Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties

Mohamed Ali Terres; Brahim Ben Fathallah; Abdelkarim Ghanem

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17

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Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties

Mohamed Ali Terres, Brahim Ben Fathallah, Abdelkarim Ghanem

Published in American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 1)

Received: 12 August 2016 Accepted: 25 August 2016 Published: 4 January 2017

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Abstract

In this work the 42CrMo4 steel ground surface integrity was evaluated at different grinding conditions before and after nitriding. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the influence of depth of cut on work piece surface integrity by grinding. Surface integrity was characterized by roughness, micro-hardness, residual stress distribution and ground surface morphology. These properties were compared to nitriding state. These improvements in grindability and in surface integrity are particularly favoured by low depth of cut values. It is also shown that these improvements are essentially due to the reduction of the grinding temperature, which decrease the tensile residual stresses and favours the material removal by shearing and limits the ground surface damage. The roughness of the ground work piece surfaces increases with the depth of cut, which was attributed to plastically deformed coatings on the work piece surface occurring with elevated temperature. The results presented in this study shows that the material history before nitriding does not have any influence on the residual stresses distribution after nitriding. This is due to that during the nitriding treatment, especially in the heating phase; the tensile stresses generated by grinding are cancelled under the temperature effect.

Published in	American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17
Page(s)	41-47
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Grinding, Nitriding, Surface Defects, Surface Roughness, Residual Stress, Work Hardening

References

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[2]	M. A. Terres, S. Ben Mohamed and H. Sidhom: Influence of ion nitriding on fatigue strength of low-alloy (42CrMo4) steel: Experimental characterization and predictive approach. International Journal of Fatigue, 2010, 9: 42-56.
[3]	A. Alsaran, M. Karakan, A. Celik, The investigation of mechanical properties of ion-nitrided AISI 5140 low-alloy steel. Material Characterization 48 (2002) 323-327.
[4]	K. S. Jung, R. E. Schacherl, E. Bischoff, E. J. Mittemeijer, Nitriding of FerriticFe-Cr-Al Alloys. Surface. Coating Technology, Vol 204 (2010) 1942–1946
[5]	N. Limodin and Y. Verreman: Fatigue Strength Improvement of a 4140 Steel by Gas Nitriding: Influence of Notch Severity. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2006, 435-436: 460–467.
[6]	G. A. Webster, A. N. Ezilo, Residual stress distributions and their influence on fatigue life times. International Journal of Fatigue 23 (2001) S375-S383
[7]	B. Y. Jeong, M. H. Kim, Effects of the process parameters on the layer formation behavior of plasma nitrided steels. Surface and coatings Technology 141 (2001) 182-186.
[8]	E. J. Mittemeijer, Max Planck, Fundamentals of Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing. ASM Handbook,Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes,Volume 4A (2013) 619-645.
[9]	H. Selg, E. Bischoff, I. Bernstein,T. Woehrle, S.R. Meka, Defect-Dependent Nitride Surface-Layer Development upon Nitriding of Fe-1at.%Mo Alloy. Philos. Mag., Vol 93 (2013)2133–2160
[10]	G.F. Li, L. S. Wang, L. B Yang, Multi parameter optimization and control of the cylindrical grinding process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 129 (2002) 232-236.
[11]	N. Ben Fredj, C. Braham, H. Sidhom, Ground surface improvement of the austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 using cryogenic cooling. Surface & Coatings Technology 200 (2006) 4846-4860.
[12]	A. Barbacki, M. Kawalec, A. Hamrol, Turning and grinding as a source of microstructural changes in the surface layer of hardened steel. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 133 (2003) 21-25.
[13]	X. P. Xu, Y. Q. Yu & H. J. Xu, Effect of grinding temperatures on the surface integrity of a nickel-based super alloy. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 129(2002) 359-363.
[14]	B. Ben Fathallah, N. Ben Fredj, H. Sidhom, C. Braham & Y. Ichida, Effects of abrasive type cooling mode and peripheral grinding wheel speed on the AISI D2 steel ground surface integrity. International Journal of Machine tools & manufacture 49 (2009) 261-272.
[15]	Bogdan W. Kruszynski, Ryszard Wojeik, Residual stress in grinding. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 109 (2001) 254-257.
[16]	M. J. Balart, A. Bouzina, L. Edwards, M.E. Fitzapatrick, The onset of tensile residual stresses in grinding of hardened. Materials Science and Engineering 367A (2004) 12-142.

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APA Style

Mohamed Ali Terres, Brahim Ben Fathallah, Abdelkarim Ghanem. (2017). Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties. American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2(1), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17

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ACS Style

Mohamed Ali Terres; Brahim Ben Fathallah; Abdelkarim Ghanem. Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties. Am. J. Mech. Ind. Eng. 2017, 2(1), 41-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17

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AMA Style

Mohamed Ali Terres, Brahim Ben Fathallah, Abdelkarim Ghanem. Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties. Am J Mech Ind Eng. 2017;2(1):41-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17

