Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus

Sadia Asghar; Samra Asghar Cheema; Najaf Asghar Cheema

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15

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Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus

Sadia Asghar, Samra Asghar Cheema, Najaf Asghar Cheema

Published in Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 8, Issue 4)

Received: 9 June 2020 Accepted: 28 June 2020 Published: 17 July 2020

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Abstract

Placenta previa is an obstetric complication that occurs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. It may cause severe feto-maternal morbidities and mortalities to mother and fetus. The risk of placenta previa increases with the history of cesarean section. In the presence of these two risk factors (placenta previa and previous cesarean section) incidence of placenta accrete spectrum is also increased. The value of making the diagnosis of placenta previa before delivery is important to involve for multidisciplinary planning in an attempt to minimize potential maternal or neonatal morbidity and mortality so the feto-maternal outcome can be optimized. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of placenta previa in developing countries like Pakistan and find out its association with scarred and unscarred uterus. It is a descriptive cross sectional study. 207 cases of placenta previa were found in six month of period, among them 138 patients were having previously scared uterus, and 69 were having previously unscarred uterus. Most patients 35.74% were between 36-40 years age group, and presented with gestational age between 32-35 weeks were 53.62%. Mostly found between G5-G7 i.e. 52.65%. While frequency of placenta previa in scarred uterus was 66.66% and in unscarred uterus was 32.45%. Association of placenta previa with previous four LSCS was found 33.33%. Occurrence of major degree placenta previa was found 18.84% and minor was 81.15%. Prevalence of placenta previa was found 5.78%. Strong association was found between placenta previa and scared uterus which is highest with previous four. Our objective is to determine the frequency of placenta previa in scared and un-scared uterus. To minimize the rate of cesarean section we can reduce the feto-maternal morbidity and mortality, rising trend of cesarean section in turn increases the rate of placenta previa.

Published in	Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15
Page(s)	98-101
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Placenta Accreta Spectrum, Feto Maternal Outcome, Cross Sectional Study

References

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[2]	Ahmed S. Major Placenta Previa: Rate, Maternal and Neonatal outcomes experience at a tertiary maternity hospital, Sohag, Egypt: a prospective study. JCDR. 2015.
[3]	Mathuriya G, Lokhande P. Comparative study of obstetric outcome between scarred and unscarred uterus in placenta previa cases. Indian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2013; 24 (6).
[4]	L. Latif, U. J. Iqbal, and M. U. Aftab, “Associated risk Factors of placenta Previa a matched case control study,”Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Science, Vol. 9, nou, pp. 1344-1346, 2015.
[5]	J. A. Cresswel l, C. Ronnsmans, C. Calvert, and V. Fillipi”, Prevelance of placenta previa by world region: a systematic review and mata analysis. Tropical medicine and international Health, vol. 18, No. 6, PP. 712 724, 2013 view at publisher view at Google scholar. view at scopus.
[6]	ACOG. Placenta accrete, Committee Opinion 2012; 529: re-affirmed 2015.
[7]	Wu. S, Koch erinsky M, Hibbard JU. Abonormal Placentation: twenty –year nalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 192: 14458-61.
[8]	Faiz AS. Ananth CV. Etiology and risk for placenta previa and overview and meta analysis of observational studies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2003; 13: 175-90.
[9]	Jaunioun E, Collins S, Burton GJ. Placenta accrete spectrum pathophysiology & evidence based anatomy for prenatal ultrasound imaging. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 17: 30731-30737.
[10]	Getahun D, Oyelss Y, Salihu HM, Anantha CV. Previous cesarean section delivery and risk of placenta previa and placenta abruption. Obstet Gynecol. 2006. Apr; 107 (4): 771-778.
[11]	HESOnline. 2011. http://www.hesonline.nhs.uk/.
[12]	Odibo AO, Chahilla AG, Stamilio DM, Stevens EJ, Peipert JF, Macones GA. Predicting placental abruption and placenta previa in women ith pevious cesarean delivery Am J Perinatal. 2007 May; 24 (5): 299-305.
[13]	Shreyasi S, Chanchal S, Sohani V, et al. Prenatal diagnosis &management of morbidly adherent placenta. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11: 1-2.
[14]	Chaudhari HK, Shah PK, D’Souza N. Morbidly adherent placenta: its management & maternal & perinatal outcome. J Obstet Gynecol India 2017; 67: 42-47.
[15]	Tikkanen M, Stefanovic V, Paavonen J. Placenta previa percreta left in situ-management by delayed hysterectomy: a case report. Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011: 5: 418-421.
[16]	Brace V, Kernaghan D, Penney G. Learning from adverse clinical outcomes: major obstetric haemorrhage in Scotland, 2003-05. BJOG. 2007; 114 (11): 1388–1396. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01533.x.
[17]	Crane JMG, Van den Hof MC, Dodds L, Armson BA, Liston R. Maternal complications with placenta previa. Am J Perinatol. 2000; 17 (2): 101–105. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-9269.
[18]	Bhide A, Prefumo F, Moore J, Hollis B, Thilaganathan B. Placental edge to internal os distance in the late third trimester and mode of delivery in placenta praevia. BJOG. 2003; 110 (9): 860–864. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2003.02491.x.
[19]	Lydon-Rochelle M, Holt VL, Easterling TR, Martin DP. First-birth cesarean and placental abruption or previa at second birth. Obstet Gynecol. 2001; 97 (5): 765–769. doi: 10.1016/S0029-7844(01)01121-8.
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[21]	Eniola AO, Bako AU, Selo-Ojeme DO. Risk factors for placenta praevia in southern Nigeria. East Afr Med J. 2002; 79: 535–538.

