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Democratization Through Convergence: External Factors in Political Transition in Eastern Europe

Received: 17 April 2019    Accepted: 3 June 2019    Published: 9 July 2019
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Abstract

The ways post-communist countries develop are fundamentally different. The democratic transition that began in these countries almost simultaneously resulted in the formation of various political regimes in the post-communist space after more than 25 years of transformation - from consolidated democracies in Central and Eastern Europe and the Baltics, to openly autocratic political regimes in Asian republics, Belarus and Russia. Some authors believe that it is the "distance to Brussels" that determines the level of democracy development in post-communist countries. But the "distance to Moscow" determines political transition too. That is, the depth of integration with Brussels, on the one hand, and Moscow, on the other, determines the quality of a political regime. All this gives grounds for the hypothesis that convergence can both stimulate democratization processes and cause their regression. So, my research sought to addresses such questions: What impact did external factors in their politics? Why convergence processes are so important for democratic transition post-communist countries of East Europe? What factors explain patterns and differences? The author pays attention to the nature of exogenous influences in the East Europe countries, which are located between two centers of power - big geopolitical players - the EU and Russia. Also, author analyzes the impact of convergence process on political transition in Ukraine as very specific case of political transition.

Published in Journal of Political Science and International Relations (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.jpsir.20190202.11
Page(s) 32-38
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Democratization, Convergence, External Factors, Political Transition, Eastern Europe

References
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[3] Brinks D., Coppedge M. Diffusion is No Illusion: Neighbor Emulation in the Third Wave of Democracy // Comparative Political Studies. 2006. Vol. 39. –P. 463–489.
[4] Hantington S. P. After Twenty Years: The Future of the Third Wave // Journal of Democracy. 1997, Vol. 8, No. 4, P. 3–2.
[5] Hale H. Patronal Democracy. 2015, 530 p.
[6] Gelman V. «Podryvnije instituty I neformalnoje upravlenije v sovremennoj Rossii / Preprint М-13/10. –SPb.: European University in Sankt-Petersburg, 2010, 28 p.
[7] Gleditch K. S., Ward M. D. Diffusion and the International Context of Democratization // International Organization. 2006, Vol. 60, P. 911–933.
[8] Moravcsik A. Introduction: Integration International and Domestic Theories of International Bargaining // Double-Edged Diplomacy: International Bargaining and Domestic Politics / ed. by P. B. Evans, H. K. Jacobson, R. D. Putnam. Barleley (CA): University of California Press, 1993, P. 5–9.
[9] Pridham G., Vanhanen T. (eds.). Democratization in Eastern Europe: Domestic and International Perspectives. L.: Routledge, 1994.
[10] Rozov N. Neopatrimonialnije regimy: raznoobrazije, dinamica I perspectivy democratizatsii // Polis. Political Researchers, 2016, №1, p. 139–140.
[11] Smith T. America’s Mission. The United States and the World Worldwide Straggle for Democracy in the Twentieth Century. Princeton (NJ): Prinston University Press, 1994, 309 p.
[12] Whitehead L. Democratization: Theory and Experience. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002; Whitehead L. Democracy by Convergence and Southern Europe: A Comparative Politics Perspective // Encouraging Democracy: The International Context of Regime Transition in Southern Europe / ed. By G. Pridham, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, 1991, P. 1–29.
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  • APA Style

    Galyna Zelenko. (2019). Democratization Through Convergence: External Factors in Political Transition in Eastern Europe. Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 2(2), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20190202.11

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    ACS Style

    Galyna Zelenko. Democratization Through Convergence: External Factors in Political Transition in Eastern Europe. J. Polit. Sci. Int. Relat. 2019, 2(2), 32-38. doi: 10.11648/j.jpsir.20190202.11

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    AMA Style

    Galyna Zelenko. Democratization Through Convergence: External Factors in Political Transition in Eastern Europe. J Polit Sci Int Relat. 2019;2(2):32-38. doi: 10.11648/j.jpsir.20190202.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jpsir.20190202.11,
      author = {Galyna Zelenko},
      title = {Democratization Through Convergence: External Factors in Political Transition in Eastern Europe},
      journal = {Journal of Political Science and International Relations},
      volume = {2},
      number = {2},
      pages = {32-38},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jpsir.20190202.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20190202.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jpsir.20190202.11},
      abstract = {The ways post-communist countries develop are fundamentally different. The democratic transition that began in these countries almost simultaneously resulted in the formation of various political regimes in the post-communist space after more than 25 years of transformation - from consolidated democracies in Central and Eastern Europe and the Baltics, to openly autocratic political regimes in Asian republics, Belarus and Russia. Some authors believe that it is the "distance to Brussels" that determines the level of democracy development in post-communist countries. But the "distance to Moscow" determines political transition too. That is, the depth of integration with Brussels, on the one hand, and Moscow, on the other, determines the quality of a political regime. All this gives grounds for the hypothesis that convergence can both stimulate democratization processes and cause their regression. So, my research sought to addresses such questions: What impact did external factors in their politics? Why convergence processes are so important for democratic transition post-communist countries of East Europe? What factors explain patterns and differences? The author pays attention to the nature of exogenous influences in the East Europe countries, which are located between two centers of power - big geopolitical players - the EU and Russia. Also, author analyzes the impact of convergence process on political transition in Ukraine as very specific case of political transition.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    JO  - Journal of Political Science and International Relations
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    AB  - The ways post-communist countries develop are fundamentally different. The democratic transition that began in these countries almost simultaneously resulted in the formation of various political regimes in the post-communist space after more than 25 years of transformation - from consolidated democracies in Central and Eastern Europe and the Baltics, to openly autocratic political regimes in Asian republics, Belarus and Russia. Some authors believe that it is the "distance to Brussels" that determines the level of democracy development in post-communist countries. But the "distance to Moscow" determines political transition too. That is, the depth of integration with Brussels, on the one hand, and Moscow, on the other, determines the quality of a political regime. All this gives grounds for the hypothesis that convergence can both stimulate democratization processes and cause their regression. So, my research sought to addresses such questions: What impact did external factors in their politics? Why convergence processes are so important for democratic transition post-communist countries of East Europe? What factors explain patterns and differences? The author pays attention to the nature of exogenous influences in the East Europe countries, which are located between two centers of power - big geopolitical players - the EU and Russia. Also, author analyzes the impact of convergence process on political transition in Ukraine as very specific case of political transition.
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Author Information
  • Department of Political and Apply Researchers, Kuras Institute of Political and Ethnic Studies of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

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