nabil},
      title = {Anatomical and Histological Study of the Effect of Lead on Hepatocytes of Albino Rats},
      journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4},
      pages = {34-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbmr.20150304.11},
      abstract = {Lead is found at low levels in Earth’s crust, mainly as lead sulfide. Lead is toxic for virtually all organs of the body and has significant debilitating effects on the nervous, renal, hepatic and hematopoietic systems. The liver is considered as one of the target organs affected by lead toxicity owing to its site of storage after exposure. Also, the liver is being one of the major organs involved in the biotransformation and detoxification of toxic substances. Absorbed lead is stored in soft tissues mainly in the liver via the portal vein, so that it is the first organ for which the histological analysis can be used to examine the morphological changes that reflect possible lead effects on somatic cells. The present study aimed to determine the structural damage in the liver by histological study and biochemical assay of liver enzyme levels. 45 rats were divided into 3 groups. Group I (control group) included 15 rats that were given distilled water by orogastric tube. Group II (experimental group) included 15 rats that were given lead acetate in a dose of 4mg/kg body weight by orogastric tube for two weeks. Group III (experimental group) included 15 rats given lead acetate by the same route and dose for four weeks.  Significant increase of liver enzymes SGPT and SGOT was observed in experimental groups (group II and III). Administration of lead acetate for 2 weeks (group II) induced alteration in the hepatic architecture as evident by some of the hepatocytes appeared with acidophilic slightly vacuolated granular cytoplasm while others showed markedly vacuolated hypereosinophilic cytoplasm, Mononuclear cellular infiltration was seen in the portal tract. While in Group III, diffuse affection of the hepatic lobule was evident by extensive vacuolation of the hepatocyte cytoplasm, dark and eccentric nuclei. Others showed kayolytic nucleus, congested central vein, narrow or even obliterated blood sinusoids. The portal area revealed proliferation of bile ducts and congestion of its vessels. The hepatic architecture was disorganized with marked affection of the hepatocytes. In conclusion it was found that lead acetate is toxic to liver and this toxicity is paralleled with increased duration of exposure.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Anatomical and Histological Study of the Effect of Lead on Hepatocytes of Albino Rats
    AU  - El Sayed Aly Mohamed Metwally
    AU  - Fathia Ahmed Negm
    AU  - Rania Ali Shams El-din
    AU  - Eman Mohammed Nabil
    Y1  - 2015/08/06
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11
    T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    SP  - 34
    EP  - 45
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7579
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20150304.11
    AB  - Lead is found at low levels in Earth’s crust, mainly as lead sulfide. Lead is toxic for virtually all organs of the body and has significant debilitating effects on the nervous, renal, hepatic and hematopoietic systems. The liver is considered as one of the target organs affected by lead toxicity owing to its site of storage after exposure. Also, the liver is being one of the major organs involved in the biotransformation and detoxification of toxic substances. Absorbed lead is stored in soft tissues mainly in the liver via the portal vein, so that it is the first organ for which the histological analysis can be used to examine the morphological changes that reflect possible lead effects on somatic cells. The present study aimed to determine the structural damage in the liver by histological study and biochemical assay of liver enzyme levels. 45 rats were divided into 3 groups. Group I (control group) included 15 rats that were given distilled water by orogastric tube. Group II (experimental group) included 15 rats that were given lead acetate in a dose of 4mg/kg body weight by orogastric tube for two weeks. Group III (experimental group) included 15 rats given lead acetate by the same route and dose for four weeks.  Significant increase of liver enzymes SGPT and SGOT was observed in experimental groups (group II and III). Administration of lead acetate for 2 weeks (group II) induced alteration in the hepatic architecture as evident by some of the hepatocytes appeared with acidophilic slightly vacuolated granular cytoplasm while others showed markedly vacuolated hypereosinophilic cytoplasm, Mononuclear cellular infiltration was seen in the portal tract. While in Group III, diffuse affection of the hepatic lobule was evident by extensive vacuolation of the hepatocyte cytoplasm, dark and eccentric nuclei. Others showed kayolytic nucleus, congested central vein, narrow or even obliterated blood sinusoids. The portal area revealed proliferation of bile ducts and congestion of its vessels. The hepatic architecture was disorganized with marked affection of the hepatocytes. In conclusion it was found that lead acetate is toxic to liver and this toxicity is paralleled with increased duration of exposure.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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