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APA Style

Sadia Asghar, Samra Asghar Cheema, Najaf Asghar Cheema. (2020). Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 8(4), 98-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15

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ACS Style

Sadia Asghar; Samra Asghar Cheema; Najaf Asghar Cheema. Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2020, 8(4), 98-101. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15

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AMA Style

Sadia Asghar, Samra Asghar Cheema, Najaf Asghar Cheema. Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus. J Gynecol Obstet. 2020;8(4):98-101. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15

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@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15,
  author = {Sadia Asghar and Samra Asghar Cheema and Najaf Asghar Cheema},
  title = {Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {98-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20200804.15},
  abstract = {Placenta previa is an obstetric complication that occurs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. It may cause severe feto-maternal morbidities and mortalities to mother and fetus. The risk of placenta previa increases with the history of cesarean section. In the presence of these two risk factors (placenta previa and previous cesarean section) incidence of placenta accrete spectrum is also increased. The value of making the diagnosis of placenta previa before delivery is important to involve for multidisciplinary planning in an attempt to minimize potential maternal or neonatal morbidity and mortality so the feto-maternal outcome can be optimized. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of placenta previa in developing countries like Pakistan and find out its association with scarred and unscarred uterus. It is a descriptive cross sectional study. 207 cases of placenta previa were found in six month of period, among them 138 patients were having previously scared uterus, and 69 were having previously unscarred uterus. Most patients 35.74% were between 36-40 years age group, and presented with gestational age between 32-35 weeks were 53.62%. Mostly found between G5-G7 i.e. 52.65%. While frequency of placenta previa in scarred uterus was 66.66% and in unscarred uterus was 32.45%. Association of placenta previa with previous four LSCS was found 33.33%. Occurrence of major degree placenta previa was found 18.84% and minor was 81.15%. Prevalence of placenta previa was found 5.78%. Strong association was found between placenta previa and scared uterus which is highest with previous four. Our objective is to determine the frequency of placenta previa in scared and un-scared uterus. To minimize the rate of cesarean section we can reduce the feto-maternal morbidity and mortality, rising trend of cesarean section in turn increases the rate of placenta previa.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus
AU - Sadia Asghar
AU - Samra Asghar Cheema
AU - Najaf Asghar Cheema
Y1 - 2020/07/17
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15
DO - 10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15
T2 - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JF - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
JO - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
SP - 98
EP - 101
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2376-7820
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15
AB - Placenta previa is an obstetric complication that occurs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. It may cause severe feto-maternal morbidities and mortalities to mother and fetus. The risk of placenta previa increases with the history of cesarean section. In the presence of these two risk factors (placenta previa and previous cesarean section) incidence of placenta accrete spectrum is also increased. The value of making the diagnosis of placenta previa before delivery is important to involve for multidisciplinary planning in an attempt to minimize potential maternal or neonatal morbidity and mortality so the feto-maternal outcome can be optimized. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of placenta previa in developing countries like Pakistan and find out its association with scarred and unscarred uterus. It is a descriptive cross sectional study. 207 cases of placenta previa were found in six month of period, among them 138 patients were having previously scared uterus, and 69 were having previously unscarred uterus. Most patients 35.74% were between 36-40 years age group, and presented with gestational age between 32-35 weeks were 53.62%. Mostly found between G5-G7 i.e. 52.65%. While frequency of placenta previa in scarred uterus was 66.66% and in unscarred uterus was 32.45%. Association of placenta previa with previous four LSCS was found 33.33%. Occurrence of major degree placenta previa was found 18.84% and minor was 81.15%. Prevalence of placenta previa was found 5.78%. Strong association was found between placenta previa and scared uterus which is highest with previous four. Our objective is to determine the frequency of placenta previa in scared and un-scared uterus. To minimize the rate of cesarean section we can reduce the feto-maternal morbidity and mortality, rising trend of cesarean section in turn increases the rate of placenta previa.
VL - 8
IS - 4
ER -

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Author Information

Sadia Asghar

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Naizi Medical College, Sargodha, Pakistan
Samra Asghar Cheema

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
Najaf Asghar Cheema

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan

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APA Style

Sadia Asghar, Samra Asghar Cheema, Najaf Asghar Cheema. (2020). Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 8(4), 98-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15

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ACS Style

Sadia Asghar; Samra Asghar Cheema; Najaf Asghar Cheema. Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2020, 8(4), 98-101. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15

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AMA Style

Sadia Asghar, Samra Asghar Cheema, Najaf Asghar Cheema. Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus. J Gynecol Obstet. 2020;8(4):98-101. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15

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@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15,
  author = {Sadia Asghar and Samra Asghar Cheema and Najaf Asghar Cheema},
  title = {Prevalence of Placenta Previa in Developing Countries and Its Association with Scarred and Unscarred Uterus},
  journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {98-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20200804.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20200804.15},
  abstract = {Placenta previa is an obstetric complication that occurs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. It may cause severe feto-maternal morbidities and mortalities to mother and fetus. The risk of placenta previa increases with the history of cesarean section. In the presence of these two risk factors (placenta previa and previous cesarean section) incidence of placenta accrete spectrum is also increased. The value of making the diagnosis of placenta previa before delivery is important to involve for multidisciplinary planning in an attempt to minimize potential maternal or neonatal morbidity and mortality so the feto-maternal outcome can be optimized. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of placenta previa in developing countries like Pakistan and find out its association with scarred and unscarred uterus. It is a descriptive cross sectional study. 207 cases of placenta previa were found in six month of period, among them 138 patients were having previously scared uterus, and 69 were having previously unscarred uterus. Most patients 35.74% were between 36-40 years age group, and presented with gestational age between 32-35 weeks were 53.62%. Mostly found between G5-G7 i.e. 52.65%. While frequency of placenta previa in scarred uterus was 66.66% and in unscarred uterus was 32.45%. Association of placenta previa with previous four LSCS was found 33.33%. Occurrence of major degree placenta previa was found 18.84% and minor was 81.15%. Prevalence of placenta previa was found 5.78%. Strong association was found between placenta previa and scared uterus which is highest with previous four. Our objective is to determine the frequency of placenta previa in scared and un-scared uterus. To minimize the rate of cesarean section we can reduce the feto-maternal morbidity and mortality, rising trend of cesarean section in turn increases the rate of placenta previa.},
 year = {2020}
}

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