Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Tesfa Mengie; Demeke Dejen; Temesgen Muche; Lemma Getacher

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Tesfa Mengie, Demeke Dejen, Temesgen Muche, Lemma Getacher

Published in International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 17 December 2020 Accepted: 14 February 2021 Published: 26 April 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Under nutrition and human immune deficiency virus/HIV have a vicious cycle. This study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of under nutrition and determinants among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia. Google scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library and web of science data bases were searched. Studies were assessed using risk of bias assessment tool. The heterogeneity of study was assessed using I2 test statistics. Data were pooled and a random effect meta-analysis model was fitted to provide the prevalence of under nutrition. Twenty-one studies that satisfy the eligibility criteria were included. The pooled prevalence of under nutrition among adults receiving ART was 27.4% (95% CI: 24.4-31.4). The pooled analysis showed that lack of RUTF was more likely to lead to under nutrition [AOR=2.34 (95%CI: 1.85- 3.85)]. Also under nutrition was more likely among adults receiving ART with WHO clinical stage four [AOR=2.01 (95%CI: 1.91- 3.82). The pooled prevalence of under nutrition was high and Lack of RUTF as well as WHO clinical stage 4 showed significant associations with under nutrition. This finding has implication to develop policy to improve under nutrition and to continue RUTF supplement program as an integral part of HIV/AIDS continuum of care.

Published in	International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11
Page(s)	1-6
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Under Nutrition, Determinants, and ART User

