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Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV/AIDS Clients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Received: 11 March 2013    Accepted:     Published: 10 March 2013
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Abstract

Background: HIV/AIDS and malnutrition effects are interrelated and exacerbate one another in a vicious cycle. HIV specifically affects nutritional status by increasing energy requirements, reducing food intake, and adversely affecting nutrient absorption and metabolism. In Ethiopia since its detection, has claimed lives of millions. Even in the era of ART, it could not be tackled since the dispute of malnutrition is unanswered. Therefore the study aimed to assess nutritional status and associated risk factors among adult HIV/AIDS clients in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Method: was facility based cross sectional survey in Felege Hiwot referral Hospital. On average 50-60 Pre-ART and/or on ART care clients were visiting the Hospital daily. Taking the first patient as case one, every 4th of daily attendances were interviewed using interviewer administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. SPSS version 16 statistical software was used to enter and analyze the data. Binary logistic regression was used to assess effect of factors on HIV/AIDS clients’ nutritional status. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistical significant. Results: 408 HIV/AIDS clients were interviewed, of them 104 (25.5%) were chronic energy deficient (BMI<18.5kg/m2); 36.5% from pre-ART, 63.5% from on ART care. Proportion of mildly, moderately, and severely malnourished participants were 64.4%, 19.2%, and 16.4% respectively. Females were most affected (56.7%). HIV/AIDS related symptoms 2weeks prior to the survey (AOR=1.93, 95% CL: 1.18-10.0); eating difficulty (AOR=1.80, 95% CL: 1.10-2.04); Pre ART clients (AOR=1.77, 95% CL: 1.08-2.90); and on ARV drugs < 12months (AOR=1.7, 95% CL: 1.04-3.78) were the predictors associated to malnutrition. Conclusions: Chronic energy deficiency was prevalent in PLWHA. HIV related symptoms, feeding difficulties and duration on ART were the predictors for malnutrition. Only increasing access to ART can’t solve problem of malnutrition, therefore nutrition therapy and support as an adjunct to the initiation of ART should be considered.

DOI 10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14
Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 1, Issue 1, March 2013)
Page(s) 24-31
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Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Malnutrition, Nutritional Status, HIV, Antiretroviral Therapy

References
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[2] The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Report on Food and Nutrition for People Living with HIV/AIDS, 05, May, 2007.pp25-30
[3] Stephen D. WORLD AIDS DAY the role of nutrition in living with HIV/ AIDS.01-Dec-2008.pp 12-15
[4] Daniel J. Raiten, Steven G. and Stephen A. Nutritional considerations in Resource-limited settings Consultation on Nutrition & HIV/AIDS in Africa: Evidence, lessons & recommendations for action 10-13 April 2005.
[5] Bonnard, Tony C., Bruce C., Leslie E., Sandra R. and Caroline NUTRITION and HIV/AIDS: Evidence, Gaps, and Priority Actions Academy for Educational Development (AED) prepared by Ellen Piwoz of the Support for Analysis and Research in Africa (SARA) project with inputs from Patricia 2006.
[6] The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/the World Bank. HIV/AIDS, nutrition, and food security: what we can do. A Synthesis of international guidance, 2007).
[7] UNAIDS Report. Millennium Development Goals, Six things you need to know about the AIDS response today. 2010).
[8] Rachael M. Duke University Positive Living: Nutritional Realities and Interventions for People Living with HIV. May 2008.
[9] Emily W., MD and Rachel R. Malnutrition HIV in Site Knowledge Base Chapter University of California San Francisco, October 2006
[10] Asgeir J., Ezra N., Bernard J et al. Predictors of mortality in HIV-infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy. In Tanzania Ural hospital. 22 April 2008.
[11] Food and Nutrition, Technical, Assistance Project (FANTA). Food and Nutrition Implications of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Kenya A Formative Assessment February 2005.pp45-46
[12] Dale Ames Kline, MS, RD, CNSC, LD. Prevalence and pattern of HIV-related malnutrition among women in sub-Saharan Africa HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS: Immune Function & Nutrition, July 2008.pp3-5.
[13] Tang A., Jacobson DL, Spiegel man D et al. Increasing risk of 5% or greater unintentional weight loss in a cohort of HIV infected patients, 1995 to 2003.
[14] Daniel J. Raiten, Steven G. and Stephen A. Consultation on Nutrition and HIV/AIDS in Africa: Evidence, lessons and recommendations for action, April, 2005.pp35-36
[15] The International Bank for Reconstruction and development/World Bank Nutrition, and food Security: what we can do. A Synthesis of international guidance 2007:
[16] The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health National Nutrition and HIV/AIDS Implementation Reference Manual. Ministry of Health Sept. 2008.
[17] Sati B, Garg DK, Purohit SD, Rathore R, Haag A, Mora C; Prevalence of malnutrition among HIV infected individuals in Rajasthan, India. Jul: 2004 abstract no. MoPeB3267.
[18] R.Zacharia, M.P.Spiemann, A.D.Harries and F.M.L.salanponi moderate to sever malnutrition in a patient with tuberculosis is a risk factor associated with early death; National Tuberculosis control program of Malawi community health science unit private; 2002, page 65,
[19] Olalekan A Uthman. Prevalence and pattern of HIV-related malnutrition among women in sub-Saharan Africa: meta-analysis of demographic health surveys, July, 2008
[20] Mangili A, Murman DH, Zampini AM et al. Nutrition and HIV infection: review of weight loss and wasting in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy from the nutrition for healthy living cohort. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2006, 42: 836-842.
[21] Kelly, P.; Summerbell, C.; Ngwenya, B.; Mandanda, B.; Hosp, M.; Fuchs, D.; Wachter, H.; Luo, N. P.; Pobee, J.O.M.; Farthing, M.J.G.Systemic immune activation as a potential determinant of wasting in Zambians with HIV-related diarrhea. Qjm. 89(11):831-837, November 199625.
[22] MOH and HAPCO, Monthly HIV Care and ART Update, by site as end of December 9, 2008 pp-2
[23] WHO, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, Nutritional considerations in the use of ART in resource-limited settings Consultation on Nutrition and HIV/AIDS in Africa: Evidence, lessons and recommendations for action Durban, South Africa 10−13 April 2005, World Health Organization 2005
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Author Information
  • Amhara National Regional State Health Bureau, Nutrition officer, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

