American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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Isolation and Serological Evidences in Suspected Leptospirosis Cases in and Around Chennai

Received: 24 June 2014    Accepted: 07 July 2014    Published: 20 July 2014
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Abstract

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection, which occurs mostly in persons venturing in aquatic environment, like farmers and sanitary workers. The objectives of the study were to isolate leptospires and to screen for leptospiral antibodies by MAT and IgM and IgG plate ELISAs to ascertain leptospirosis among suspected leptospirosis cases in and around Chennai. 198 cases of suspected leptospirosis cases attending government and private hospitals in Chennai, were included for this study. Blood samples collected in triplicate at an interval of 7 days from each case, were subjected to culture and leptospiral antibody detection by MAT and IgM and IgG plate ELISAs. The corresponding urine samples were screened for culture only. Out of the 198 cases, 118 (59.5%) were positive by MAT and 124 (62.6%) were positive by IgM and IgG plate ELISAs. Only two isolates of leptospira were possible, that too in urine only. One of the isolates belonged to serogroup Canicola and the other to Autumnalis. To conclude, leptospirosis is endemic in and around Chennai and so proper identification, diagnosis and treatment, apart from prophylactic measures are required.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13
Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014)
Page(s) 70-73
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Leptospirosis, Isolation, Canicola, Autumnalis, MAT, Plate ELISA

References
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[2] Damude DF, Jones CJ, White HSTC and Myers DM. The problem of human leptospirosis in Barbados. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1979;73(2): 169-177.
[3] Shenberg E, Gerichter CHB and Lindenbaum I. Leptospirosis in man, Israel, 1970- 1979. Am J Epidemiol. 1982; 115(3):352- 358.
[4] Heisey GB, Nimmanitya S, Karuchanachetanee C, Tingpalapong M, Samransamruajkit P, Hansukjariya P, Elwell MR and Ward GS. Epidemiology and characterization of leptospirosis at an urban and provincial site in Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Pub Hlth. 1988; 19: 317-322.
[5] Everard COR, Maude GH and Hayes RJ. Leptospiral infection: a household survey in urban and rural communities in Barbados and Trinidad. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1990; 84(3): 255-266.
[6] Sehgal SC, Murhekar MV and Sugunan AP. Outbreak of leptospirosis with pulmonary involvement in North Andaman. Ind J Med Res. 1995; 102: 9-12.
[7] Tucker G. Epidemic jaundice in Bombay. Ind Med Gaz. 1907; 35: 27.
[8] Turkhud DA. A note on Weil’s disease, or Leptospirosis icterohaemorrhagica. Ind Med Gaz. 1928; 63: 583- 588.
[9] Ratnam S, Sundararaj T and Subramanian S. Serological evidence of leptospirosis in a human population following an outbreak of the disease in cattle. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1983; 77: (1) 94-98.
[10] Ratnam S, Subramanian S, Madanagopalan N, Sundararaj T and Jayanthi V. Isolation of leptospires and demonstration of antibodies in human leptospirosisin Madras, India. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1983; 77: 455-458.
[11] Ratnam S, Venugopal K and Kathiravan V. Evidence of leptospiral infections in human samples in Madras City. Ind J Med Res. 1987; 85: 516-518.
[12] Ratnam S, Everard COR, Alex JC, Suresh B and Thangaraju. Prevalence of leptospiral agglutinins among conservancy wokers in Madras city, India. J Trop Med Hyg. 1993; 96: 41-45.
[13] Ratnam S, Suresh Babu L and Natarajaseenivasan K. Dynamism of MAT and type specific IgM and IgG ELISA titres in leptospirosis cases. Biomedicine. 1997; 17 :21-24.
[14] Saravanan R, Rajendran P, Thyagarajan SP, Smythe LD, Norris MA, Symonds ML and Dohnt MF. Leptospira autumnalis isolated from a human case from Avadi, India and the serovar’s predominance in local rat and bandicoot population. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2000; 94 (5) : 503-506.
[15] Ganesan Arumugam, Mini Jacob S, Anitha D and Sivakumar Mampakkam Rajappa. Occurrence of leptospirosis among suspected cases in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011; 54 (1): 100-102.
Author Information
  • Dept. of Microbiology, RD Gardi Medical College, Surasa, Ujjain, MP., India

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    L. Suresh Babu. (2014). Isolation and Serological Evidences in Suspected Leptospirosis Cases in and Around Chennai. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2(4), 70-73. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13

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    L. Suresh Babu. Isolation and Serological Evidences in Suspected Leptospirosis Cases in and Around Chennai. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2014, 2(4), 70-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13

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    AMA Style

    L. Suresh Babu. Isolation and Serological Evidences in Suspected Leptospirosis Cases in and Around Chennai. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2014;2(4):70-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13,
      author = {L. Suresh Babu},
      title = {Isolation and Serological Evidences in Suspected Leptospirosis Cases in and Around Chennai},
      journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
      volume = {2},
      number = {4},
      pages = {70-73},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20140204.13},
      abstract = {Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection, which occurs mostly in persons venturing in aquatic environment, like farmers and sanitary workers. The objectives of the study were to isolate leptospires and to screen for leptospiral antibodies by MAT and IgM and IgG plate ELISAs to ascertain leptospirosis among suspected leptospirosis cases in and around Chennai. 198 cases of suspected leptospirosis cases attending government and private hospitals in Chennai, were included for this study. Blood samples collected in triplicate at an interval of 7 days from each case, were subjected to culture and leptospiral antibody detection by MAT and IgM and IgG plate ELISAs. The corresponding urine samples were screened for culture only. Out of the 198 cases, 118 (59.5%) were positive by MAT and 124 (62.6%) were positive by IgM and IgG plate ELISAs. Only two isolates of leptospira were possible, that too in urine only. One of the isolates belonged to serogroup Canicola and the other to Autumnalis. To conclude, leptospirosis is endemic in and around Chennai and so proper identification, diagnosis and treatment, apart from prophylactic measures are required.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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    T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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