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@article{10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17,
  author = {Mohamed Ali Terres and Brahim Ben Fathallah and Abdelkarim Ghanem},
  title = {Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties},
  journal = {American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {41-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmie.20170201.17},
  abstract = {In this work the 42CrMo4 steel ground surface integrity was evaluated at different grinding conditions before and after nitriding. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the influence of depth of cut on work piece surface integrity by grinding. Surface integrity was characterized by roughness, micro-hardness, residual stress distribution and ground surface morphology. These properties were compared to nitriding state. These improvements in grindability and in surface integrity are particularly favoured by low depth of cut values. It is also shown that these improvements are essentially due to the reduction of the grinding temperature, which decrease the tensile residual stresses and favours the material removal by shearing and limits the ground surface damage. The roughness of the ground work piece surfaces increases with the depth of cut, which was attributed to plastically deformed coatings on the work piece surface occurring with elevated temperature. The results presented in this study shows that the material history before nitriding does not have any influence on the residual stresses distribution after nitriding. This is due to that during the nitriding treatment, especially in the heating phase; the tensile stresses generated by grinding are cancelled under the temperature effect.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties
AU  - Mohamed Ali Terres
AU  - Brahim Ben Fathallah
AU  - Abdelkarim Ghanem
Y1  - 2017/01/04
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17
T2  - American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
SP  - 41
EP  - 47
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-6060
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17
AB  - In this work the 42CrMo4 steel ground surface integrity was evaluated at different grinding conditions before and after nitriding. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the influence of depth of cut on work piece surface integrity by grinding. Surface integrity was characterized by roughness, micro-hardness, residual stress distribution and ground surface morphology. These properties were compared to nitriding state. These improvements in grindability and in surface integrity are particularly favoured by low depth of cut values. It is also shown that these improvements are essentially due to the reduction of the grinding temperature, which decrease the tensile residual stresses and favours the material removal by shearing and limits the ground surface damage. The roughness of the ground work piece surfaces increases with the depth of cut, which was attributed to plastically deformed coatings on the work piece surface occurring with elevated temperature. The results presented in this study shows that the material history before nitriding does not have any influence on the residual stresses distribution after nitriding. This is due to that during the nitriding treatment, especially in the heating phase; the tensile stresses generated by grinding are cancelled under the temperature effect.
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Mohamed Ali Terres

Laboratory Mechanics, Materials and Processes (LMMP) ENSIT, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Brahim Ben Fathallah

Laboratory Mechanics, Materials and Processes (LMMP) ENSIT, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Abdelkarim Ghanem

Laboratory Mechanics, Materials and Processes (LMMP) ENSIT, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mohamed Ali Terres, Brahim Ben Fathallah, Abdelkarim Ghanem. (2017). Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties. American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2(1), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17

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ACS Style

Mohamed Ali Terres; Brahim Ben Fathallah; Abdelkarim Ghanem. Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties. Am. J. Mech. Ind. Eng. 2017, 2(1), 41-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mohamed Ali Terres, Brahim Ben Fathallah, Abdelkarim Ghanem. Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties. Am J Mech Ind Eng. 2017;2(1):41-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17,
  author = {Mohamed Ali Terres and Brahim Ben Fathallah and Abdelkarim Ghanem},
  title = {Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties},
  journal = {American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {41-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmie.20170201.17},
  abstract = {In this work the 42CrMo4 steel ground surface integrity was evaluated at different grinding conditions before and after nitriding. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the influence of depth of cut on work piece surface integrity by grinding. Surface integrity was characterized by roughness, micro-hardness, residual stress distribution and ground surface morphology. These properties were compared to nitriding state. These improvements in grindability and in surface integrity are particularly favoured by low depth of cut values. It is also shown that these improvements are essentially due to the reduction of the grinding temperature, which decrease the tensile residual stresses and favours the material removal by shearing and limits the ground surface damage. The roughness of the ground work piece surfaces increases with the depth of cut, which was attributed to plastically deformed coatings on the work piece surface occurring with elevated temperature. The results presented in this study shows that the material history before nitriding does not have any influence on the residual stresses distribution after nitriding. This is due to that during the nitriding treatment, especially in the heating phase; the tensile stresses generated by grinding are cancelled under the temperature effect.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Surface Pre-treatment on the Nitrided Layers Properties
AU  - Mohamed Ali Terres
AU  - Brahim Ben Fathallah
AU  - Abdelkarim Ghanem
Y1  - 2017/01/04
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17
T2  - American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
SP  - 41
EP  - 47
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-6060
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmie.20170201.17
AB  - In this work the 42CrMo4 steel ground surface integrity was evaluated at different grinding conditions before and after nitriding. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the influence of depth of cut on work piece surface integrity by grinding. Surface integrity was characterized by roughness, micro-hardness, residual stress distribution and ground surface morphology. These properties were compared to nitriding state. These improvements in grindability and in surface integrity are particularly favoured by low depth of cut values. It is also shown that these improvements are essentially due to the reduction of the grinding temperature, which decrease the tensile residual stresses and favours the material removal by shearing and limits the ground surface damage. The roughness of the ground work piece surfaces increases with the depth of cut, which was attributed to plastically deformed coatings on the work piece surface occurring with elevated temperature. The results presented in this study shows that the material history before nitriding does not have any influence on the residual stresses distribution after nitriding. This is due to that during the nitriding treatment, especially in the heating phase; the tensile stresses generated by grinding are cancelled under the temperature effect.
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download