Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin; Nazmoon Nahar

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin, Nazmoon Nahar

Published in International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy (Volume 2, Issue 2)

Received: 3 January 2017 Accepted: 6 February 2017 Published: 1 March 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the surgical patients of all age and sex at Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data were collected from 5 April 2015 to 12 April 2015 with a view to find out the prevalence of hospital acquired infection (HAI), its risk factors and pattern of organisms responsible. A total of 360 respondents happened to be available in different surgical wards during data collection period and 30 respondents developed HAI, thus a prevalence rate of 8.33% was yielded. The mean age of the respondents was 36.89 years with standard deviation ± 14.54 years. Among the HAI cases, 53.33% were surgical site infections and 50% were caused by Escherichia Coli. The study found that frequency of HAI depended on patients’ performance status: among 40% who required assistance for most activities, who had visitors more than 3 per day (81.3%), who had underlying illness like diabetes mellitus (25%), who had invasive devices (9.5%), who were admitted in ICU (12.9%), who received immunosuppressive therapy (23.5%), who had immunosuppressive conditions (28.1%), who had emergency operation (34.8%), and who had undergone general surgery (19.0%). Findings suggest that association between HAI and number of visitors, admission in ICU, immunosuppressive conditions, use of immunosuppressive therapy, use of invasive devices, and different functional state of patients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Findings of this study suggest that measures need to be taken at increasing awareness of hospital staffs, formulation of policy on use and duration of use of invasive devices, establishing a surveillance system and controlling visitors for effective control of HAI. The researcher suggests further detail study with large sample involving multiple hospitals to get more accurate picture on HAI.

Published in	International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12
Page(s)	35-39
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hospital Acquired Infection, Tertiary Military Hospital, Bangladesh

