American Journal of Nano Research and Applications

| Peer-Reviewed |

Hydration Behavior of Composite Cement Containing Fly Ash and Nanosized-SiO2

Received: 11 February 2016    Accepted: 28 February 2016    Published: 17 March 2016
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

In recent years, there is a great interest in replacing a long time used materials in concrete structure by nanomaterials (NMs) to produce a concrete with novel functions. NMs are used either to replace a part of cement, producing ecological profile concrete or as admixtures in cement pastes. The great reactivity of NMs is attributed to their high purities and specific surface areas. A number of NMs been explored and among of them nanosilica (NS) has been used most extensively. This work aims to study, the hydration behavior of composite cements containing fly ash (FA) and nanosilica. Different cement blends were made from OPC, FA and NS. OPC was substituted with FA up to 30.0 mass, %, then the FA portion was replaced by equal amounts of NS (2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mass, %). The hydration behavior was followed by determination of free lime (FL) and combined water (Wn) contents at different curing ages. The required water for standard consistency (W/C), setting times (IST & FST), bulk density (BD) and compressive strength were also estimated. Some selected hydration products were analyzed using XRD and DTA techniques. The results showed that, both of FA and NS improve the hydration behavior and mechanical properties of the investigated cements. But, NS possesses higher improvement level than FA, due to that, both of them behaves not only as filler, but also as activator to promote pozzolanic reaction, which enhances the formation of excessive dense products. The higher beneficial role of NS is mainly due to its higher surface area, seeding effect and pozzolanic activity in comparison with FA. The composite cement containing 70.0% OPC, 26.0% FA and 4.0% NS gave the desirable mechanical properties at all curing ages.

DOI 10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11
Published in American Journal of Nano Research and Applications (Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2016)
Page(s) 6-16
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hydration, Mechanical Properties, Composite Cement, Fly Ash, Nanosilica, Curing Time

