Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies

Antonio Martinez-Frances

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13

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Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies

Antonio Martinez-Frances

Published in American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 9, Issue 4)

Received: 16 May 2021 Accepted: 7 June 2021 Published: 9 July 2021

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Abstract

An increasing number of prevalent conditions in the adult population associated with absolute or/and functional iron deficiencies (ID) may predispose to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Oral iron formulations, especially ferrous salts, are generally regarded as the first line therapies for adult-onset ID and IDA according to several current guidelines. However, they have been frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects, and with a subsequent high treatment discontinuation. Iron protein succinylate (IPS) is an iron complex containing 5% of ferric iron engulfed in a succinylated casein shell that precipitates in acid pH and becomes soluble at neutral to alkaline pH, gradually releasing iron into the intestinal lumen, and, hence, overcoming the gastric and intestinal problems of the ferrous compounds, as well as improving intestinal iron absorption. Besides, IPS has shown to prevent the up regulation of the expression of hepcidin or to induce its expression at a smaller extent when compared with ferrous sulphate (FS). This narrative review addresses the efficacy and safety profiles of IPS for the treatment of ID and IDA in adult patients with a wide range of clinical conditions, such as preoperative and postoperative ID, elderly ID, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypothyroidism, regular blood donors, and ID developed in young athletes. In conclusion, IPS compares favorably in efficacy and safety with other currently available oral iron preparations, showing a fast and steady improvement in hematologic parameters (that reflect a better iron absorption), and a lower incidence of adverse events.

Published in	American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13
Page(s)	171-185
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Iron Deficiency, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Adults, Iron Protein Succinylate, Oral Iron Treatment

References

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Antonio Martinez-Frances. (2021). Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 9(4), 171-185. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13

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Antonio Martinez-Frances. Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2021, 9(4), 171-185. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13

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Antonio Martinez-Frances. Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies. Am J Intern Med. 2021;9(4):171-185. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13,
  author = {Antonio Martinez-Frances},
  title = {Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {171-185},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20210904.13},
  abstract = {An increasing number of prevalent conditions in the adult population associated with absolute or/and functional iron deficiencies (ID) may predispose to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Oral iron formulations, especially ferrous salts, are generally regarded as the first line therapies for adult-onset ID and IDA according to several current guidelines. However, they have been frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects, and with a subsequent high treatment discontinuation. Iron protein succinylate (IPS) is an iron complex containing 5% of ferric iron engulfed in a succinylated casein shell that precipitates in acid pH and becomes soluble at neutral to alkaline pH, gradually releasing iron into the intestinal lumen, and, hence, overcoming the gastric and intestinal problems of the ferrous compounds, as well as improving intestinal iron absorption. Besides, IPS has shown to prevent the up regulation of the expression of hepcidin or to induce its expression at a smaller extent when compared with ferrous sulphate (FS). This narrative review addresses the efficacy and safety profiles of IPS for the treatment of ID and IDA in adult patients with a wide range of clinical conditions, such as preoperative and postoperative ID, elderly ID, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypothyroidism, regular blood donors, and ID developed in young athletes. In conclusion, IPS compares favorably in efficacy and safety with other currently available oral iron preparations, showing a fast and steady improvement in hematologic parameters (that reflect a better iron absorption), and a lower incidence of adverse events.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies
AU  - Antonio Martinez-Frances
Y1  - 2021/07/09
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 171
EP  - 185
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13
AB  - An increasing number of prevalent conditions in the adult population associated with absolute or/and functional iron deficiencies (ID) may predispose to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Oral iron formulations, especially ferrous salts, are generally regarded as the first line therapies for adult-onset ID and IDA according to several current guidelines. However, they have been frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects, and with a subsequent high treatment discontinuation. Iron protein succinylate (IPS) is an iron complex containing 5% of ferric iron engulfed in a succinylated casein shell that precipitates in acid pH and becomes soluble at neutral to alkaline pH, gradually releasing iron into the intestinal lumen, and, hence, overcoming the gastric and intestinal problems of the ferrous compounds, as well as improving intestinal iron absorption. Besides, IPS has shown to prevent the up regulation of the expression of hepcidin or to induce its expression at a smaller extent when compared with ferrous sulphate (FS). This narrative review addresses the efficacy and safety profiles of IPS for the treatment of ID and IDA in adult patients with a wide range of clinical conditions, such as preoperative and postoperative ID, elderly ID, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypothyroidism, regular blood donors, and ID developed in young athletes. In conclusion, IPS compares favorably in efficacy and safety with other currently available oral iron preparations, showing a fast and steady improvement in hematologic parameters (that reflect a better iron absorption), and a lower incidence of adverse events.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Antonio Martinez-Frances

Haematology Department, University Hospital of Santa Lucia, Cartagena, Spain

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APA Style

Antonio Martinez-Frances. (2021). Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 9(4), 171-185. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13

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ACS Style

Antonio Martinez-Frances. Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2021, 9(4), 171-185. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13

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Antonio Martinez-Frances. Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies. Am J Intern Med. 2021;9(4):171-185. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13,
  author = {Antonio Martinez-Frances},
  title = {Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {171-185},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20210904.13},
  abstract = {An increasing number of prevalent conditions in the adult population associated with absolute or/and functional iron deficiencies (ID) may predispose to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Oral iron formulations, especially ferrous salts, are generally regarded as the first line therapies for adult-onset ID and IDA according to several current guidelines. However, they have been frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects, and with a subsequent high treatment discontinuation. Iron protein succinylate (IPS) is an iron complex containing 5% of ferric iron engulfed in a succinylated casein shell that precipitates in acid pH and becomes soluble at neutral to alkaline pH, gradually releasing iron into the intestinal lumen, and, hence, overcoming the gastric and intestinal problems of the ferrous compounds, as well as improving intestinal iron absorption. Besides, IPS has shown to prevent the up regulation of the expression of hepcidin or to induce its expression at a smaller extent when compared with ferrous sulphate (FS). This narrative review addresses the efficacy and safety profiles of IPS for the treatment of ID and IDA in adult patients with a wide range of clinical conditions, such as preoperative and postoperative ID, elderly ID, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypothyroidism, regular blood donors, and ID developed in young athletes. In conclusion, IPS compares favorably in efficacy and safety with other currently available oral iron preparations, showing a fast and steady improvement in hematologic parameters (that reflect a better iron absorption), and a lower incidence of adverse events.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Iron Protein Succinylate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adults with Diverse Pathologies
AU  - Antonio Martinez-Frances
Y1  - 2021/07/09
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 171
EP  - 185
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20210904.13
AB  - An increasing number of prevalent conditions in the adult population associated with absolute or/and functional iron deficiencies (ID) may predispose to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Oral iron formulations, especially ferrous salts, are generally regarded as the first line therapies for adult-onset ID and IDA according to several current guidelines. However, they have been frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects, and with a subsequent high treatment discontinuation. Iron protein succinylate (IPS) is an iron complex containing 5% of ferric iron engulfed in a succinylated casein shell that precipitates in acid pH and becomes soluble at neutral to alkaline pH, gradually releasing iron into the intestinal lumen, and, hence, overcoming the gastric and intestinal problems of the ferrous compounds, as well as improving intestinal iron absorption. Besides, IPS has shown to prevent the up regulation of the expression of hepcidin or to induce its expression at a smaller extent when compared with ferrous sulphate (FS). This narrative review addresses the efficacy and safety profiles of IPS for the treatment of ID and IDA in adult patients with a wide range of clinical conditions, such as preoperative and postoperative ID, elderly ID, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypothyroidism, regular blood donors, and ID developed in young athletes. In conclusion, IPS compares favorably in efficacy and safety with other currently available oral iron preparations, showing a fast and steady improvement in hematologic parameters (that reflect a better iron absorption), and a lower incidence of adverse events.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download