International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research

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Evaluation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Genotypes for Total Cyanide Content, Storage Tuber and Starch Yield in South Western Ethiopia

Received: 08 January 2020    Accepted: 25 February 2020    Published: 05 August 2020
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Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is one of the main food crops that significantly contribute to food security and poverty alleviation in South and Southwest Ethiopia. Cyanide present in cassava roots poses a health challenge in the use of cassava for food. It is therefore important to identify the sweet and bitter types for food and industry. In this study, 11 farmers preferred genotypes were assessed for storage tuber yield, cyanide content and starch contents at Jimma, Metu and Tepi during 2015-2017 cropping seasons. From the genotypes analyzed, AAGT-108 (128.35 mg/kg) and AAGT-189 (118.5 mg/kg) are identified for bitter type (high HCN content). Based on storage tuber yield, genotype AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT 192 produced the highest tuber yield in all tested locations. The starch content varies from 5.11 (Qulle at Metu) to 18.40 (AAGT-108 at Tepi). Similarly, genotypes AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT-192 are the best materials at Jimma as compared to others and gave the mean starch content of 15.22, 16.98 and 16.61%, respectively. Based on the overall result of hydrogen cyanide and starch contents, genotype AAGT-108 and AAGT-189 are recommended for bitter type (high HCN content). On contrary, the rest of genotypes have sweet type due to low hydrogen cyanide content below 100 mg/kg and are recommended for human consumption.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11
Published in International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research (Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020)
Page(s) 14-19
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cassava, Cyanide, Starch, Storage Tuber, Yield

References
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[3] Ashoka MJ and Richard JE. 1992. Effects of cultivar and growth stage on the gelatinization properties of cassava (Manihot esculanta Cratz) starch. J. Sci. Agri. 59: 53-58.
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[8] Dufour D. L. 1988 Cyanide Content of Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae) Cultivars Used by Tukanoan Indians in Northwest Amazonia. Economic Botany, 42, 255-266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02858929
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[11] FAO/WHO. 1995. Codex standard for edible cassava flour. Codex Standard 176-1989. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organisation and World Health Organisation of the United Nations.
[12] FAO/WHO. 2005. Codex standard for sweet cassava. Codex Standard 238-2003. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organisation and World Health Organisation of the United Nations.
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Author Information
  • Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

  • Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

  • Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

  • Tepi National Spice Research Center, Tepi, Ethiopia

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    Tewodros Mulualem, Neim Semman, Getachew Etana, Shamil Alo. (2020). Evaluation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Genotypes for Total Cyanide Content, Storage Tuber and Starch Yield in South Western Ethiopia. International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 8(2), 14-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11

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    ACS Style

    Tewodros Mulualem; Neim Semman; Getachew Etana; Shamil Alo. Evaluation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Genotypes for Total Cyanide Content, Storage Tuber and Starch Yield in South Western Ethiopia. Int. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 2020, 8(2), 14-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11

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    AMA Style

    Tewodros Mulualem, Neim Semman, Getachew Etana, Shamil Alo. Evaluation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Genotypes for Total Cyanide Content, Storage Tuber and Starch Yield in South Western Ethiopia. Int J Biomed Mater Res. 2020;8(2):14-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11,
      author = {Tewodros Mulualem and Neim Semman and Getachew Etana and Shamil Alo},
      title = {Evaluation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Genotypes for Total Cyanide Content, Storage Tuber and Starch Yield in South Western Ethiopia},
      journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research},
      volume = {8},
      number = {2},
      pages = {14-19},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbmr.20200802.11},
      abstract = {Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is one of the main food crops that significantly contribute to food security and poverty alleviation in South and Southwest Ethiopia. Cyanide present in cassava roots poses a health challenge in the use of cassava for food. It is therefore important to identify the sweet and bitter types for food and industry. In this study, 11 farmers preferred genotypes were assessed for storage tuber yield, cyanide content and starch contents at Jimma, Metu and Tepi during 2015-2017 cropping seasons. From the genotypes analyzed, AAGT-108 (128.35 mg/kg) and AAGT-189 (118.5 mg/kg) are identified for bitter type (high HCN content). Based on storage tuber yield, genotype AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT 192 produced the highest tuber yield in all tested locations. The starch content varies from 5.11 (Qulle at Metu) to 18.40 (AAGT-108 at Tepi). Similarly, genotypes AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT-192 are the best materials at Jimma as compared to others and gave the mean starch content of 15.22, 16.98 and 16.61%, respectively. Based on the overall result of hydrogen cyanide and starch contents, genotype AAGT-108 and AAGT-189 are recommended for bitter type (high HCN content). On contrary, the rest of genotypes have sweet type due to low hydrogen cyanide content below 100 mg/kg and are recommended for human consumption.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Evaluation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Genotypes for Total Cyanide Content, Storage Tuber and Starch Yield in South Western Ethiopia
    AU  - Tewodros Mulualem
    AU  - Neim Semman
    AU  - Getachew Etana
    AU  - Shamil Alo
    Y1  - 2020/08/05
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11
    T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    SP  - 14
    EP  - 19
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7579
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbmr.20200802.11
    AB  - Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is one of the main food crops that significantly contribute to food security and poverty alleviation in South and Southwest Ethiopia. Cyanide present in cassava roots poses a health challenge in the use of cassava for food. It is therefore important to identify the sweet and bitter types for food and industry. In this study, 11 farmers preferred genotypes were assessed for storage tuber yield, cyanide content and starch contents at Jimma, Metu and Tepi during 2015-2017 cropping seasons. From the genotypes analyzed, AAGT-108 (128.35 mg/kg) and AAGT-189 (118.5 mg/kg) are identified for bitter type (high HCN content). Based on storage tuber yield, genotype AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT 192 produced the highest tuber yield in all tested locations. The starch content varies from 5.11 (Qulle at Metu) to 18.40 (AAGT-108 at Tepi). Similarly, genotypes AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT-192 are the best materials at Jimma as compared to others and gave the mean starch content of 15.22, 16.98 and 16.61%, respectively. Based on the overall result of hydrogen cyanide and starch contents, genotype AAGT-108 and AAGT-189 are recommended for bitter type (high HCN content). On contrary, the rest of genotypes have sweet type due to low hydrogen cyanide content below 100 mg/kg and are recommended for human consumption.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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