References

[1]	World Health Organization. Prevention of hospital acquired infection- A practical guide. Bull World Health Organ [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2015 Jan 10]. 1 p. Available from: http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s16355e/s16355e.pdf.
[2]	Rita D. Hospital hit by high rate of nosocomial infection. Express Healthcare Management [Internet]. 2004 Feb [cited 2015 Jan 15]. Available from: www.express-healthcaremanagement.com/20040215).
[3]	Khan HM, Miah AK. Outcome of acquired infections in a hospital of Dhaka city. J. of preventive and social med 2003;22 (2): 45.
[4]	Bhuiyan SA. A study of Nosocomial Infection in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka: a descriptive cross-sectional study [unpublished dissertation]. Dhaka: Armed Forces Medical Institute; 1998-99. 34p.
[5]	Hospital-acquired infections in Pennsylvania [phc4.org]. c2005; [cited 2014 Dec 12]. Available from: http://www.phc4.org/reports/researchbriefs/071205/docs/researchbrief2005report_hospacqinfections.pdf.
[6]	Graves N. Economics and preventing hospital acquired infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Apr; 10(4): 561–566. doi: 10.3201/eid1004.020754.
[7]	Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Monitoring hospital-acquired infections to promote safety- United States: 1990-1999. MMWR 2000 Mar; 49 (8): 149-153.
[8]	World Bank. Population growth (Annual %). 2015. Available from: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW.
[9]	ArcGIS. Bangladesh Average Household size. 2014. Available from: http://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=692cee7e5a5e47dd86531ab0c6a00cff.
[10]	World Bank. Hospital Bed Ratio in Bangladesh. 2011. Available from: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/bangladesh/hospital-beds-per-1-000-people-wb-data.html.
[11]	Sridhar MR, Boopathi S, Lodha R et al. Standard precautions and post exposure prophylaxis for preventing infections. Pediatr J 2004; 71 (7): 617-626.
[12]	Hossain T, Fazal MA, Ahmed A et al. Nosocomial infection-a cross sectional study in the surgical wards of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. J. of preventive and social med. 1991; 10 (2): 10-13.
[13]	Emmerson AM, Enstone JE, Griffin M et al. The second national prevalence survey of infection in hospital-overview of the results. J Hosp Infect. 1996 Mar; 32 (3): 175-90.
[14]	Haley RW, Culver DH, White JW et al. The national nosocomial infection rate. A new need for vital statistics. Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Feb; 121 (2): 159-71.
[15]	Hussain M, Oppenheim BA, O’Neill P et al. Prospective study of the incidence, risk factors and outcome of hospital-acquired infections in elderly. J Hosp Infect. 1996 Feb; 32 (2): 117-26.
[16]	Coelo R. Risk factors for developing clinical infection with methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) among hospital patients initially only colonized with MRSA. The J of Hosp Infect, 1997; 36 (4): 39-46.
[17]	KLavs I, Bufon LT, Skerl M et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for hospital acquired infections in Slovenia- Results of the first national survey. J Hosp Infect. 2007 Mar- Apr; 122 (2): 160-5.
[18]	Sramova H, Bartonova A, Bolek S et al. National prevalence survey of hospital acquired infection in Czechoslovakia. J Hosp Infect. 1998 May; 11 (9): 328-34.
[19]	Vivian GL, Peter ML. Infection control in surgical practice [Internet]. USA: Medscape Pub Health; 2005 Dec 22. Available from: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/519752_2.
[20]	Oncul O, Keskin O, Acar HV et al. Hospital-acquired infections following the 1999 Marmara earthquake. J Hosp Infect. 2002 May; 51 (1): 47-51. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12009820. doi: 10.1053/jhin.2002.1205.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin, Nazmoon Nahar. (2017). Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 2(2), 35-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin; Nazmoon Nahar. Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int. J. Infect. Dis. Ther. 2017, 2(2), 35-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin, Nazmoon Nahar. Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2017;2(2):35-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12,
  author = {Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin and Nazmoon Nahar},
  title = {Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh},
  journal = {International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {35-39},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijidt.20170202.12},
  abstract = {This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the surgical patients of all age and sex at Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data were collected from 5 April 2015 to 12 April 2015 with a view to find out the prevalence of hospital acquired infection (HAI), its risk factors and pattern of organisms responsible. A total of 360 respondents happened to be available in different surgical wards during data collection period and 30 respondents developed HAI, thus a prevalence rate of 8.33% was yielded. The mean age of the respondents was 36.89 years with standard deviation ± 14.54 years. Among the HAI cases, 53.33% were surgical site infections and 50% were caused by Escherichia Coli. The study found that frequency of HAI depended on patients’ performance status: among 40% who required assistance for most activities, who had visitors more than 3 per day (81.3%), who had underlying illness like diabetes mellitus (25%), who had invasive devices (9.5%), who were admitted in ICU (12.9%), who received immunosuppressive therapy (23.5%), who had immunosuppressive conditions (28.1%), who had emergency operation (34.8%), and who had undergone general surgery (19.0%). Findings suggest that association between HAI and number of visitors, admission in ICU, immunosuppressive conditions, use of immunosuppressive therapy, use of invasive devices, and different functional state of patients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Findings of this study suggest that measures need to be taken at increasing awareness of hospital staffs, formulation of policy on use and duration of use of invasive devices, establishing a surveillance system and controlling visitors for effective control of HAI. The researcher suggests further detail study with large sample involving multiple hospitals to get more accurate picture on HAI.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh
AU  - Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin
AU  - Nazmoon Nahar
Y1  - 2017/03/01
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12
T2  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
JF  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
SP  - 35
EP  - 39
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-966X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12
AB  - This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the surgical patients of all age and sex at Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data were collected from 5 April 2015 to 12 April 2015 with a view to find out the prevalence of hospital acquired infection (HAI), its risk factors and pattern of organisms responsible. A total of 360 respondents happened to be available in different surgical wards during data collection period and 30 respondents developed HAI, thus a prevalence rate of 8.33% was yielded. The mean age of the respondents was 36.89 years with standard deviation ± 14.54 years. Among the HAI cases, 53.33% were surgical site infections and 50% were caused by Escherichia Coli. The study found that frequency of HAI depended on patients’ performance status: among 40% who required assistance for most activities, who had visitors more than 3 per day (81.3%), who had underlying illness like diabetes mellitus (25%), who had invasive devices (9.5%), who were admitted in ICU (12.9%), who received immunosuppressive therapy (23.5%), who had immunosuppressive conditions (28.1%), who had emergency operation (34.8%), and who had undergone general surgery (19.0%). Findings suggest that association between HAI and number of visitors, admission in ICU, immunosuppressive conditions, use of immunosuppressive therapy, use of invasive devices, and different functional state of patients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Findings of this study suggest that measures need to be taken at increasing awareness of hospital staffs, formulation of policy on use and duration of use of invasive devices, establishing a surveillance system and controlling visitors for effective control of HAI. The researcher suggests further detail study with large sample involving multiple hospitals to get more accurate picture on HAI.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin

Health Economics, Healthcare and Hospital Management, Armed Forces Medical Institute (AFMI), Dhaka, Bangladesh
Nazmoon Nahar

Health Economics, Epidemiology, Jhpiego, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin, Nazmoon Nahar. (2017). Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 2(2), 35-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin; Nazmoon Nahar. Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int. J. Infect. Dis. Ther. 2017, 2(2), 35-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin, Nazmoon Nahar. Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2017;2(2):35-39. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12,
  author = {Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin and Nazmoon Nahar},
  title = {Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh},
  journal = {International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {35-39},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijidt.20170202.12},
  abstract = {This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the surgical patients of all age and sex at Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data were collected from 5 April 2015 to 12 April 2015 with a view to find out the prevalence of hospital acquired infection (HAI), its risk factors and pattern of organisms responsible. A total of 360 respondents happened to be available in different surgical wards during data collection period and 30 respondents developed HAI, thus a prevalence rate of 8.33% was yielded. The mean age of the respondents was 36.89 years with standard deviation ± 14.54 years. Among the HAI cases, 53.33% were surgical site infections and 50% were caused by Escherichia Coli. The study found that frequency of HAI depended on patients’ performance status: among 40% who required assistance for most activities, who had visitors more than 3 per day (81.3%), who had underlying illness like diabetes mellitus (25%), who had invasive devices (9.5%), who were admitted in ICU (12.9%), who received immunosuppressive therapy (23.5%), who had immunosuppressive conditions (28.1%), who had emergency operation (34.8%), and who had undergone general surgery (19.0%). Findings suggest that association between HAI and number of visitors, admission in ICU, immunosuppressive conditions, use of immunosuppressive therapy, use of invasive devices, and different functional state of patients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Findings of this study suggest that measures need to be taken at increasing awareness of hospital staffs, formulation of policy on use and duration of use of invasive devices, establishing a surveillance system and controlling visitors for effective control of HAI. The researcher suggests further detail study with large sample involving multiple hospitals to get more accurate picture on HAI.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hospital Acquired Infection in a Tertiary Military Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh
AU  - Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin
AU  - Nazmoon Nahar
Y1  - 2017/03/01
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12
T2  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
JF  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
SP  - 35
EP  - 39
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-966X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20170202.12
AB  - This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the surgical patients of all age and sex at Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data were collected from 5 April 2015 to 12 April 2015 with a view to find out the prevalence of hospital acquired infection (HAI), its risk factors and pattern of organisms responsible. A total of 360 respondents happened to be available in different surgical wards during data collection period and 30 respondents developed HAI, thus a prevalence rate of 8.33% was yielded. The mean age of the respondents was 36.89 years with standard deviation ± 14.54 years. Among the HAI cases, 53.33% were surgical site infections and 50% were caused by Escherichia Coli. The study found that frequency of HAI depended on patients’ performance status: among 40% who required assistance for most activities, who had visitors more than 3 per day (81.3%), who had underlying illness like diabetes mellitus (25%), who had invasive devices (9.5%), who were admitted in ICU (12.9%), who received immunosuppressive therapy (23.5%), who had immunosuppressive conditions (28.1%), who had emergency operation (34.8%), and who had undergone general surgery (19.0%). Findings suggest that association between HAI and number of visitors, admission in ICU, immunosuppressive conditions, use of immunosuppressive therapy, use of invasive devices, and different functional state of patients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Findings of this study suggest that measures need to be taken at increasing awareness of hospital staffs, formulation of policy on use and duration of use of invasive devices, establishing a surveillance system and controlling visitors for effective control of HAI. The researcher suggests further detail study with large sample involving multiple hospitals to get more accurate picture on HAI.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download