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Assessment of the Levels of Herbicide Residues in Fish Samples from Alau Dam, Maiduguri, Borno, State, Nigeria

Received: 11 March 2019     Accepted: 15 May 2019     Published: 20 December 2019
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the levels of atrazine, propanil, alachlor, metolachlor, paraquat, propachlor, butachlor and glysophate in the flesh, liver, intestine and gills of Tilapia zilli, Clarias anguillaris, Synodentis budgetti and Heterotis niloticus from Alau Dam The highest total concentrations of all the studied herbicide residues were detected in Tilapia zillii, follow by Clarias anguillaris, while Synodentis budgetti shows the lowest values. The highest concentrations of all the herbicide residues were detected in the liver of Tilapia zilli and Clarias angullaris while Synodentis budgetti shows the lowest value. Also, the flesh and gills of Tilapia zilli was observed to show the highest levels of all the studied herbicides, while Clarias angullaris shows the lowest value. The values observed for herbicide residues were lower than the WHO and FAO set maximum residue limit (MRL) 0.01 mg/kg and the Acceptable Daily Intake value (ADI) of 0.006 mg/kg which is considered safe for consumption as at the time of the present research work. But their presence in the fish samples also cause for concern, therefore, it is important for relevant agencies to be involve in the management of Alau Dam with respect to herbicide residues.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11
Page(s) 53-58
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Fish, Herbicide, Residues, Organs, MRL, ADI

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Joseph Clement Akan, Lawan Bukar Inuwa, Zaynab Muhammad Chellube, Musa Muhammad Mahmud, Fanna Inna Abdulrahman. (2019). Assessment of the Levels of Herbicide Residues in Fish Samples from Alau Dam, Maiduguri, Borno, State, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 3(2), 53-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11

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    ACS Style

    Joseph Clement Akan; Lawan Bukar Inuwa; Zaynab Muhammad Chellube; Musa Muhammad Mahmud; Fanna Inna Abdulrahman. Assessment of the Levels of Herbicide Residues in Fish Samples from Alau Dam, Maiduguri, Borno, State, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2019, 3(2), 53-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11

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    AMA Style

    Joseph Clement Akan, Lawan Bukar Inuwa, Zaynab Muhammad Chellube, Musa Muhammad Mahmud, Fanna Inna Abdulrahman. Assessment of the Levels of Herbicide Residues in Fish Samples from Alau Dam, Maiduguri, Borno, State, Nigeria. Int J Environ Chem. 2019;3(2):53-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11,
      author = {Joseph Clement Akan and Lawan Bukar Inuwa and Zaynab Muhammad Chellube and Musa Muhammad Mahmud and Fanna Inna Abdulrahman},
      title = {Assessment of the Levels of Herbicide Residues in Fish Samples from Alau Dam, Maiduguri, Borno, State, Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {53-58},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20190302.11},
      abstract = {The aim of this study is to determine the levels of atrazine, propanil, alachlor, metolachlor, paraquat, propachlor, butachlor and glysophate in the flesh, liver, intestine and gills of Tilapia zilli, Clarias anguillaris, Synodentis budgetti and Heterotis niloticus from Alau Dam The highest total concentrations of all the studied herbicide residues were detected in Tilapia zillii, follow by Clarias anguillaris, while Synodentis budgetti shows the lowest values. The highest concentrations of all the herbicide residues were detected in the liver of Tilapia zilli and Clarias angullaris while Synodentis budgetti shows the lowest value. Also, the flesh and gills of Tilapia zilli was observed to show the highest levels of all the studied herbicides, while Clarias angullaris shows the lowest value. The values observed for herbicide residues were lower than the WHO and FAO set maximum residue limit (MRL) 0.01 mg/kg and the Acceptable Daily Intake value (ADI) of 0.006 mg/kg which is considered safe for consumption as at the time of the present research work. But their presence in the fish samples also cause for concern, therefore, it is important for relevant agencies to be involve in the management of Alau Dam with respect to herbicide residues.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of the Levels of Herbicide Residues in Fish Samples from Alau Dam, Maiduguri, Borno, State, Nigeria
    AU  - Joseph Clement Akan
    AU  - Lawan Bukar Inuwa
    AU  - Zaynab Muhammad Chellube
    AU  - Musa Muhammad Mahmud
    AU  - Fanna Inna Abdulrahman
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11
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    T2  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    JF  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    SP  - 53
    EP  - 58
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1460
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20190302.11
    AB  - The aim of this study is to determine the levels of atrazine, propanil, alachlor, metolachlor, paraquat, propachlor, butachlor and glysophate in the flesh, liver, intestine and gills of Tilapia zilli, Clarias anguillaris, Synodentis budgetti and Heterotis niloticus from Alau Dam The highest total concentrations of all the studied herbicide residues were detected in Tilapia zillii, follow by Clarias anguillaris, while Synodentis budgetti shows the lowest values. The highest concentrations of all the herbicide residues were detected in the liver of Tilapia zilli and Clarias angullaris while Synodentis budgetti shows the lowest value. Also, the flesh and gills of Tilapia zilli was observed to show the highest levels of all the studied herbicides, while Clarias angullaris shows the lowest value. The values observed for herbicide residues were lower than the WHO and FAO set maximum residue limit (MRL) 0.01 mg/kg and the Acceptable Daily Intake value (ADI) of 0.006 mg/kg which is considered safe for consumption as at the time of the present research work. But their presence in the fish samples also cause for concern, therefore, it is important for relevant agencies to be involve in the management of Alau Dam with respect to herbicide residues.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

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