References
[1] Jewell, S., and Kimball, S. 2015. Mineral Commodity Summaries 2015. Washington D. C.: U. S. Geological Survey, U. S. Department of Interior.
[2] ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2009. “The Cement Sustainability Initiative.” World Business Council for Sustainable Development. Accessed September 8, 2015. http://www.wbcsdcement.org/pdf/CSI%20GNR%20Report %20final%2018%206%2009.pdf.
[3] S. Abd El-Aleem, M. A. Abd-El-Aziz, M. Heikal, H. El-Didamony, “Effect of cement kiln dust substitution on chemical and physical properties and compressive strength of Portland and slag cements”, Arabian journal for science and engineering; 30 (2B) (2005), pp. 263-273.
[4] EA. El-Alfi, AM Radwan, S. Abd El-Aleem, “Effect of limestone fillers and silica fume pozzolana on the characteristics of sulfate resistant cement pastes”, Ceramics Silikaty; 48 (1) (2004), pp. 29-33.
[5] ASTM International. 2015. “Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete” In ASTM C618-15. West Conshohocken: ASTM International.
[6] Thushara Priyadarshana, Ranjith Dissanayake and Priyan Mendis, “Effects of Nano Silica, Micro Silica, Fly Ash and Bottom Ash on Compressive Strength of Concrete”, Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 9 (2015) 1146-1152.
[7] Ruben Snellings, Gilles Mertens and Jan Elsen “Supplementary Cementitious Materials” Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry Vol. 74 (2012), pp. 211-278.
[8] S. Abd-El-Aleem, M. A. Abd-El-Aziz, H. El-Didamony, “Calcined carbonaceous shale pozzolanic Portland cement”, Egyptian Journal of Chemistry; 45 (3) (2002), pp. 501-517.
[9] S. Abd El-Aleem, “Hydration characteristics of granulated slag with fired by-pass cement dust”, Silicates Industriels; 69 (3-4) (2004), pp. 46-52.
[10] E. García-Taengua, M. Sonebi, K. M. A. Hossain, M. Lachemi, J. Khatib, “Effects of the addition of nanosilica on the rheology, hydration and development of the compressive strength of cement mortars” Composites Part B 81 (2015) 120-129.
[11] Thomas, M. D. A., Hooton, R. D., Scott, A. and Zibara, H., "The effect of supplementary cementitious materials on chloride binding in hardened cement paste", Cem. Concr. Res., 42, (2012), pp.1-7.
[12] Hwang, J. Y., ''Beneficial Use of Fly Ash'', U. S. Department of Energy's Federal Energy Technology Center & Michigan Technological University's Institute Materials Processing's, (1999), pp. 1-23.
[13] Taylor, H. F. W., Cement Chemistry. Academic press Ltd., London, (1990).
[14] Salaheddine Alahrache, Frank Winnefeld, Jean-Baptiste Champenois, Frank Hesselbarth, Barbara Lothenbach, "Chemical activation of hybrid binders based on siliceous fly ash and Portland cement", Cement and Concrete Composites, 66 (2016), pp. 10-23.
[15] V. G. Papadakis, Effect of fly ash on Portland cement systems: Part II. Highcalcium fly ash, Cem. Concr. Res. 30 (10) (2000) 1647–1654.
[16] Afaf Ghais, Duaa Ahmed, Ethar Siddig, Isra Elsadig, S. Albager, Performance of concrete with fly ash and kaolin inclusion, Int. J. Geosci. 05 (12) (2014) 1445–1450.
[17] N. Ghafoori, M. Najimi, H. Diawara, M. S. Islam, Effects of class F fly ash on sulfate resistance of Type V Portland cement concretes under continuous and interrupted sulfate exposures, Constr. Build. Mater. 78 (2015) 85–91.
[18] S. Abd El-Baky, S. Yehia, I. S. Khalil “Influence of nano-silica addition on properties of fresh and hardened cement mortar” NANOCONBrno, Czech Republic, EU, 10 (2013), pp. 16-18.
[19] G. Quercia, P. Spiesz, G. Hüsken, H. J. H. Brouwers, “SCC modification by use of amorphous nano-silica”, Cem. Concr. Compos., 45 (2014), pp. 69–81.
[20] M. Stefanidou and I. Papayianni, “Influence of nano-SiO2 on the Portland cement pastes”, Composites: Part B; 43 (6) (2012), pp. 2706-2710.
[21] AshwniK. Ranal, “Significance of Nanotechnology in Construction Engineering”, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 4, May (2009).
