Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

| Peer-Reviewed |

Impact of Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) as a Feedstock for Biogas Production

Received: 21 November 2017    Accepted: 28 November 2017    Published: 02 January 2018
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Globally, biogas is considered as a clean and renewable form of energy that could replace the increasing non-renewable energy usages. In view of this, there is an increasing demand for energy crops and animal manures for an eco-friendly energy source to supplement fossil fuel, aid in heat production and for electricity generation. Biochemical methane potential test is generally used to determine the possible methane that can be obtained from feedstocks. This study, however, aims at optimizing the anaerobic digestion of water hyacinth, Eicchornia crassipes with cattle manure in a biochemical methane potential test, controlled at mesophilic temperature (37 ± 1). Biodigester A (with the least methane yield) contained only the inoculum and was used as the blank, biodigester B (1:1 feedstock to inoculum ratio) and biodigester C (highest methane yield at 1:4 feedstocks to inoculum ratio) contained both the inoculum and the feedstock at different loading rates. Methane production was measured for a retention period of 30 days using three 1000ml Schott bottles as biodigesters in batch mode. Eicchornia crassipes was characterized in the batch reactor to enable the inoculum activity and the biogas volume reported during the 30 days. Qualitatively, the highest methane composition was found to be 60% whiles quantitatively, the cumulative average methane yield was 77ml throughout the study. The higher yield of methane observed in this study gives an indication of lower cost in the purification of the carbon dioxide from the produced biogas to be used in biofuels for electricity generation and also for combined heat and power production. Therefore, water hyacinth has the potential to produce biomethane which can be used to ease the dependency on fossil fuel derived energy and as an alternative energy source for combined heat and energy which is eco-friendly.

DOI 10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13
Published in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2017)
Page(s) 184-188
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biogas, Renewable Energy, Biochemical Methane Potential, Anaerobic Digestion, Water Hyacinth

References
[1] A. Sørensen, M. Lübeck, P. S. Lübeck, and B. K. Ahring, "Fungal beta-glucosidases: a bottleneck in industrial use of lignocellulosic materials," Biomolecules, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 612-631, 2013.
[2] H. Gu, K. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Huang, N. Hewitt, and A. P. Roskilly, "Waste biomass from production process co-firing with coal in a steam boiler to reduce fossil fuel consumption: A case study," Journal of Energy Chemistry, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 413-419, 2013.
[3] A. M. Troschinetz and J. R. Mihelcic, "Sustainable recycling of municipal solid waste in developing countries," Waste management, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 915-923, 2009.
[4] H. M. El-Mashad and R. Zhang, "Biogas production from co-digestion of dairy manure and food waste," Bioresource technology, vol. 101, no. 11, pp. 4021-4028, 2010.
[5] I. Maile, E. Muzenda, and C. Mbohwa, "Biochemical methane potential of OFMSW for City of Johannesburg," 2016.
[6] S. K. Khanal, Anaerobic biotechnology for bioenergy production: principles and applications. John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
[7] N. M. C. Saady and D. I. Massé, "Impact of organic loading rate on psychrophilic anaerobic digestion of solid dairy manure," Energies, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1990-2007, 2015.
[8] Y. Sun and J. Cheng, "Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production: a review," Bioresource technology, vol. 83, no. 1, pp. 1-11, 2002.
[9] K. Mital, Biogas systems: policies, progress and prospects. Taylor & Francis, 1997.
[10] I. A. Nges, "Anaerobic digestion of crop and waste biomass: Impact of feedstock characteristics on process performance," Doctoral, Luund University (Media-Tryck), 2012.
[11] P. Alvira, E. Tomás-Pejó, M. Ballesteros, and M. Negro, "Pretreatment technologies for an efficient bioethanol production process based on enzymatic hydrolysis: a review," Bioresource technology, vol. 101, no. 13, pp. 4851-4861, 2010.
[12] F. R. Ribeiro, F. Passos, L. V. A. Gurgel, B. E. L. Baêta, and S. F. de Aquino, "Anaerobic digestion of hemicellulose hydrolysate produced after hydrothermal pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse in UASB reactor," Science of the Total Environment, vol. 584, pp. 1108-1113, 2017.
[13] C. Eliyan, "Anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste in thermophilic continuous operation," Master of Science, School of Environment, Resource and Development, Asian School of Technology, 2007.
[14] T. Sreekrishnan, S. Kohli, and V. Rana, "Enhancement of biogas production from solid substrates using different techniques––a review," Bioresource technology, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 2004.
[15] I. Maile, E. Muzenda, and C. Mbohwa, "Biogas production from anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable waste from Johannesburg market," 2016.
[16] F. Raposo et al., "Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of solid organic substrates: evaluation of anaerobic biodegradability using data from an international interlaboratory study," Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, vol. 86, no. 8, pp. 1088-1098, 2011.
[17] S. A. Abbasi and E. Ramasami, Biotechnological methods of pollution control. Universities Press, 1999.
[18] H. Chanakya, S. Borgaonkar, G. Meena, and K. Jagadish, "Solid-phase biogas production with garbage or water hyacinth," Bioresource technology, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 227-231, 1993.
[19] V. Singhal and J. Rai, "Biogas production from water hyacinth and channel grass used for phytoremediation of industrial effluents," Bioresource technology, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 221-225, 2003.
[20] P. Njoku, R. Kinyua, P. Muthoni, and Y. Nemoto, "Biogas Production Using Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) for Electricity Generation in Kenya," Energy and Power Engineering, vol. 7, pp. 209-216, 2015.
[21] D. Simpson and H. Sanderson. (2002) Eichhornia crassipes. Curtis’s Botanical Magazine. 28-34.
[22] E. Van Wyk and B. Van Wilgen, "The cost of water hyacinth control in South Africa: a case study of three options," African Journal of Aquatic Science, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 141-149, 2002.
[23] A. Sluiter et al., "Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass," Laboratory analytical procedure, vol. 1617, pp. 1-16, 2008.
[24] I. O. Maile, E. Muzenda, and C. Mbohwa, "Biochemical Methane Potential of OFMSW for City of Johannesburg," San Francisco on 26-28 October, 2016, 2016.
[25] J. Gao, L. Chen, Z. Yan, and L. Wang, "Effect of ionic liquid pretreatment on the composition, structure and biogas production of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)," Bioresource technology, vol. 132, pp. 361-364, 2013.
[26] O. I. Maile, E. Muzenda, and H. Tesfagiorgis, "chemical absorption of carbon dioxide in biogas purification," presented at the Procedia Manufacturing, 2017.
Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

  • Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Edward Kwaku Armah, Bright Boafo Boamah, Gifty Oppong Boakye. (2018). Impact of Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) as a Feedstock for Biogas Production. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 2(4), 184-188. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Edward Kwaku Armah; Bright Boafo Boamah; Gifty Oppong Boakye. Impact of Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) as a Feedstock for Biogas Production. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 2018, 2(4), 184-188. doi: 10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Edward Kwaku Armah, Bright Boafo Boamah, Gifty Oppong Boakye. Impact of Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) as a Feedstock for Biogas Production. Chem Biomol Eng. 2018;2(4):184-188. doi: 10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13,
      author = {Edward Kwaku Armah and Bright Boafo Boamah and Gifty Oppong Boakye},
      title = {Impact of Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) as a Feedstock for Biogas Production},
      journal = {Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering},
      volume = {2},
      number = {4},
      pages = {184-188},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cbe.20170204.13},
      abstract = {Globally, biogas is considered as a clean and renewable form of energy that could replace the increasing non-renewable energy usages. In view of this, there is an increasing demand for energy crops and animal manures for an eco-friendly energy source to supplement fossil fuel, aid in heat production and for electricity generation. Biochemical methane potential test is generally used to determine the possible methane that can be obtained from feedstocks. This study, however, aims at optimizing the anaerobic digestion of water hyacinth, Eicchornia crassipes with cattle manure in a biochemical methane potential test, controlled at mesophilic temperature (37 ± 1). Biodigester A (with the least methane yield) contained only the inoculum and was used as the blank, biodigester B (1:1 feedstock to inoculum ratio) and biodigester C (highest methane yield at 1:4 feedstocks to inoculum ratio) contained both the inoculum and the feedstock at different loading rates. Methane production was measured for a retention period of 30 days using three 1000ml Schott bottles as biodigesters in batch mode. Eicchornia crassipes was characterized in the batch reactor to enable the inoculum activity and the biogas volume reported during the 30 days. Qualitatively, the highest methane composition was found to be 60% whiles quantitatively, the cumulative average methane yield was 77ml throughout the study. The higher yield of methane observed in this study gives an indication of lower cost in the purification of the carbon dioxide from the produced biogas to be used in biofuels for electricity generation and also for combined heat and power production. Therefore, water hyacinth has the potential to produce biomethane which can be used to ease the dependency on fossil fuel derived energy and as an alternative energy source for combined heat and energy which is eco-friendly.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Impact of Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) as a Feedstock for Biogas Production
    AU  - Edward Kwaku Armah
    AU  - Bright Boafo Boamah
    AU  - Gifty Oppong Boakye
    Y1  - 2018/01/02
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13
    T2  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
    JF  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
    JO  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
    SP  - 184
    EP  - 188
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8884
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20170204.13
    AB  - Globally, biogas is considered as a clean and renewable form of energy that could replace the increasing non-renewable energy usages. In view of this, there is an increasing demand for energy crops and animal manures for an eco-friendly energy source to supplement fossil fuel, aid in heat production and for electricity generation. Biochemical methane potential test is generally used to determine the possible methane that can be obtained from feedstocks. This study, however, aims at optimizing the anaerobic digestion of water hyacinth, Eicchornia crassipes with cattle manure in a biochemical methane potential test, controlled at mesophilic temperature (37 ± 1). Biodigester A (with the least methane yield) contained only the inoculum and was used as the blank, biodigester B (1:1 feedstock to inoculum ratio) and biodigester C (highest methane yield at 1:4 feedstocks to inoculum ratio) contained both the inoculum and the feedstock at different loading rates. Methane production was measured for a retention period of 30 days using three 1000ml Schott bottles as biodigesters in batch mode. Eicchornia crassipes was characterized in the batch reactor to enable the inoculum activity and the biogas volume reported during the 30 days. Qualitatively, the highest methane composition was found to be 60% whiles quantitatively, the cumulative average methane yield was 77ml throughout the study. The higher yield of methane observed in this study gives an indication of lower cost in the purification of the carbon dioxide from the produced biogas to be used in biofuels for electricity generation and also for combined heat and power production. Therefore, water hyacinth has the potential to produce biomethane which can be used to ease the dependency on fossil fuel derived energy and as an alternative energy source for combined heat and energy which is eco-friendly.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections