Abelmoschus esculentus is an economically important medicinal plant grown in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. This paper was aimed to review the biological characteristics and its health benefits against certain diseases. Different parts of Abelmoschus esculentus are used for various purposes. Its immature fruits are consumed as vegetables, used in salads, soups and stews, fresh or dried form. Abelmoschus esculentus mucilage has medicinal applications when used as a plasma replacement or blood volume expander. The mucilage of Abelmoschus esculentus binds cholesterol and bile acid carrying toxins dumped into it by the liver. Abelmoschus esculentus seeds are a potential source of oil, with concentrations varying from 20% to 40%, which consists of linoleic acid up to 47.4%. Abelmoschus esculentus is rich source of phenolic and flavonoids. These phytochemicals are responsible for its high antioxidants and antimicrobial activity. Abelmoschus esculentus has vast potential of health beneficial effects on some of the important human diseases like cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, digestive diseases and some cancers s. Overall, Abelmoschus esculentus is an important plant with diverse biological properties and potential health benefits. Abelmoschus esculentus possesses high contents of fibers. These fibers help to stabilize blood sugar because their main function is to regulate the rate of sugar absorption from the intestinal tract. The fibers present in A. esculentus play a vital role in minimizing blood sugar level in the body, assisting along with diabetes. These fibers also help to support the level of blood sugar by slowing down the process of sugar absorption through the intestines. Abelmoschus esculentus is also recognized for having high antioxidants activity. Different parts of A. esculentus are rich source of phenolic compounds, largely flavanols derivatives and oligomeric catechins. These phenolic compounds have attained a lot of importance among other antioxidants. So, it is a good supplier to antioxidant status as well as a promising chemo-preventive agent.
| Published in | International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology (Volume 5, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15 |
| Page(s) | 44-51 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Abelmoschus esculentus, Antioxidant, Anti-diabetes, Biological Effects, Phytochemicals
| [1] | Jain N, Jain R, Jain V and Jain S (2012). A Review on: Abelmoschus Esculentus. 1 (3): 84-89. |
| [2] | Asare AT, E Asare-Bediako EA, Agyarko F, Taah K and Osei EO (2016) (2016). Phenotypic traits detect genetic variability in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus. L. Moench). Afr. J. Agric. Res. 11 (33): 3169-3177. |
| [3] | Gemede HF, Ratta N, Haki GD, Woldegiorgis AZ and Beyene F (2014). Nutritional quality and health benefits of “Okra” (Abelmoschus esculentus): A review. Glob. J. Med. Res. 14 (5): 28-37. |
| [4] | Muneerappa S (2018). A Review on Okra as an Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and An Excellent Energy Source. Org. Med. Chem. Int. J. 6 (1): 1-5. |
| [5] | Gemede HF, Ratta N, Haki GD, Woldegiorgis AZ and Beyene F (2015). Nutritional quality and health benefits of “Okra” (Abelmoschus esculentus): A review. Int. J. Nut. Food. Sci. 4 (2): 208-215. |
| [6] | Gemede HF, Haki GD, Beyene F, Woldegiorgis AZ, and Rakshit SK (2016). Proximate, mineral, and antinutrient compositions of indigenous Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) pod accessions: implications for mineral bioavailability. Food. Sci. Nutr. 4 (2): 223–233. |
| [7] | Sindhu RK, Puri V (2016). Phytochemical, Nutritional and Pharmacological evidences for Abelmoschus esculentus (L). J. Phy. Pharma. 5 (6): 238-241. |
| [8] | Adelakun OE, Olanipekun BF, Akingbaso O and Adhikar BM (2017). Effect of Fermentation and Variety on Quality Attributes of Okra Seed (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) Flour. Don. J. Food. Sci. Technol. 3 (1): 001-006. |
| [9] | Eshiet AJ and Brisibe EA (2015). Morphological Characterization and Yield Traits Analysis in Some Selected Varieties of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench). Adv. Crop. Sci. Tech. 3 (5): 1-5. |
| [10] | Khan MA, Khan FA, Smiullah, Ijaz U, Ali A and Nawaz S (2013). Genetic Studies for Quality and Nutrient Uptake in Okra Under Irrigated and Wastewater Muhammad. Intl. J. Agri. Crop. Sci. 6 (11): 744-749. |
| [11] | Roy A, Shrivastava SL and Mandal SM (2014). Functional properties of Okra Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench) traditional claims and scientific evidences. Plant Sci. Today. 1 (3): 121-131. |
| [12] | Kumar S, Dagnoko S, Haougui A, Ratnadass A, Pasternak D and Kouame C (2015). Okra (Abelmoschus spp.) in West and Central Africa: Potential and progress on its improvement. Afr. J. Agri. Res. 5 (25): 3590-3598. |
| [13] | Udengwu OS (2013). Effects of decapitation on dry fruit and seed yield of early (Abelmoschus esculentus) and late okra (Abelmoschuscaillei) cultivars in South Eastern Nigeria. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 8 (6): 541-552. |
| [14] | Onakpa MM (2013). Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of genus Abelmoschus. Phytopharmacology. 4 (3): 648-663. |
| [15] | Todarwa A, Jain P and Bari S (2011). Abelmoschusmanihot Linn: ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Asi. J. Tradi. Med. 6 (1): 1-8. |
| [16] | Giri M, Vivek J, Mahati K (2016). CNS Effects of Abelmoschusmoschatus. J. Pharm. Res. 15 (1): 1-5. |
| [17] | DeshrajCS, Chaudhari SR, Upasani CD (2013). Pharmacognostic standardization Of Leaves of AbelmoschusManihot (Linn) Medik. Int. J. Pharm. Res. & Develop. 4 (12): 123–130. |
| [18] | Gemede HF, Ratta N, Haki DG, Woldegiorgis AZ, Beyene F (2015). Nutritional quality and health benefits of “Okra”. J. Food. Process. Technol. 6 (6): 1-6. |
| [19] | Anjorin ST, Jolaos M and Golu M T (2013). A Survey of incidence and severity of pests and diseases of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and eggplant (Solanummelongena L.) in Abuja, Nigeria. Am. J. Res. Comm. 1 (11): 333-349. |
| [20] | Benchasri S (2011). Screening for Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus Resistance and Yield Loss of Okra under Field Conditions in Southern Thailand. J. Animal & Plant Sci. 12 (3): 1676-1686. |
| [21] | Graham JO, Agbenorhevi JK, Kpodo FM (2017). Total Phenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Okra Seeds from Different Genotypes. Am. J. Food. Nutr. 5 (3): 90-94. |
| [22] | Doreddula SK, S R Bonam SR, Gaddam DP, Desu BSR, Ramarao N and Pandy V (2014). Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Antistress, and Nootropic Activities of Aqueous and Methanolic Seed Extracts of Ladies Finger (Abelmoschusesculentus L.) in Mice. Sci. W. J. 10: 1-14. |
| [23] | Fana S, Zhanga Y, Sunba Q, Yua L, Lia M, Zhenga B, Wua X, Yanga B, Lia Y, Huanga C (2014). Extract of okra lowers blood glucose and serum lipids in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J. Nutr. Biochem. 25 (7): 702–709. |
| [24] | Dubey P and Mishra S (2017). A review on: Diabetes and okra (Abelmoschusesculentus). J. Medicinal Plants Stud. 5 (3): 23-26. |
| [25] | Sengkhamparn N, Verhoef R, Schols HA, Sajjaanantakul T and Voragen, AG. (2009). Characterisation of cell wall polysaccharides from okra (Abelmoschusesculentus (L.) Moench). Carbohydrate Res. 344 (14): 1824–1832. |
| [26] | Tomoda M, Shimizu N, Gonda R, Kanari M, Yamada H &Hikino H (1989). Anticomplementary and hypoglycemic activity of okra and hibiscus mucilage. Carbohydrate Res. 190: 323–328. |
| [27] | Kahlon TS, Chapman MH and Smith GE (2007). In vitro binding of bile acids by okra, beets, asparagus, eggplant, turnips, green beans, carrot and cauliflower. Food. Chem. 103: 676–680. |
| [28] | Sabitha V, Ramachandran S, Naveen KR and Panneerselvam K (2011). Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of Abelmoschusesculentus (L.) Moench in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Pharm. Bio. Allied. Sci. 3 (3): 397–402. |
| [29] | Ogwu MC and Osawaru ME (2014). Comparative Study of Microflora Population on the Phylloplaneof Common Okra [Abelmoschusesculentus (Moench.)]. Nig. J. Biotech. 28: 17-25. |