[22] PengkunHou, JueshiQian, Xin Cheng, Surendra P. Shah, “Effects of the pozzolanic reactivity of nano-SiO2 on cement-based Materials”, Cem. Concr. Compos., 55 (2015), pp. 250–258.
[23] M. Wilson, K. K. G. Smith, M. Simmons, and B. Raguse, “Nanotechnology-Basic Science and Emerging Technologies”, Chapman & Hall/CRC; (2000).
[24] M. M. S. Wahsh, A. G. M. Othman, S. Abd El-Aleem, “The influence of nano-silica and zircon additions on the sintering and mechanical properties of in situ formed forsterite”, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; 20 (2014), pp. 3984-3988.
[25] S. Abd. El. Aleem, Mohamed Heikal, W. M. Morsi “Hydration characteristic, thermal expansion and microstructure of cement containing nano-silica”, Constr. Build. Mater.; 59 (2014), pp. 151–160.
[26] SalehAbd El-Aleem and Abd El-Rahman Ragab, “Physico-mechanical properties and microstructure of blended cements incorporating nano-silica” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 3 (7); (2014), pp. 339-358.
[27] F. Sanchez, and K. Sobolev, “Nanotechnology in concrete - a review”, Constr. Build. Mater.; 24 (2010), pp. 2060-71.
[28] I. Zyganitidis, M. Stefanidou, N. Kalfagiannis, and S. Logothetidis, “Nano-mechanical characterization of cement-based pastes enriched with SiO2 nano-particles”, Mat. Sci. Eng. B 176 (9); (2011), pp. 1580–1584.
[29] Zhang, M. and Islam, J., "Use of nano-silica to reduce setting time and increase early strength of concretes with high volumes of fly ash or slag", Constr. Build. Mater., 29, (2012), pp. 573-580.
[30] Hou, P., Wang, K., Qian, J., Kawashima, S., Kong, D. and Shah, S. P., ''Effects of colloidal nano-SiO2 on fly ash hydration'', Cem. Concr. Compos., 34, (2012), pp. 1095–1103.
[31] M. Heikal, S. Abd El-Aleem, and W. M. Morsi, “Characteristics of blended cements containing nano-silica” HBRC Journal (9) (2013), pp. 243–255.
[32] Magdy A. Abdelaziz, Saleh Abd El-Aleem and Wagih M. Menshawy, “Effect of fine materials in local quarry dusts of limestone and basalt on the properties of Portland cement pastes and mortars”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 3 (6), (2014), pp.1038-1056.
[33] ASTM Designation: C191, Standard method for normal consistency and setting of hydraulic cement, ASTM Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 04.01, (2008).
[34] Abd El-Aziz, M. A., Abd El-Aleem, S. and Heikal, M., "Physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of pozzolanic cement pastes and mortars hydrated at different curing temperatures", Constr. Build. Mater., 26, (2012), pp. 310–316.
[35] H. El-Didamony, M. Abd-El. Eziz, and S. Abd. El-Aleem, “Hydration and durability of sulfate resisting and slag cement blends in Qaron’s Lake water”, Cem. Concr. Res., 35; (2005), pp. 1592-1600.
[36] H. W. Sufee, “Comprehensive studies of different blended cements and steel corrosion performance in presence of admixture”, Ph. D. Thesis, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt, (2007).
[37] Saleh Abd El-Aleem, Abd El-Rahman Ragab, “Chemical and Physico-mechanical Properties of Composite Cements Containing Micro- and Nano-silica”, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology; 6 (5) (2015), pp. 45-64.
[38] ASTM C109, “Strength test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars” (2007).
[39] V. S. Ramachandran, “Thermal Analysis, in; Handbook of analytical techniques in concrete science and technology” Ramachandran V. S. and Beaudoin J. J. Eds., Noyes publications, New Jersey. ISBN: 0-8155; (2001), pp.1473-1479.
[40] Hwang, C.-L. and Shen, D.-H., "The Effects of Blast-Furance Slag and Fly Ash on the Hydration of Portland Cement", Cem. Concr. Res., 21, (1991), pp.410-425.
[41] El-Didamony, H., Heikal, M. and Shoaib, M. M., "Homra Pozzolanic Cement", Silicates Industrials, Ceramic science and Technology,.65, (3-4), (2000), pp.39-43.
[42] Abd El-Aziz, M., Abd El-Aleem, S., Heikal, M. and El-Didamony, H., "Effect of Polycarboxylate on Rice Husk Ash Pozzolanic Cement", Sil. Ind. 69, 9-10, (2004), pp. 73-84.
[43] Henehara, S., Tomosawa, F., kobayakawa, M. and Hwang, K., ''Effect of water/power Ratio, Mixing Ratio of fly ash and curing temperature on pozzolanic reaction of fly ash in cement pastes'' Cem. Concr. Res., 31(1), (2001), pp. 31-39.
[44] Lam, L., Wong, Y. L. and Poon, C. S., "Degree of hydration and gel/space ratio of high-volume fly ash/cement systems", Cem. Concr. Res., 30, (2000), pp. 747–756.
[45] Singh, N. B., Singh, S. P., Sarvahi, R. and Shukla, A. K., "The Effect of coal dust-fly ash mixture on the hydration of protland cement", Il Cemento.,4, (1993), pp.231-238.
[46] Kar, A., Ray, I., Unnikrishnan, A. and Davalos, F., ''Microanalysis and optimization-based estimation of C–S–H contents of cementitious systems containing fly ash and silica fume'', Cem. Concr. Compos., 34, (2012), pp. 419–429.
[47] Heikal, M., El-Didamony, H., Sokkary, T. M. and Ahmed, I. A., ''Behavior of composite cement pastes containing micro-silica and fly ash at elevated temperature'', Constr. Build. Mater., 38, (2013), pp.1180–1190.
[48] Abd-El-Eziz, M. A. and Heikal, M., "Hydration characteristics and durability of cements containing fly ash and limestone subjected to Qaron’s Lake Water", Adv. Cem. Res., 21, (3), (2009), pp.91-99.
[49] El-Didamony, H., Salem, T., Gabr, N. and Mohamed, T., "Limestone as a retarder and filler in limestone blended cement" Ceramics-Silikáty39, 15, (1995).
[50] Pandey, S. P. and Sharma, R. L., ''The influence of mineral additive on strength and porosity of OPC mortar'', Cem. Concr. Res., 30 (1), (2000), pp. 19-23.
[51] Deschner, F. Winnefeld, F. Lothenbach, B. Seufert, S. Schwesig, P. Dittrich, S. Goetz-Neunhoeffer, F. Neubauer, J."Hydration of Portland cement with high replacement by siliceous fly ash", Cem. Concr. Res., 42, (2012).
[52] Trezza, M. A. and Lavat, A. E., ''analysis of the system 3CaO. Al2O3–CaSO4.2H2O-CaCO3-H2O by FTIR spectroscopy", Cem. Concr. Rese., 31, (2001), pp. 869-872.
[53] Sobolev, K., Nemecek, J., Smilauer, V. and Zeman, J., ''Engineering of SiO2 nanoparticles for optimal performance in nano cement-based materials'', Nanotechnology in Constr. Proc. Prague., (2009), pp.139–48
[54] Li, G., "Properties of high volume fly ash concrete incorporating nano-SiO2", Cem. Concr. Res., 34, (2004), pp. 1043–1049.53. Said, A. M., Zeidan, M. S., Bassuoni, M. T. and Tian, Y., "Properties of concrete incorporating nano-silica", Constr. Build. Mater., 36, (2012), pp.838–844.
[55] Bjornstrom, J., Martinelli, A., Matic, A., Borjesson, L. and Panas I., "Accelerating effects of colloidal nano-silica for beneficial calcium–silicate–hydrate formation incement", Chemical Physic Letter, 392, (2004), pp. 242–248.
[56] Legrand, C. and Wirquin, E., "Study of the strength of very young concrete as afunction of the amount of hydrates formed-influence of superplasticizer", Mater.Struct., 166, (1994), pp.106–109.
[57] Li, H., Zhang, M., and Ou, J., "Flexural fatigue performance of concrete containing nanoparticles for pavement", Int. J. Fatigue, 29, (2007), pp. 1292–1301.
[58] Zhang, M-Hand Gjorv, O. E., "Effect of silica fume on cement hydration in low porosity cement pastes", Cem. Concr. Res., 21, (5), (1991), pp. 800–808.
[59] Nazari, A. and Riahi, S., "Splitting tensile strength of concrete using ground granulated blast furnace slag and SiO2 nanoparticles as binder". Composites: Part B 43, (2011), pp. 864–872.
[60] Said, A. M., Zeidan, M. S., Bassuoni, M. T. and Tian, Y., "Properties of concrete incorporating nano-silica", Constr. Build. Mater., 36, (2012), pp. 838–844.
Author Information
  • Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig Egypt

  • Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt

  • Quality Department, Lafarge Cement, El Kattamia, El Sokhna, Suez, Egypt

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    H. El-Didamony, S. Abd El-Aleem, Abd El-Rahman Ragab. (2016). Hydration Behavior of Composite Cement Containing Fly Ash and Nanosized-SiO2. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications, 4(2), 6-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    H. El-Didamony; S. Abd El-Aleem; Abd El-Rahman Ragab. Hydration Behavior of Composite Cement Containing Fly Ash and Nanosized-SiO2. Am. J. Nano Res. Appl. 2016, 4(2), 6-16. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    H. El-Didamony, S. Abd El-Aleem, Abd El-Rahman Ragab. Hydration Behavior of Composite Cement Containing Fly Ash and Nanosized-SiO2. Am J Nano Res Appl. 2016;4(2):6-16. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11,
      author = {H. El-Didamony and S. Abd El-Aleem and Abd El-Rahman Ragab},
      title = {Hydration Behavior of Composite Cement Containing Fly Ash and Nanosized-SiO2},
      journal = {American Journal of Nano Research and Applications},
      volume = {4},
      number = {2},
      pages = {6-16},
      doi = {10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.nano.20160402.11},
      abstract = {In recent years, there is a great interest in replacing a long time used materials in concrete structure by nanomaterials (NMs) to produce a concrete with novel functions. NMs are used either to replace a part of cement, producing ecological profile concrete or as admixtures in cement pastes. The great reactivity of NMs is attributed to their high purities and specific surface areas. A number of NMs been explored and among of them nanosilica (NS) has been used most extensively. This work aims to study, the hydration behavior of composite cements containing fly ash (FA) and nanosilica. Different cement blends were made from OPC, FA and NS. OPC was substituted with FA up to 30.0 mass, %, then the FA portion was replaced by equal amounts of NS (2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mass, %). The hydration behavior was followed by determination of free lime (FL) and combined water (Wn) contents at different curing ages. The required water for standard consistency (W/C), setting times (IST & FST), bulk density (BD) and compressive strength were also estimated. Some selected hydration products were analyzed using XRD and DTA techniques. The results showed that, both of FA and NS improve the hydration behavior and mechanical properties of the investigated cements. But, NS possesses higher improvement level than FA, due to that, both of them behaves not only as filler, but also as activator to promote pozzolanic reaction, which enhances the formation of excessive dense products. The higher beneficial role of NS is mainly due to its higher surface area, seeding effect and pozzolanic activity in comparison with FA. The composite cement containing 70.0% OPC, 26.0% FA and 4.0% NS gave the desirable mechanical properties at all curing ages.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Hydration Behavior of Composite Cement Containing Fly Ash and Nanosized-SiO2
    AU  - H. El-Didamony
    AU  - S. Abd El-Aleem
    AU  - Abd El-Rahman Ragab
    Y1  - 2016/03/17
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11
    T2  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
    JF  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
    JO  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
    SP  - 6
    EP  - 16
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-3738
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20160402.11
    AB  - In recent years, there is a great interest in replacing a long time used materials in concrete structure by nanomaterials (NMs) to produce a concrete with novel functions. NMs are used either to replace a part of cement, producing ecological profile concrete or as admixtures in cement pastes. The great reactivity of NMs is attributed to their high purities and specific surface areas. A number of NMs been explored and among of them nanosilica (NS) has been used most extensively. This work aims to study, the hydration behavior of composite cements containing fly ash (FA) and nanosilica. Different cement blends were made from OPC, FA and NS. OPC was substituted with FA up to 30.0 mass, %, then the FA portion was replaced by equal amounts of NS (2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mass, %). The hydration behavior was followed by determination of free lime (FL) and combined water (Wn) contents at different curing ages. The required water for standard consistency (W/C), setting times (IST & FST), bulk density (BD) and compressive strength were also estimated. Some selected hydration products were analyzed using XRD and DTA techniques. The results showed that, both of FA and NS improve the hydration behavior and mechanical properties of the investigated cements. But, NS possesses higher improvement level than FA, due to that, both of them behaves not only as filler, but also as activator to promote pozzolanic reaction, which enhances the formation of excessive dense products. The higher beneficial role of NS is mainly due to its higher surface area, seeding effect and pozzolanic activity in comparison with FA. The composite cement containing 70.0% OPC, 26.0% FA and 4.0% NS gave the desirable mechanical properties at all curing ages.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections