Cervical cancer is the commonest malignancy found amongst Bangladeshi women and the third most common cancer in the world. New cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed over 5,00,000 annually worldwide. For Cervical Intra-Epithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and for invasive cancer of the uterine cervix, Papanicolaou’s (Pap) smear is the primary screening tool. The Pap smear accuracy, which was recently assumed found to be 80% to 95% for detecting CIN and early invasive cancer, was questioned. Colposcopy and directed biopsy are needed to clarify the clinically unhealthy cervix in women. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of colposcopy in identifying. The aim of the study was to assess the role of colposcopy of the unhealthy cervix to localize the lesions and to obtain biopsies from the selected areas. This prospective observational study conducted from January 2016 to December 2016 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sikder Medical College, Dhaka including 104 patients who were aged between 25-65 years with clinically unhealthy cervix, were exposed to a colposcopic evaluation. All the patients underwent colposcopic-directed biopsies. The biopsies were taken from the act white areas and the iodine negative areas. Among 104 patients, 49 (47.1%) were in the age group of 25-34 years. In the parity, 97 (93.3%) 0-4 child, 61 (58.7%) were married before 18 years of age. 17 (16.35%) had normal colposcopic findings. The colposcopic evaluation and the guided biopsy were successful in detecting abnormalities in 26 out of 31 cases. The incidence of CIN 1 and CIN2, 3 were found colposcopically and histologically 33.65%, 24.04%, and 11.54%, respectively. In the present study, the sensitivity of colposcopy was 83.33%. Both the neoplastic and the non-neo-plastic ones, colposcopy was found to be useful in understanding the morphology of the cervical lesions and this would very helpful in planning their management in the future.
| Published in | Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 9, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14 |
| Page(s) | 116-119 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Cancer, Colposcopy, Cervical, Cervix, Invasive, CIN, Unhealthy, Biopsies
| [1] | Dasari P. A grossly abnormal cervix: Evidence for using colposcopy in the absence of a squamous intraepithelial lesion by the conventional Papanicolau’s test. Journal of Gynecologic Surgery. 2011 March; 27 (1). |
| [2] | Singh SL, Dastur NA, Nanavat MS. A comparision of colposcopy and the Papanicolaou smear: sensitivity, specificity and predictive value. Bombay Hospital Journal. 2000 July; 42 (3). |
| [3] | Pimple SA, Amin G, Goswami S, Shastri SS. Evaluation of colposcopy vs cytology as a secondary test in triage women was found to be positive on the visual inspection tests. Indian J Cancer. 2010 Jul-Sep; 47 (3): 308-13. |
| [4] | Arnold M, Soerjomataram I, Ferlay J, Forman D. Global incidence of oesophageal cancer by histological subtype in 2012. Gut. 2015 Mar 1; 64 (3): 381-7. |
| [5] | Sankaranarayanan R, Nene BM, Dinshaw K, Rajkumar R, Shastri S, Wesley R, Basu P, Sharma R, Thara S, Budukh A, Parkin DM. Early detection of cervical cancer with visual inspection methods: a summary of completed and on-going studies in India. salud pública de méxico. 2003; 45 (S3): 309-407. |
| [6] | Dabash R, Vajpayee J, Jacob M, Dzuba I, Lal N, Bradley J, Prasad LB. A strategic assessment of cervical cancer prevention and treatment services in 3 districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. Reproductive health. 2005 Dec; 2 (1): 1-8. |
| [7] | World Health Organization. New WHO guide to prevent and control cervical cancer. 2014. |
| [8] | Shobha T, Davuluri S. Cervicalcytopathology: evaluation of its efficacy in detecting cervical precancerous and cancerous lesions, as evidenced by colposcopic biopsy. Int J Sci Res 2016; 5 (5). |
| [9] | Arora R, Vijaya K, Habeebullah S, Asha O. Colposcopic evaluation of unhealthy cervix. J Obstet Gynecol Ind. 2000; 50: 102-3. |
| [10] | Zivadinovic R, RadovicM, Lili V, Petric S. Grading the severity of the preinvasive changes of the uterine cervix by colposcopy and exfoliating cytology. Medicine and Biology. 2005; 12 (1): 55-59. |
| [11] | Rokita W. Colposcopy of the abnormal transformation zone. Wiadomosci Lekarskie. 2006; 59 (7-8): 486-89. |
| [12] | Tehranian A, Rezaii N, Mitra M, Eslami B, Arab M, Asgari Z. Evaluation of the women who present with postcoital bleeding, by cytology and colposcopy. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2009 April; 105 (1): 18-20. |
| [13] | Kavanagh AM, Santow G, Mitchell H. Consequences of the current patterns of the Pap smear and colposcopy use. J Med Screen. 1996; 3 (1): 29-34. |
| [14] | Kendrick JE, Huh WK, Alvarez RD. Device Profile: the LUMA™ Cervical Imaging System. Expert Review of Medical Devices. 2007 March; 4 (2): 121-29. |
| [15] | Massad LS, Jeronimo J, Katki HA, Schiffman M. The accuracy of the colposcopic grading for the detection of high-grade cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2009 Jul; 13 (3): 137-44. |
APA Style
Khaleda Akter, Shaikh Zinnat Ara Nasreen, Daharul Islam, Sakhawat Hossain. (2021). Colposcopic Evaluation of Clinically Unhealthy Cervix. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 9(4), 116-119. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14
ACS Style
Khaleda Akter; Shaikh Zinnat Ara Nasreen; Daharul Islam; Sakhawat Hossain. Colposcopic Evaluation of Clinically Unhealthy Cervix. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2021, 9(4), 116-119. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14
AMA Style
Khaleda Akter, Shaikh Zinnat Ara Nasreen, Daharul Islam, Sakhawat Hossain. Colposcopic Evaluation of Clinically Unhealthy Cervix. J Gynecol Obstet. 2021;9(4):116-119. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14,
author = {Khaleda Akter and Shaikh Zinnat Ara Nasreen and Daharul Islam and Sakhawat Hossain},
title = {Colposcopic Evaluation of Clinically Unhealthy Cervix},
journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
volume = {9},
number = {4},
pages = {116-119},
doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20210904.14},
abstract = {Cervical cancer is the commonest malignancy found amongst Bangladeshi women and the third most common cancer in the world. New cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed over 5,00,000 annually worldwide. For Cervical Intra-Epithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and for invasive cancer of the uterine cervix, Papanicolaou’s (Pap) smear is the primary screening tool. The Pap smear accuracy, which was recently assumed found to be 80% to 95% for detecting CIN and early invasive cancer, was questioned. Colposcopy and directed biopsy are needed to clarify the clinically unhealthy cervix in women. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of colposcopy in identifying. The aim of the study was to assess the role of colposcopy of the unhealthy cervix to localize the lesions and to obtain biopsies from the selected areas. This prospective observational study conducted from January 2016 to December 2016 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sikder Medical College, Dhaka including 104 patients who were aged between 25-65 years with clinically unhealthy cervix, were exposed to a colposcopic evaluation. All the patients underwent colposcopic-directed biopsies. The biopsies were taken from the act white areas and the iodine negative areas. Among 104 patients, 49 (47.1%) were in the age group of 25-34 years. In the parity, 97 (93.3%) 0-4 child, 61 (58.7%) were married before 18 years of age. 17 (16.35%) had normal colposcopic findings. The colposcopic evaluation and the guided biopsy were successful in detecting abnormalities in 26 out of 31 cases. The incidence of CIN 1 and CIN2, 3 were found colposcopically and histologically 33.65%, 24.04%, and 11.54%, respectively. In the present study, the sensitivity of colposcopy was 83.33%. Both the neoplastic and the non-neo-plastic ones, colposcopy was found to be useful in understanding the morphology of the cervical lesions and this would very helpful in planning their management in the future.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Colposcopic Evaluation of Clinically Unhealthy Cervix AU - Khaleda Akter AU - Shaikh Zinnat Ara Nasreen AU - Daharul Islam AU - Sakhawat Hossain Y1 - 2021/08/18 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14 DO - 10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14 T2 - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics JF - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics JO - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics SP - 116 EP - 119 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2376-7820 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20210904.14 AB - Cervical cancer is the commonest malignancy found amongst Bangladeshi women and the third most common cancer in the world. New cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed over 5,00,000 annually worldwide. For Cervical Intra-Epithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and for invasive cancer of the uterine cervix, Papanicolaou’s (Pap) smear is the primary screening tool. The Pap smear accuracy, which was recently assumed found to be 80% to 95% for detecting CIN and early invasive cancer, was questioned. Colposcopy and directed biopsy are needed to clarify the clinically unhealthy cervix in women. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of colposcopy in identifying. The aim of the study was to assess the role of colposcopy of the unhealthy cervix to localize the lesions and to obtain biopsies from the selected areas. This prospective observational study conducted from January 2016 to December 2016 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sikder Medical College, Dhaka including 104 patients who were aged between 25-65 years with clinically unhealthy cervix, were exposed to a colposcopic evaluation. All the patients underwent colposcopic-directed biopsies. The biopsies were taken from the act white areas and the iodine negative areas. Among 104 patients, 49 (47.1%) were in the age group of 25-34 years. In the parity, 97 (93.3%) 0-4 child, 61 (58.7%) were married before 18 years of age. 17 (16.35%) had normal colposcopic findings. The colposcopic evaluation and the guided biopsy were successful in detecting abnormalities in 26 out of 31 cases. The incidence of CIN 1 and CIN2, 3 were found colposcopically and histologically 33.65%, 24.04%, and 11.54%, respectively. In the present study, the sensitivity of colposcopy was 83.33%. Both the neoplastic and the non-neo-plastic ones, colposcopy was found to be useful in understanding the morphology of the cervical lesions and this would very helpful in planning their management in the future. VL - 9 IS - 4 ER -
Information
Email: