Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel

Hamada Esmaiel; Danchi Jiang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12

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Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel

Hamada Esmaiel, Danchi Jiang

Published in Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 17 November 2014 Accepted: 24 November 2014 Published: 27 November 2014

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Abstract

In this paper, image transmission in underwater channels is considered. The images are encoded with forward error correction using an unequal error protection technique together with the Reed-Solomon codes and dynamic bit-rate allocation before transmitted. This paper proposes a novel rate allocation scheme for efficient image bit stream transmission in underwater acoustic channels with optimum bit rates. The optimality is achieved in the sense that the comprehensive peak signal–to–noise ratio of the image transmission is maximized under channel bit rate and bit error rate constraints. Based on a modified set partitioning in hierarchical trees (M-SPIHT) image coder, four different flocks of bit-streams based on their significance levels are generated. According to their significance levels, the blocks of the significant bits, the sign bits, the set bits and the refinement bits are transmitted with different protection levels, so as to reduce the total distortion of received image. In addition to the careful selection of each component and intuitive justification in the detailed system design, simulation results have also been included. It is demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the equal error protection for image transmission in underwater channels, significantly improves the peak signals–to–noise ratio (PSNR) performance in comparison to existing coding schemes.

Published in	Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12
Page(s)	64-74
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Rate Allocation, Reed Solomon Coder, SPIHT Coding, Underwater Acoustic Channel, Unequal Error Protection (UEP)

References

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APA Style

Hamada Esmaiel, Danchi Jiang. (2014). Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2(4), 64-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12

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ACS Style

Hamada Esmaiel; Danchi Jiang. Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2014, 2(4), 64-74. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12

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AMA Style

Hamada Esmaiel, Danchi Jiang. Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel. J Electr Electron Eng. 2014;2(4):64-74. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12,
  author = {Hamada Esmaiel and Danchi Jiang},
  title = {Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {64-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20140204.12},
  abstract = {In this paper, image transmission in underwater channels is considered. The images are encoded with forward error correction using an unequal error protection technique together with the Reed-Solomon codes and dynamic bit-rate allocation before transmitted. This paper proposes a novel rate allocation scheme for efficient image bit stream transmission in underwater acoustic channels with optimum bit rates. The optimality is achieved in the sense that the comprehensive peak signal–to–noise ratio of the image transmission is maximized under channel bit rate and bit error rate constraints. Based on a modified set partitioning in hierarchical trees (M-SPIHT) image coder, four different flocks of bit-streams based on their significance levels are generated. According to their significance levels, the blocks of the significant bits, the sign bits, the set bits and the refinement bits are transmitted with different protection levels, so as to reduce the total distortion of received image. In addition to the careful selection of each component and intuitive justification in the detailed system design, simulation results have also been included.  It is demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the equal error protection for image transmission in underwater channels, significantly improves the peak signals–to–noise ratio (PSNR) performance in comparison to existing coding schemes.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel
AU  - Hamada Esmaiel
AU  - Danchi Jiang
Y1  - 2014/11/27
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 64
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12
AB  - In this paper, image transmission in underwater channels is considered. The images are encoded with forward error correction using an unequal error protection technique together with the Reed-Solomon codes and dynamic bit-rate allocation before transmitted. This paper proposes a novel rate allocation scheme for efficient image bit stream transmission in underwater acoustic channels with optimum bit rates. The optimality is achieved in the sense that the comprehensive peak signal–to–noise ratio of the image transmission is maximized under channel bit rate and bit error rate constraints. Based on a modified set partitioning in hierarchical trees (M-SPIHT) image coder, four different flocks of bit-streams based on their significance levels are generated. According to their significance levels, the blocks of the significant bits, the sign bits, the set bits and the refinement bits are transmitted with different protection levels, so as to reduce the total distortion of received image. In addition to the careful selection of each component and intuitive justification in the detailed system design, simulation results have also been included.  It is demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the equal error protection for image transmission in underwater channels, significantly improves the peak signals–to–noise ratio (PSNR) performance in comparison to existing coding schemes.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Hamada Esmaiel

School of Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Danchi Jiang

School of Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia

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APA Style

Hamada Esmaiel, Danchi Jiang. (2014). Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2(4), 64-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12

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ACS Style

Hamada Esmaiel; Danchi Jiang. Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2014, 2(4), 64-74. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Hamada Esmaiel, Danchi Jiang. Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel. J Electr Electron Eng. 2014;2(4):64-74. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12,
  author = {Hamada Esmaiel and Danchi Jiang},
  title = {Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {64-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20140204.12},
  abstract = {In this paper, image transmission in underwater channels is considered. The images are encoded with forward error correction using an unequal error protection technique together with the Reed-Solomon codes and dynamic bit-rate allocation before transmitted. This paper proposes a novel rate allocation scheme for efficient image bit stream transmission in underwater acoustic channels with optimum bit rates. The optimality is achieved in the sense that the comprehensive peak signal–to–noise ratio of the image transmission is maximized under channel bit rate and bit error rate constraints. Based on a modified set partitioning in hierarchical trees (M-SPIHT) image coder, four different flocks of bit-streams based on their significance levels are generated. According to their significance levels, the blocks of the significant bits, the sign bits, the set bits and the refinement bits are transmitted with different protection levels, so as to reduce the total distortion of received image. In addition to the careful selection of each component and intuitive justification in the detailed system design, simulation results have also been included.  It is demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the equal error protection for image transmission in underwater channels, significantly improves the peak signals–to–noise ratio (PSNR) performance in comparison to existing coding schemes.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimum Bit Rate for Image Transmission over Underwater Acoustic Channel
AU  - Hamada Esmaiel
AU  - Danchi Jiang
Y1  - 2014/11/27
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 64
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20140204.12
AB  - In this paper, image transmission in underwater channels is considered. The images are encoded with forward error correction using an unequal error protection technique together with the Reed-Solomon codes and dynamic bit-rate allocation before transmitted. This paper proposes a novel rate allocation scheme for efficient image bit stream transmission in underwater acoustic channels with optimum bit rates. The optimality is achieved in the sense that the comprehensive peak signal–to–noise ratio of the image transmission is maximized under channel bit rate and bit error rate constraints. Based on a modified set partitioning in hierarchical trees (M-SPIHT) image coder, four different flocks of bit-streams based on their significance levels are generated. According to their significance levels, the blocks of the significant bits, the sign bits, the set bits and the refinement bits are transmitted with different protection levels, so as to reduce the total distortion of received image. In addition to the careful selection of each component and intuitive justification in the detailed system design, simulation results have also been included.  It is demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the equal error protection for image transmission in underwater channels, significantly improves the peak signals–to–noise ratio (PSNR) performance in comparison to existing coding schemes.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download