Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface

R. J. El-Khozondar; H. J. El-Khozondar; M. M. Shabat

doi:doi:10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface

R. J. El-Khozondar, H. J. El-Khozondar, M. M. Shabat

Published in American Journal of Nano Research and Applications (Volume 4, Issue 5)

Received: 11 August 2016 Accepted: 12 November 2016 Published: 17 January 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Sensitivity of a waveguide sensor consists of Graphene monolayer between metamaterials (MTMs) layer from below and dielectric layer from above is studied. In this work, we only considered Transverse Magnetic (TM) surface plasmon (SP) at terahertz (THz) range of frequency. Thus, Graphene is assumed to have constant surface conductivity with positive imaginary part. The homogenous sensitivity is derived from the dispersion equation and numerically calculated at different values of MTM parameter. Results show that this structure is valid as a very sensitive sensor that is capable of sensing small signals. Moreover, the sensitivity varies as MTM parameters varies at frequency ranges from 1-10 THz.

Published in	American Journal of Nano Research and Applications (Volume 4, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11
Page(s)	43-46
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Graphene, Metamaterials, Waveguide Sensor, Plasmon, TM, Sensitivity

References

[1]	El-Khozondar, H. J. "Hydrostatic Stress Effect on the Optical Performance and the Stress Sensitivity of Optical Nonlinear Waveguide", An - Najah Univ. J. Res. (N. Sc.), 22, 1-16, 2008.
[2]	El-Khozondar, H. J, El-Khozondar, R. J, Shabat, M. M, Koch, A. W, "Stress Effect on Optical Nonlinear Waveguide Sensor", Journal of optical communication, 28 (3), 175- 179, 2007.
[3]	Ghatak, A. & Thyagarajan, K, Introduction to Fiber Optics, University Press. Cambridge. U.K, 1998.
[4]	Cush, R. Cronin, J. Stewart, W. Maule, C. Molloy, J. & Goddard, N, “The resonant mirror: A novel optical biosensor for direct sensing of bio-molecular interactions”. Part I: Principle of operation and associated instrumentation, Biosensors Bioelectron. (8). 347-353, 1993.
[5]	Bernard, A. Bosshard, H, “Real-time monitoring of antigenantibody recognition on a metal oxide surface by an optical grating coupler sensor”. European J. Biochem. (230). 416-423, 1995.
[6]	A. Andryieuski, and A. V. Lavrinenko, Graphene metamaterials based tunable terahertz absorber: effective surface conductivity approach, Opt Express 21: 9144-9155, 2013.
[7]	H. Tao, N. I. Landy, C. M. Bingham, X. Zhang, R. D. Averitt, and W. J. Padilla, A metamaterial absorber for the terahertz regime: Design, fabrication and characterization, Opt. Soc. Am. 16: 7181-7188, 2008.
[8]	M. Dragoman, A. A. Muller, D. Dragoman, F. Coccetti and R. Plana, Terahertz antenna based on Graphene, J. Appl. Phys. 107: 104313, 2010.
[9]	Y. Huang, L. Wu, M. Tang, and J. Mao, Design of a Beam Reconfigurable THz Antenna with Graphene-Based Switchable High-Impedance Surface, IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. 11: 836–842, 2012.
[10]	J. Chen, M. Badioli, P. Alonso-Gonzalez, S. Thongrattanasiri, F. Huth, J. Osmond, M. Spasenovi ´ c, A. Centeno, ´A. Pesquera, P. Godignon, A. Z. Elorza, N. Camara, F. J. Garc´ıa de Abajo, R. Hillenbrand, and F. H. L. Koppens, Optical nano-imaging of gate-tunable Graphene plasmons, Nature (London) 487: 77–81, 2012.
[11]	V. G. Veselago, The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ε and μ, Soviet Physics 10: 509-514, 1968.
[12]	D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser and S. Schultz, Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84: 4184-4187, 2000.
[13]	H. J. El-Khozondar, R. J. El-Khozondar and S. Zouhdi, Tunable MTMs consists of a single-walled nanotube thin film waveguide covered by nonlinear cladding, Appl. Phys. A 119: 451–453, 2015.
[14]	H. J. El-Khozondar, R. J. El-Khozondar, M. M. Shabat, Double-Negative Metamaterial Optical waveguide Behavior Subjected to Stress, Islamic university journal for natural science and Engineering 16: 9-20, 2008.
[15]	H. El-Khozondar, R. El-Khozondar, M. Shabat and A. Koch, Metallic nonlinear magnetooptical nonreciprocal isolator, Optik 122: 256–258, 2011.
[16]	H. J. El-Khozondar, M. Abu-Marasa, R. J. El-Khozondar, M. Elbahri, S. Zouhdi, Design of Voltage control Oscillator using Nonlinear Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line, Advanced Electromagnetics 5: 15-21, 2016.
[17]	M. Jablan, H. Buljan, and M. Soljacic, Plasmonics in Graphene at infrared frequencies, Physical review B 80: 245435, 2009.
[18]	J. S. G´omez-D´ıaz and J. Perruisseau-Carrier, Propagation of hybrid TM-TE plasmons on magnetically-biased Graphene sheets, Journal of Applied Physics 112: 124906, 2012.
[19]	X. Gu, Graphene-Based Surface Plasmon-Polaritons for Terahertz Applications, Dissertation, UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2013.
[20]	R. J. El-Khozondar, H. J. El-Khozondar, and M. M. Shabat, “Sensitivity of Graphene-MTM Waveguide”, Fifth Palestinian Conference on Modern Trends in Mathematics and Physics, July 31-August 2, 2016.
[21]	K. Y. Kim, Y. K. Cho and H. Tae, Guided Modes Propagations of Grounded Double-Positive and Double-Negative Metamaterial Slabs with Arbitrary Material Indexes, Journal of the Korean Physical Society 49: 577-584, 2006.
[22]	X. He, J. Tao, B. Meng, Analysis of Graphene TE surface plasmons in the terahertz regime, Nanotechnol. 24: 345203-345208, 2013.
[23]	I. P. Kaminow, W. L. Mammel and H. P. Weber, Metal-Clad Optical Waveguides: Analytical and Experimental Study, Apllied Optics 13: 136-405, 1974.
[24]	F. Wang, Y. Zhang, C. Tian, C. Girit, A. Zettl, M. Crommie and Y. R. Shen, Gate-variable optical transitions in Graphene, Science 320: 206-209, 2008.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

R. J. El-Khozondar, H. J. El-Khozondar, M. M. Shabat. (2017). Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications, 4(5), 43-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

R. J. El-Khozondar; H. J. El-Khozondar; M. M. Shabat. Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface. Am. J. Nano Res. Appl. 2017, 4(5), 43-46. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

R. J. El-Khozondar, H. J. El-Khozondar, M. M. Shabat. Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface. Am J Nano Res Appl. 2017;4(5):43-46. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11,
  author = {R. J. El-Khozondar and H. J. El-Khozondar and M. M. Shabat},
  title = {Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface},
  journal = {American Journal of Nano Research and Applications},
  volume = {4},
  number = {5},
  pages = {43-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.nano.20160405.11},
  abstract = {Sensitivity of a waveguide sensor consists of Graphene monolayer between metamaterials (MTMs) layer from below and dielectric layer from above is studied. In this work, we only considered Transverse Magnetic (TM) surface plasmon (SP) at terahertz (THz) range of frequency. Thus, Graphene is assumed to have constant surface conductivity with positive imaginary part. The homogenous sensitivity is derived from the dispersion equation and numerically calculated at different values of MTM parameter. Results show that this structure is valid as a very sensitive sensor that is capable of sensing small signals. Moreover, the sensitivity varies as MTM parameters varies at frequency ranges from 1-10 THz.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface
AU  - R. J. El-Khozondar
AU  - H. J. El-Khozondar
AU  - M. M. Shabat
Y1  - 2017/01/17
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11
T2  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
SP  - 43
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3738
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11
AB  - Sensitivity of a waveguide sensor consists of Graphene monolayer between metamaterials (MTMs) layer from below and dielectric layer from above is studied. In this work, we only considered Transverse Magnetic (TM) surface plasmon (SP) at terahertz (THz) range of frequency. Thus, Graphene is assumed to have constant surface conductivity with positive imaginary part. The homogenous sensitivity is derived from the dispersion equation and numerically calculated at different values of MTM parameter. Results show that this structure is valid as a very sensitive sensor that is capable of sensing small signals. Moreover, the sensitivity varies as MTM parameters varies at frequency ranges from 1-10 THz.
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

R. J. El-Khozondar

Physics Department, Al-Aqsa University, Gaza, Palestine
H. J. El-Khozondar

Electrical Engineering Department, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine
M. M. Shabat

Physics Department, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

R. J. El-Khozondar, H. J. El-Khozondar, M. M. Shabat. (2017). Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications, 4(5), 43-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

R. J. El-Khozondar; H. J. El-Khozondar; M. M. Shabat. Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface. Am. J. Nano Res. Appl. 2017, 4(5), 43-46. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

R. J. El-Khozondar, H. J. El-Khozondar, M. M. Shabat. Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface. Am J Nano Res Appl. 2017;4(5):43-46. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11,
  author = {R. J. El-Khozondar and H. J. El-Khozondar and M. M. Shabat},
  title = {Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface},
  journal = {American Journal of Nano Research and Applications},
  volume = {4},
  number = {5},
  pages = {43-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.nano.20160405.11},
  abstract = {Sensitivity of a waveguide sensor consists of Graphene monolayer between metamaterials (MTMs) layer from below and dielectric layer from above is studied. In this work, we only considered Transverse Magnetic (TM) surface plasmon (SP) at terahertz (THz) range of frequency. Thus, Graphene is assumed to have constant surface conductivity with positive imaginary part. The homogenous sensitivity is derived from the dispersion equation and numerically calculated at different values of MTM parameter. Results show that this structure is valid as a very sensitive sensor that is capable of sensing small signals. Moreover, the sensitivity varies as MTM parameters varies at frequency ranges from 1-10 THz.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Enhancing Sensor Sensitivity Using Graphene-MTM Interface
AU  - R. J. El-Khozondar
AU  - H. J. El-Khozondar
AU  - M. M. Shabat
Y1  - 2017/01/17
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11
T2  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
SP  - 43
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3738
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160405.11
AB  - Sensitivity of a waveguide sensor consists of Graphene monolayer between metamaterials (MTMs) layer from below and dielectric layer from above is studied. In this work, we only considered Transverse Magnetic (TM) surface plasmon (SP) at terahertz (THz) range of frequency. Thus, Graphene is assumed to have constant surface conductivity with positive imaginary part. The homogenous sensitivity is derived from the dispersion equation and numerically calculated at different values of MTM parameter. Results show that this structure is valid as a very sensitive sensor that is capable of sensing small signals. Moreover, the sensitivity varies as MTM parameters varies at frequency ranges from 1-10 THz.
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download