| [30] | Kumar DS, Tony DE, Kumar AP, Kumar KA, Rao DBS, Nadendla R (2013). A review on Abelmoschusesculentus (Okra). Int. Res. J. Pharm. App. Sci. 3 (4): 129-132. |
| [31] | Shiyab S, Al-Qarallah B, Akash M, Statieh M, Ayad J and Al-Sane K (2014), Response of Okra (Abelmoschusesculentus (L.) to Different Levels of Hoaglands Solution. Life. Sci. J. 11 (10): 1080-1086. |
| [32] | Benchasri S (2015). Effects of chemical and organic agricultural systems for okra (Abelmoschusesculentus L. Moench) production in Thailand. Aus. J. Crop. Sci. 9 (10): 968-975. |
| [33] | Nwangburuka CC, Kehinde OB, Ojo DK, Denton OA and Popoola AR (2011). Morphological classification of genetic diversity incultivated okra, Abelmoschusesculentus (L) Moench using principal component analysis (PCA) and single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA), Afr. J. Biotech. 10 (54): 11165-11172. |
| [34] | Franklin AM, Asuka S and Nobuko H (2015). Okra. Collage of agriculture and life science. 1 (5): 21-23. |
| [35] | Ayushi T, Prachee D, Gupta SK, Geeta W (2016). Screened Phytochemicals of A. esculentus Leaves and their Therapeutic Role as an Antioxidant. Int. J. Pharma. Phy. chem. Res. 8 (9): 1509-1515. |
| [36] | Lai X, Liang H, Zhao Y and Wang B (2009). Simultaneous Determination of Seven Active Flavonols in the Flowers of Abelmoschusmanihot by HPLC. J. Chrom. Sci. 47: 206-210. |
| [37] | Xia F, Yu Z, Li M, Chang Q, Li Y, Li X and Ruile P (2015). Antioxidant and Anti-Fatigue Constituents of Okra. J. Nutrients. 7 (10): 8846–8858. |
| [38] | Bello HS, Mustaph A, Isa MA and Rahila TC (2015). The In vitro antibacterial activity of okra (Abelmoschusesculentus) Against some selected bacteria from Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria. Int. J. Biosci. Nanosci. 2 (4): 84-88. |
| [39] | ZenginG, Aktumsek A, Guler GO, Cakmak YS and Yildiztugay E (2011). Antioxidant Properties of Methanolic Extract and Fatty Acid Composition of Centaureaurvillei DC. subsp. hayekianaWagenitz. Rec. Nat. Prod. 5: 2: 123-132. |
| [40] | Hu L, Yu W, Li Y, Nagendra P and Zhaoxin T (2014). Antioxidant Activity of Extract and Its Major Constituents from Okra Seed on Rat Hepatocytes Injured by Carbon Tetrachloride. Bio. Med. Res. Int. 10: 1-9. |
| [41] | Gemede HF, Ratta N, Haki GD, Beyene F, Woldegiorgis AZ (2015). Nutritional quality and health benefits of okra (Abelmoschusesculentus): A review. Am. J. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2 (1): 1-8. |
| [42] | Bakre LG and Jaiyeoba KT. (2009). Effects of drying methods on the physicochemical and compressional characteristics of Okra powder and the release properties of its metronidazole tablet formulation. Arch. Pharm. Res. 32 (2): 259-267. |
| [43] | Manee S and Kaewsrichan J (2017). Cosmeceutical Benefit of Abelmoschusesculentus L. Seed Extract. J. Pharm. Res. Int. 19 (6): 1-11. |
| [44] | Ifesan BOT, Fashakin JF, Ebosele F and OyerindeAS (2013). Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Selected Plant Leaves. Eur. J. Med. Plants. 3 (3): 465-473. |
| [45] | Muhammad I, Matazu K, Yaradua A, Nasir A, Matazu NU, Zainab AS, AbdulRahman MB, Bilbis LS and Abbas AY (2017). Antidiabetic Activity of Abelmoschusesculentus (Ex- Maradi Okra) Fruit in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats. Nig. J. Biochem. Mol. Bio. 32 (1): 44-52. |
| [46] | Nnenna OO, Iroegbu LU and Nkemjika J (2017). Anti-diabetic effects of okra [Abelmoschusesculentus (L.) Moench] fruits in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 29 (2): 94–101. |
| [47] | Ramachandran S, Sandeep VS, Srinivas N K, Dhanaraju MD (2010). Anti-diabetic activity of Abelmoschusesculentus Linn. onalloxaninduced diabetic rats. Research and Reviews in Bio Sciences. 4 (3): 121-123. |
| [48] | Ngoc TH, Ngoc QN, Van ATT and Phung NV (2008). Hypolipidemic effect of extracts from Abelmoschusesculentus L. (Malvaceae) on Tyloxapolinducedhyperlipidemia in mice. J. Pharma. Sci. 35 (1-4): 42–46. |
| [49] | Lengsfeld C, Titgemeyer F, Faller G, &Hensel, A. (2004). Glycosylated compounds from okra inhibit adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to human gastric mucosa. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52 (6): 1495-1503. |
| [50] | Tian ZH, Miao FT, Zhang X, Wang QH, Lei N and Guo LC (2015). Therapeutic effect of okra extract on gestational diabetes mellitus rats induced by streptozotocin. Asi. Paci. J. Tropical. Med. 8 (12): 1038–1042. |
| [51] | Taiye OA, Temitope LO, Christopher IC and Bolanle A (2013). Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity of Abelmoschusesculentus L. Moench (okra): An in vitro Study. Afr. J. Pure and Appl. Chem. 7 (9): 330-336. |
| [52] | De Carvalho CCCR, Cruz PA, Da Fonseca MMR and Filho LX (2011). Antibacterial Properties of the Extract of Abelmoschusesculentus. Biotechnol. Bio. processs Eng. 16 (5): 971-977. |
| [53] | Petropoulos S, Fernandes A, Barros L, Ciric A, Sokovic M and Ferreira (2017). The chemical composition, nutritional value and antimicrobial properties of Abelmoschusesculentus seeds. 8 (12): 4733-4743. |
| [54] | Leclere L, Fransolet M, Cote F, Cambier P, Arnould T, Cutsem PV, Michie C (2015). Heat-Modified Citrus Pectin Induces Apoptosis-Like Cell Death and Autophagy in HepG2 and A549 Cancer Cells. 10 (3): 1-24. |
| [55] | Messing J, Thole C, Niehues M, Shevtsova A, Glocker, E, &Hensel, A. (2014). Antiadhesive properties of Abelmoschusesculentus (Okra) immature fruit extract against Helicobacter pylori adhesi on. PLoS One, 9 (1): 1-10. |
| [56] | Georgiadisa N, Ritzoulisa C, Siouraa G, Kornezoua P, Vasiliadoub C, & Tsioptsiasa, C. (2011). Contribution of okraextracts to the stability and rheology of oil-in-water emulsions. Food. Hydro colloids. 25 (5): 991–999. |
| [57] | Zaharuddin ND, Noordin MI and Ali K (2014). The Use of Hibiscus esculentus (Okra) Gum in Sustaining the Release of Propranolol Hydrochloride in a Solid Oral Dosage Form. Bio. Med. Res. Int. 1-8. |
APA Style
Mamuna Hafeez, Syeda Mona Hassan, Shahzad Sharif Mughal, Ali Raza Ayub, Muhammad Yasin, et al. (2020). Evaluation of Biological Characteristics of Abelmoschus esculentus. International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 5(2), 44-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15
ACS Style
Mamuna Hafeez; Syeda Mona Hassan; Shahzad Sharif Mughal; Ali Raza Ayub; Muhammad Yasin, et al. Evaluation of Biological Characteristics of Abelmoschus esculentus. Int. J. Biochem. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2020, 5(2), 44-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15
AMA Style
Mamuna Hafeez, Syeda Mona Hassan, Shahzad Sharif Mughal, Ali Raza Ayub, Muhammad Yasin, et al. Evaluation of Biological Characteristics of Abelmoschus esculentus. Int J Biochem Biophys Mol Biol. 2020;5(2):44-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15,
author = {Mamuna Hafeez and Syeda Mona Hassan and Shahzad Sharif Mughal and Ali Raza Ayub and Muhammad Yasin and Muhammad Nasir Mehmood Khan and Maryam Mushtaq and Muhammad Kamran Khan},
title = {Evaluation of Biological Characteristics of Abelmoschus esculentus},
journal = {International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {44-51},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbbmb.20200502.15},
abstract = {Abelmoschus esculentus is an economically important medicinal plant grown in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. This paper was aimed to review the biological characteristics and its health benefits against certain diseases. Different parts of Abelmoschus esculentus are used for various purposes. Its immature fruits are consumed as vegetables, used in salads, soups and stews, fresh or dried form. Abelmoschus esculentus mucilage has medicinal applications when used as a plasma replacement or blood volume expander. The mucilage of Abelmoschus esculentus binds cholesterol and bile acid carrying toxins dumped into it by the liver. Abelmoschus esculentus seeds are a potential source of oil, with concentrations varying from 20% to 40%, which consists of linoleic acid up to 47.4%. Abelmoschus esculentus is rich source of phenolic and flavonoids. These phytochemicals are responsible for its high antioxidants and antimicrobial activity. Abelmoschus