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Extraction of Pectin from Orange Peels and Characterizing Its Physical and Chemical Properties

Received: 30 March 2018    Accepted: 19 April 2018    Published: 26 April 2018
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to extract pectin from orange peels. In order to increase profits for citrus orange growers and processors, citrus orange peels, a by-product of citrus orange processing, were investigated as a source of pectin. An orange, specifically, the sweet orange is the most commonly grown tree orange in Ethiopia. The present work addressed to the development of the part of the process needed for the extraction of value added products like pectin from orange peel, which is the waste of orange juice processing industry. The outcome of the present work highlighted that the sweet orange peels are good source of pectin and does have the potential to become important raw material for food processing industries. It was found from the experimental observations that the peel source. It was concluded that the process in which pectin was first extracted using technique of water bathing or drying followed by acid extraction of pectin was most suitable for industrial production for isolation of pectin. These results demonstrated the pectin, providing potential benefits for industrial extraction of pectin from an economic and environmental point of view. It was possible that pectin loss was occurring during the precipitation step and the alcohol washes. There was a large cloudy mass within the liquid that was possibly pectin that was not being recovered and retained in the following separation and washing steps. Experiments were set up to test the method of retrieving the pectin from the alcohol after precipitation. Experiments were conducted under standard extraction conditions comparing centrifugation and cheesecloth as retrieval methods for the precipitated pectin. The pectin yields for the centrifugation and cheesecloth methods were 14.3% and 10.6%, respectively. These results indicated that more pectin was retained using the centrifugation method.

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13
Page(s) 51-56
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pectin, Citrus Orange, Peel, Centrifugation

References
[1] Van Buren, J. P. 2012. Function of pectin in plant tissue structure and firmness. In The Chemistry and technology of pectin. Academic Press. California.
[2] Quebedeaux B, Bliss F. Horticulture and human health: contributions of oranges and vegetables. Proc. Symp. 1988. Hort. and Human Health Prentice.
[3] Tobias I. Ndubuisi Ezejiofor, N. V. Eke, R. I. Okechukwu, R. N. Nwoguikpe and C. M. Duru. (2017) Waste to wealth: Industrial raw materials potential of peels of Nigerian sweet orange (Citrus sinensis). African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 10 (33).
[4] S. Wang, F. Chen, J. Wu, Z. Wang, X. Liao, X. Hu, Journal of Food Engineering, 2012, 78, 693–700.
[5] International Pectin Producers Association, 2016.
[6] Braddock, R. J. 2013. Handbook of citrus by-products and processing technology.
[7] May, C. 2014. Industrial pectin’s: sources, production, and applications. Carbohydrate Polymers.
[8] Wargovich M. Anticancer properties of oranges, Hort Science. 2009. 35: 573-575.
[9] Kertesz, Z. I., Kim, H. and Fassihi, R., Application of a binary polymer system in drug release rate modulation, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 86, (1951) p. 316-322.
[10] Hercules, food gum product description: General description of pectin, 1999.
[11] kohn R, Binding toxic cations to pectin, its oligomer fragment and plant tissues, carbohydrate polym, 2002, 2, 273-275.
[12] Joye DD and Luzio GA, process for selective extraction of pectin’s from plant material by differential PH, carbohydrate polym, 2010, 43 (4), 337-342.
[13] Extraction of pectin by microwave heating pressure, United States patent.
[14] Crandall, P. G., R. J. Braddock, A. H. Rouse, 2015, Effect of drying on pectin made from Orange peel and lemon pomace, Journal of Food Science.
[15] Thermodynamic properties for characterizing ethanol and water.
[16] Coulson and Richardson’s chemical engineering, volume 6.
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  • APA Style

    Enkuahone Abebe Alamineh. (2018). Extraction of Pectin from Orange Peels and Characterizing Its Physical and Chemical Properties. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 6(2), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13

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    ACS Style

    Enkuahone Abebe Alamineh. Extraction of Pectin from Orange Peels and Characterizing Its Physical and Chemical Properties. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2018, 6(2), 51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13

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    AMA Style

    Enkuahone Abebe Alamineh. Extraction of Pectin from Orange Peels and Characterizing Its Physical and Chemical Properties. Am J Appl Chem. 2018;6(2):51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13,
      author = {Enkuahone Abebe Alamineh},
      title = {Extraction of Pectin from Orange Peels and Characterizing Its Physical and Chemical Properties},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {51-56},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20180602.13},
      abstract = {The aim of this study was to extract pectin from orange peels. In order to increase profits for citrus orange growers and processors, citrus orange peels, a by-product of citrus orange processing, were investigated as a source of pectin. An orange, specifically, the sweet orange is the most commonly grown tree orange in Ethiopia. The present work addressed to the development of the part of the process needed for the extraction of value added products like pectin from orange peel, which is the waste of orange juice processing industry. The outcome of the present work highlighted that the sweet orange peels are good source of pectin and does have the potential to become important raw material for food processing industries. It was found from the experimental observations that the peel source. It was concluded that the process in which pectin was first extracted using technique of water bathing or drying followed by acid extraction of pectin was most suitable for industrial production for isolation of pectin. These results demonstrated the pectin, providing potential benefits for industrial extraction of pectin from an economic and environmental point of view. It was possible that pectin loss was occurring during the precipitation step and the alcohol washes. There was a large cloudy mass within the liquid that was possibly pectin that was not being recovered and retained in the following separation and washing steps. Experiments were set up to test the method of retrieving the pectin from the alcohol after precipitation. Experiments were conducted under standard extraction conditions comparing centrifugation and cheesecloth as retrieval methods for the precipitated pectin. The pectin yields for the centrifugation and cheesecloth methods were 14.3% and 10.6%, respectively. These results indicated that more pectin was retained using the centrifugation method.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Extraction of Pectin from Orange Peels and Characterizing Its Physical and Chemical Properties
    AU  - Enkuahone Abebe Alamineh
    Y1  - 2018/04/26
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13
    T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 51
    EP  - 56
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8745
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20180602.13
    AB  - The aim of this study was to extract pectin from orange peels. In order to increase profits for citrus orange growers and processors, citrus orange peels, a by-product of citrus orange processing, were investigated as a source of pectin. An orange, specifically, the sweet orange is the most commonly grown tree orange in Ethiopia. The present work addressed to the development of the part of the process needed for the extraction of value added products like pectin from orange peel, which is the waste of orange juice processing industry. The outcome of the present work highlighted that the sweet orange peels are good source of pectin and does have the potential to become important raw material for food processing industries. It was found from the experimental observations that the peel source. It was concluded that the process in which pectin was first extracted using technique of water bathing or drying followed by acid extraction of pectin was most suitable for industrial production for isolation of pectin. These results demonstrated the pectin, providing potential benefits for industrial extraction of pectin from an economic and environmental point of view. It was possible that pectin loss was occurring during the precipitation step and the alcohol washes. There was a large cloudy mass within the liquid that was possibly pectin that was not being recovered and retained in the following separation and washing steps. Experiments were set up to test the method of retrieving the pectin from the alcohol after precipitation. Experiments were conducted under standard extraction conditions comparing centrifugation and cheesecloth as retrieval methods for the precipitated pectin. The pectin yields for the centrifugation and cheesecloth methods were 14.3% and 10.6%, respectively. These results indicated that more pectin was retained using the centrifugation method.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Chemical Engineering, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

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