  • University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Bahir Dar University: College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Public Health; Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

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    Molla Daniel, Fekadu Mazengia, Dereje Birhanu. (2013). Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV/AIDS Clients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health, 1(1), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14

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    Molla Daniel; Fekadu Mazengia; Dereje Birhanu. Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV/AIDS Clients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Sci. J. Public Health 2013, 1(1), 24-31. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14

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    AMA Style

    Molla Daniel, Fekadu Mazengia, Dereje Birhanu. Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV/AIDS Clients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2013;1(1):24-31. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14,
      author = {Molla Daniel and Fekadu Mazengia and Dereje Birhanu},
      title = {Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV/AIDS Clients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia},
      journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {1},
      number = {1},
      pages = {24-31},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20130101.14},
      abstract = {Background: HIV/AIDS and malnutrition effects are interrelated and exacerbate one another in a vicious cycle. HIV specifically affects nutritional status by increasing energy requirements, reducing food intake, and adversely affecting nutrient absorption and metabolism. In Ethiopia since its detection, has claimed lives of millions. Even in the era of ART, it could not be tackled since the dispute of malnutrition is unanswered. Therefore the study aimed to assess nutritional status and associated risk factors among adult HIV/AIDS clients in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Method: was facility based cross sectional survey in Felege Hiwot referral Hospital. On average 50-60 Pre-ART and/or on ART care clients were visiting the Hospital daily. Taking the first patient as case one, every 4th of daily attendances were interviewed using interviewer administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. SPSS version 16 statistical software was used to enter and analyze the data. Binary logistic regression was used to assess effect of factors on HIV/AIDS clients’ nutritional status. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistical significant. Results: 408 HIV/AIDS clients were interviewed, of them 104 (25.5%) were chronic energy deficient (BMI<18.5kg/m2); 36.5% from pre-ART, 63.5% from on ART care. Proportion of mildly, moderately, and severely malnourished participants were 64.4%, 19.2%, and 16.4% respectively. Females were most affected (56.7%). HIV/AIDS related symptoms 2weeks prior to the survey (AOR=1.93, 95% CL: 1.18-10.0); eating difficulty (AOR=1.80, 95% CL: 1.10-2.04); Pre ART clients (AOR=1.77, 95% CL: 1.08-2.90); and on ARV drugs < 12months (AOR=1.7, 95% CL: 1.04-3.78) were the predictors associated to malnutrition. Conclusions: Chronic energy deficiency was prevalent in PLWHA. HIV related symptoms, feeding difficulties and duration on ART were the predictors for malnutrition. Only increasing access to ART can’t solve problem of malnutrition, therefore nutrition therapy and support as an adjunct to the initiation of ART should be considered.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV/AIDS Clients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
    AU  - Molla Daniel
    AU  - Fekadu Mazengia
    AU  - Dereje Birhanu
    Y1  - 2013/03/10
    PY  - 2013
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14
    T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 24
    EP  - 31
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7950
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20130101.14
    AB  - Background: HIV/AIDS and malnutrition effects are interrelated and exacerbate one another in a vicious cycle. HIV specifically affects nutritional status by increasing energy requirements, reducing food intake, and adversely affecting nutrient absorption and metabolism. In Ethiopia since its detection, has claimed lives of millions. Even in the era of ART, it could not be tackled since the dispute of malnutrition is unanswered. Therefore the study aimed to assess nutritional status and associated risk factors among adult HIV/AIDS clients in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Method: was facility based cross sectional survey in Felege Hiwot referral Hospital. On average 50-60 Pre-ART and/or on ART care clients were visiting the Hospital daily. Taking the first patient as case one, every 4th of daily attendances were interviewed using interviewer administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. SPSS version 16 statistical software was used to enter and analyze the data. Binary logistic regression was used to assess effect of factors on HIV/AIDS clients’ nutritional status. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistical significant. Results: 408 HIV/AIDS clients were interviewed, of them 104 (25.5%) were chronic energy deficient (BMI<18.5kg/m2); 36.5% from pre-ART, 63.5% from on ART care. Proportion of mildly, moderately, and severely malnourished participants were 64.4%, 19.2%, and 16.4% respectively. Females were most affected (56.7%). HIV/AIDS related symptoms 2weeks prior to the survey (AOR=1.93, 95% CL: 1.18-10.0); eating difficulty (AOR=1.80, 95% CL: 1.10-2.04); Pre ART clients (AOR=1.77, 95% CL: 1.08-2.90); and on ARV drugs < 12months (AOR=1.7, 95% CL: 1.04-3.78) were the predictors associated to malnutrition. Conclusions: Chronic energy deficiency was prevalent in PLWHA. HIV related symptoms, feeding difficulties and duration on ART were the predictors for malnutrition. Only increasing access to ART can’t solve problem of malnutrition, therefore nutrition therapy and support as an adjunct to the initiation of ART should be considered.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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