esculentus has vast potential of health beneficial effects on some of the important human diseases like cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, digestive diseases and some cancers s. Overall, Abelmoschus esculentus is an important plant with diverse biological properties and potential health benefits. Abelmoschus esculentus possesses high contents of fibers. These fibers help to stabilize blood sugar because their main function is to regulate the rate of sugar absorption from the intestinal tract. The fibers present in A. esculentus play a vital role in minimizing blood sugar level in the body, assisting along with diabetes. These fibers also help to support the level of blood sugar by slowing down the process of sugar absorption through the intestines. Abelmoschus esculentus is also recognized for having high antioxidants activity. Different parts of A. esculentus are rich source of phenolic compounds, largely flavanols derivatives and oligomeric catechins. These phenolic compounds have attained a lot of importance among other antioxidants. So, it is a good supplier to antioxidant status as well as a promising chemo-preventive agent.},
year = {2020}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Biological Characteristics of Abelmoschus esculentus AU - Mamuna Hafeez AU - Syeda Mona Hassan AU - Shahzad Sharif Mughal AU - Ali Raza Ayub AU - Muhammad Yasin AU - Muhammad Nasir Mehmood Khan AU - Maryam Mushtaq AU - Muhammad Kamran Khan Y1 - 2020/11/19 PY - 2020 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15 DO - 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15 T2 - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology JF - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology JO - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology SP - 44 EP - 51 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-5862 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20200502.15 AB - Abelmoschus esculentus is an economically important medicinal plant grown in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. This paper was aimed to review the biological characteristics and its health benefits against certain diseases. Different parts of Abelmoschus esculentus are used for various purposes. Its immature fruits are consumed as vegetables, used in salads, soups and stews, fresh or dried form. Abelmoschus esculentus mucilage has medicinal applications when used as a plasma replacement or blood volume expander. The mucilage of Abelmoschus esculentus binds cholesterol and bile acid carrying toxins dumped into it by the liver. Abelmoschus esculentus seeds are a potential source of oil, with concentrations varying from 20% to 40%, which consists of linoleic acid up to 47.4%. Abelmoschus esculentus is rich source of phenolic and flavonoids. These phytochemicals are responsible for its high antioxidants and antimicrobial activity. Abelmoschus esculentus has vast potential of health beneficial effects on some of the important human diseases like cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, digestive diseases and some cancers s. Overall, Abelmoschus esculentus is an important plant with diverse biological properties and potential health benefits. Abelmoschus esculentus possesses high contents of fibers. These fibers help to stabilize blood sugar because their main function is to regulate the rate of sugar absorption from the intestinal tract. The fibers present in A. esculentus play a vital role in minimizing blood sugar level in the body, assisting along with diabetes. These fibers also help to support the level of blood sugar by slowing down the process of sugar absorption through the intestines. Abelmoschus esculentus is also recognized for having high antioxidants activity. Different parts of A. esculentus are rich source of phenolic compounds, largely flavanols derivatives and oligomeric catechins. These phenolic compounds have attained a lot of importance among other antioxidants. So, it is a good supplier to antioxidant status as well as a promising chemo-preventive agent. VL - 5 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: