Journal of Surgery

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A Prospective Study: Is Routine Pre-operative Urinalysis Mandatory in Ambulatory Operations in Children

Received: 23 October 2019    Accepted: 14 November 2019    Published: 25 November 2019
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Abstract

There are controversies regarding pre-operative routine investigations in ambulatory operations in the paediatric age group. Routinely, patients’ packed cell volume (PCV), and genotype were the investigations done for children before surgery, but somewhere along the line, the anaesthesiologists now demand for pre-operative routine urinalysis in children going for ambulatory operations to help detect occult urinary tract diseases. The aim and objectives was to find out the benefits of doing routine preoperative urinalysis and whether it was really necessary in children undergoing ambulatory operations in Lagos, Nigeria”? It was a one year prospective study, carried out from the 1st of September, 2018 to the 31st of August, 2019 in the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. Eighty four children, between the ages of 0 - 12 years, slated for ambulatory operations were mandated to do routine pre-operative urinalysis, routine packed cell volume estimation, and genotype studies. All the children were operated under general anaesthesia. Eighty four children were recruited, comprising of 72 (85.7%) males and 12 (14.3%) females with a male: female ratio of 6:1. The patients’ age ranged from 0 to 12 years with a mean age of 5 ± 3 STD. An average, minimum and maximum weights of 18.9kg, 5.0kg, and 44.0kg respectively were recorded, while the average PCV was 34.4%, with a minimum of 26.9% and maximum of 48.0%. The results of urinalysis were normal in 82.1% and abnormal in about 17.9% participants. In the abnormal group, (proteinuria trace = 7, leucocytes = 4, nitrites = 2, proteins + nitrites = 1, and urobilirubin = 1). All study subjects underwent the procedures successfully with no record of cancellation of any procedure as a result of an abnormal urine finding. We conclude that routine pre-operative urinalysis should be done on all our paediatric ambulatory surgery patients with a view to detecting any abnormalities that may require a follow-up.

DOI 10.11648/j.js.20190706.16
Published in Journal of Surgery (Volume 7, Issue 6, December 2019)
Page(s) 184-187
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pre-operative Urinalysis, Children, Ambulatory Surgery

References
[1] Ugo de Luca, Giovanni Mangia, Alessandro Calissi. Guidelines on pediatric day surgery of the Italian Societies of Pediatric Surgery (SICP) and Pediatric Anaesthesiology (SARNePL). Italian Journal of Pediatrics 44; 35 (2018).
[2] Patel RI, Hannallah RS. Laboratory tests in children undergoing ambulatory surgery: a review of clinical and scientific studies. Ambulatory Surgery 8 (2000) 165-169.
[3] Marc I. Rowe, David A, Lloyd, Inguinal Hernia. In Kenneth J. Welch, Judson G. Randolph, James A. O’Neill, Mark I. Rowe (eds). Pediatric Surgery, Mosby Elsevier Year Book Publishers.1986 pp 779-792.
[4] L. J. Brennan. Modern Day-case Anaesthesia for children. British Journal of Anaesthesia 83 (1); 999: 91-93.
[5] Dr. Pramila Chari, Dr. Indu Sen. Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery- Perioperative concerns. Indian J. Anaesth 2004; 48 (5): 387-393.
[6] Roy WL, Lerman J, McIntre BG. Is preoperative haemoglobin testing justified in children undergoing elective surgery? Can. J. Anaesth (9) 1991; 38: 700-703.
[7] Fishkin. In Fleisher L. A. Gant J. (ed) Anaesththesiol Clin of North America. Philadelphia WB. Saunders Company 2003; 21: 305-312.
[8] Elliot Krane, Genevieve D’sousa. Guidelines for Paediatric Ambulatory Surgery in Paediatric Anaesthesia and Pain management, Department of Anaesthesia Pain management, Stanford University Medical Center, pp 1-12.
[9] Ronit Calderon-Margalit, Eliezer Golan, Gilad Twig, Adi Leiba, Dorit Tzur, Arnon Afek, et. al. History of Childhood kidney Disease and Risk of Adult End-Stage Renal Disease. N. Engl J Med 2018; 378: 428-438. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1700993.
[10] Ingel JR, Kalatar-Zadeh, Schaefer F. Averting the legacy of kidney disease: focus on childhood. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2016; 31: 327-331.
[11] Utsch, B; Klaus, G. Urinalysis in Children and Adolescents. Dtsch Arzte Int 2014; 111: 617-26. DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0617.
Author Information
  • Department of Surgery, Lagos State College of Medicine, and The Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

  • Department of Anaesthesia, The Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

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    Roland Iheanyichuwu Osuoji, Titilola Awodesu. (2019). A Prospective Study: Is Routine Pre-operative Urinalysis Mandatory in Ambulatory Operations in Children. Journal of Surgery, 7(6), 184-187. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20190706.16

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    ACS Style

    Roland Iheanyichuwu Osuoji; Titilola Awodesu. A Prospective Study: Is Routine Pre-operative Urinalysis Mandatory in Ambulatory Operations in Children. J. Surg. 2019, 7(6), 184-187. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20190706.16

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    AMA Style

    Roland Iheanyichuwu Osuoji, Titilola Awodesu. A Prospective Study: Is Routine Pre-operative Urinalysis Mandatory in Ambulatory Operations in Children. J Surg. 2019;7(6):184-187. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20190706.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.js.20190706.16,
      author = {Roland Iheanyichuwu Osuoji and Titilola Awodesu},
      title = {A Prospective Study: Is Routine Pre-operative Urinalysis Mandatory in Ambulatory Operations in Children},
      journal = {Journal of Surgery},
      volume = {7},
      number = {6},
      pages = {184-187},
      doi = {10.11648/j.js.20190706.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20190706.16},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.js.20190706.16},
      abstract = {There are controversies regarding pre-operative routine investigations in ambulatory operations in the paediatric age group. Routinely, patients’ packed cell volume (PCV), and genotype were the investigations done for children before surgery, but somewhere along the line, the anaesthesiologists now demand for pre-operative routine urinalysis in children going for ambulatory operations to help detect occult urinary tract diseases. The aim and objectives was to find out the benefits of doing routine preoperative urinalysis and whether it was really necessary in children undergoing ambulatory operations in Lagos, Nigeria”? It was a one year prospective study, carried out from the 1st of September, 2018 to the 31st of August, 2019 in the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. Eighty four children, between the ages of 0 - 12 years, slated for ambulatory operations were mandated to do routine pre-operative urinalysis, routine packed cell volume estimation, and genotype studies. All the children were operated under general anaesthesia. Eighty four children were recruited, comprising of 72 (85.7%) males and 12 (14.3%) females with a male: female ratio of 6:1. The patients’ age ranged from 0 to 12 years with a mean age of 5 ± 3 STD. An average, minimum and maximum weights of 18.9kg, 5.0kg, and 44.0kg respectively were recorded, while the average PCV was 34.4%, with a minimum of 26.9% and maximum of 48.0%. The results of urinalysis were normal in 82.1% and abnormal in about 17.9% participants. In the abnormal group, (proteinuria trace = 7, leucocytes = 4, nitrites = 2, proteins + nitrites = 1, and urobilirubin = 1). All study subjects underwent the procedures successfully with no record of cancellation of any procedure as a result of an abnormal urine finding. We conclude that routine pre-operative urinalysis should be done on all our paediatric ambulatory surgery patients with a view to detecting any abnormalities that may require a follow-up.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
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    AU  - Titilola Awodesu
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    AB  - There are controversies regarding pre-operative routine investigations in ambulatory operations in the paediatric age group. Routinely, patients’ packed cell volume (PCV), and genotype were the investigations done for children before surgery, but somewhere along the line, the anaesthesiologists now demand for pre-operative routine urinalysis in children going for ambulatory operations to help detect occult urinary tract diseases. The aim and objectives was to find out the benefits of doing routine preoperative urinalysis and whether it was really necessary in children undergoing ambulatory operations in Lagos, Nigeria”? It was a one year prospective study, carried out from the 1st of September, 2018 to the 31st of August, 2019 in the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. Eighty four children, between the ages of 0 - 12 years, slated for ambulatory operations were mandated to do routine pre-operative urinalysis, routine packed cell volume estimation, and genotype studies. All the children were operated under general anaesthesia. Eighty four children were recruited, comprising of 72 (85.7%) males and 12 (14.3%) females with a male: female ratio of 6:1. The patients’ age ranged from 0 to 12 years with a mean age of 5 ± 3 STD. An average, minimum and maximum weights of 18.9kg, 5.0kg, and 44.0kg respectively were recorded, while the average PCV was 34.4%, with a minimum of 26.9% and maximum of 48.0%. The results of urinalysis were normal in 82.1% and abnormal in about 17.9% participants. In the abnormal group, (proteinuria trace = 7, leucocytes = 4, nitrites = 2, proteins + nitrites = 1, and urobilirubin = 1). All study subjects underwent the procedures successfully with no record of cancellation of any procedure as a result of an abnormal urine finding. We conclude that routine pre-operative urinalysis should be done on all our paediatric ambulatory surgery patients with a view to detecting any abnormalities that may require a follow-up.
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