References

[1]	Adal M, Howe R, Kassa D, Aseffa A, Petros B. Malnutrition and lipid abnormalities in antiretroviral naïve HIV-infected adults in Addis Ababa. PLoS ONE. 2018; V: 13 (4): https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195942.
[2]	Admasu Belay Gizaw, Aklilu Eshetu and Dagmawit Birhanu. Malnutrition and Associated Factors among Adult People Living with HIV/AIDS Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy at Organization for Social Service Health Development in Jimma Town Oromia Region South West Ethiopia. General Medicine: Open Access. 2018; DOI: 10.4172/2327-5146.1000315.
[3]	Alene M, Yismaw L, Berelie Y, Kassie B, Yeshambel R, Assemie MA. Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS ONE. 2020; V: 15 (4).
[4]	Anbesaw Mitiku, Tadesse Awoke Ayele, Mekonen Assefa and Amare Tariku. Undernutrition and associated factors among adults living with Human Immune Deficiency Virus in Dembia District, northwest Ethiopia: an institution based cross-sectional study. Archives of Public Health. 2016; DOI 10.1186/s13690-016-0143-y.
[5]	Anema A, Vogenthaler N, Frongillo EA, Kadiyala S, Weiser SD. Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS: current knowledge, gaps, and research priorities. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2009; vol: 6 (4): 224–31. [PubMed: 19849966].
[6]	Anema A, Zhang W, Wu Y, Elul B, Weiser SD, Hogg RS, et al. Availability of nutritional support services in HIV care and treatment sites in sub-Saharan African countries. Public Health Nutrition. 2012; V: 15 (5): 938–47.
[7]	(Asnakew, M., Hailu, C. and Jarso, H. Malnutrition and Associated Factors among Adult Individuals Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Health Facilities of Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia. Open Access Library Journal. 2015; v: 2.
[8]	Ayenew Negessie, Dube Jara, Mekaunint Taddele and Sahai Burrowes. Determinants of undernutrition among adult patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Debre Markos referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Nutrition. 2019; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-019-0284-9.
[9]	Bilcha Oumer, Negussie Boti, Sultan Hussen, Teklemariam Gultie. Prevalence of under nutrition and associated factors among adults receiving first-line antiretroviral treatment in public health facilities of Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia. Dove Press journal: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care. 2019; Vol: 11, 313–320.
[10]	Bruno F. Sunguya, Nzovu K. Ulenga, Hellen Siril, Sarah Puryear, Eric Aris, Expeditho Mtisi, Edith Tarimo, David P. Urassa, Wafaie Fawzi and Ferdnand Mugusi. High magnitude of under nutrition among HIV infected adults who have not started ART in Tanzania a call to include nutrition care and treatment in the test and treat model. BMC Nutrition. 2017; DOI 10.1186/s40795-017-0180-0.
[11]	C. O. Enwonwu. Complex interactions between malnutrition, infection and immunity: relevance to HIV/AIDS infection, Nigerian Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research. 2006; vol: 1, no. 1, pp. 6–14.
[12]	Daka DW, Ergiba MS. Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy follow-up care in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2020; Vol: 15 (3): e0229883. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229883.
[13]	Dawit Wolde Daka, Meskerem Seboka Ergiba. Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among adult patients on Antiretroviral Therapy follow up care in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia. 2019; medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/19011130.
[14]	Delelegn Yilma Gebremichael, Kokeb Tesfamariam Hadush, Ermiyas Mulu Kebede and Robel Tezera Zegeye. Food Insecurity, Nutritional Status, and Factors Associated with Malnutrition among People Living with HIV/AIDS Attending Antiretroviral Therapy at Public Health Facilities in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia. Hindawi, BioMed Research International. 2018; p-9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1913534.
[15]	Dereje Gedle, Baye Gelaw, Dagnachew Muluye and Molla Mesele. Prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS receiving anti-retroviral therapy at Butajira Hospital, southern Ethiopia. BMC Nutrition. 2015; http://www.biomedcentral.com/2055-0928/1/5.
[16]	Dereje Gedle, Gemechu Kumera, Tewodros Eshete, Kasahun Ketema, Haweni Adugna and Fetuma Feyera. Intestinal parasitic infections and its association with under nutrition and CD4 T cell levels among HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in Butajira, Ethiopia. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. 2017; p: 2-10.
[17]	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The state of food insecurity in the World: Undernourishment around the world in 2014 Rome. 2014. Updated; cited. Available from: http://www.fao.org/3Za-i4030e.pdf.
[18]	Getu Teshome and Teshome Ayalew. Prevalence of Malnutrition and its Associated Factors among Adult HIV Positive Clients on Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Chiro Zonal Hospital, West Hararghe Oromia Zone, Ethiopia. 2020; vol: 11 (2), DOI: 10.37421/jar.2020.11.805.
[19]	Ivers LC, Cullen KA, Freedberg KA, Block S, Coates J, Webb P. HIV/AIDS, under nutrition and Food Insecurity. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2009; Vol: 49 (7): 1096–102.
[20]	Kelly P, Musonda R, Kafwembe E, Kaetano L, Keane E, Farthing M. Micronutrient supplementation in the AIDS diarrhoea-wasting syndrome in Zambia: a randomized controlled trial. journal of AIDs and palliative care. 1999; vol: 13 (4): 495–500.
[21]	Kudakwashe C. Takarinda, Tsitsi Mutasa-Apollo, Bernard Madzima, Brilliant Nkomo, Ancikaria Chigumira, Mirriam Banda, Monica Muti, Anthony D. Harries and Owen Mugurung. Malnutrition status and associated factors among HIV-positive patients enrolled in ART clinics in Zimbabwe. BMC Nutrition. 2017; DOI 10.1186/s40795-017-0132-8.
[22]	Lula Amza, Tsegaye Demissie and Yoseph Halala. Under nutrition and associated factors among adult on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Wolaita Sodo teaching and referral hospital, southern nation’s nationalities people’s region, Ethiopia. 2017; vol: 9 (2), pp. 10-19.
[23]	Meskerem Alemayehu Kenea, Sileshi Garoma, Habtamu Fekadu Gemede. Assessment of Adult Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among ART users in Nekemte Referral Hospital and Health Center, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences. 2015; Vol. 3 (2), pp. 56-63.
[24]	Mewuba Shamil Saliya, Telake Azale, Atinkut Alamirrew, Dawit Jember Tesfaye. Assessment of nutritional status and its associated factors among people affected by human immune deficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy: a cross sectional study in Siltiezone, South Ethiopia. 2018; Volume 6: 6361.
[25]	M. N. Woods. Dietary recommendations for the HIV/AIDS patient, in Nutritional Aspects of HIV Infection, T. I. Miller and S. L. Gorbach, Eds., Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA. 1999.
[26]	Molla Daniel, Fekadu Mazengia, Dereje Birhanu. Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among Adult HIV/AIDS Clients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health. 2013; Vol: 1 (1), pp. 24-31.
[27]	Mulugeta Dedha, Melake Damena, Gudina Egata, Lemma Negesa. Under nutrition and associated factors among adults human immunodeficiency virus positive on antiretroviral therapy in hospitals, East Hararge Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. 2017; Vol: 11, Issue 5.
[28]	Mulu H, Hamza L, Alemseged F. Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among hospitalized patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Jimma University specialized hospital, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2016; vol: 26 (3): 217–26.
[29]	N. S. Scrimshaw, C. E. Taylor, and J. E. Gordon. Interactions of nutrition and infection, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. 1968.
[30]	Olalekan A Uthman. Prevalence and pattern of HIV-related malnutrition among women in sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analysis of demographic health surveys. BMC Public Health. 2008; doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-226.
[31]	R. K. Chandra. McCollum Award Lecture. Nutrition and immunity: lessons from the past and new insights into the future. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1991; vol: 53 (5), pp. 1087–110.
[32]	R. K. Chandra. Symposium on nutrition, infection and immunity: nutrition and immunology: from the clinic to cellular biology and back again. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 1999; vol. 58 (3), pp. 681–683.
[33]	Samip Khatri, Archana Amatya and Binjwala Shrestha. Nutritional status and the associated factors among people living with HIV: an evidence from cross-sectional survey in hospital based antiretroviral therapy site in Kathmandu. BMC Nutrition. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-020-00346-7.
[34]	Shiferaw WG, Jegora AA, Lema L, Gebremariam BM. Under Nutrition Status and Its Determinants among Adult HIV and AIDS Clients Enrolled on Antiretroviral Therapy at Nigest Elleni Mohammed Memorial Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. J AIDS Clin Res. 2017; 8: 733. doi: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000733.
[35]	Solomon Hailemariam, Girma Tenkolu Bune and Henok Tadesse Ayele. Prevalence and its associated factors in People living with HIV/AIDS, in Dilla University Referral Hospital Archives of Public Health. 2013; http://www.archpublichealth.com/content/71/1/13.
[36]	Tsegazeab Hailu Hadgu, Walelegn Worku, Desalegn Tetemke and Hailemariam Berhe, 2013. Undernutrition among HIV positive women in Humera hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia. Antiretroviral therapy alone is not enough. BMC Public Health. 2013; http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/13/943.
[37]	World Health Organization. Energy and protein requirements, report of Joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert consultation, Technical Report Series 724, Geneva, Switzerland. 1985.
[38]	World Health Organization. Nutrient Requirements for People living with HIV/AIDS: Report of a technical consultation Geneva, Switzerland: 2003; updated; cited. Available from http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/hivaids/en/.
[39]	World Health Organization. Social determinants of health: What are social determinants of health. 2012; http://www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/finalreport/key_concepts/en/.
[40]	World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis report. Geneva, Switzerland. 2016; http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250441/1/9789241565394-eng.pdf?ua=1.
[41]	W. R. Beisel. Nutrition and immune function: overview, Journal of Nutrition. 1996; vol. 126 (10), pp. 2611.
[42]	Zale Zemede, Befikadu Tariku, Mesfin Kote, Wubshet Estifanos. Under nutrition and associated factors among HIV-positive adult patients enrolled in antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics in the Arba Minch area, southern Ethiopia, Dove Press journal of HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care. 2019; Vol: 11: 147–154.
[43]	Zinet Behailu, Robel Yirgu. Malnutrition among HIV-positive pregnant women; magnitude and determinants, in health centers of Addis Ababa Ethiopia. 2018; p: 1-5.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Tesfa Mengie, Demeke Dejen, Temesgen Muche, Lemma Getacher. (2021). Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines, 7(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Tesfa Mengie; Demeke Dejen; Temesgen Muche; Lemma Getacher. Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int. J. Homeopathy Nat. Med. 2021, 7(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Tesfa Mengie, Demeke Dejen, Temesgen Muche, Lemma Getacher. Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Homeopathy Nat Med. 2021;7(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11,
  author = {Tesfa Mengie and Demeke Dejen and Temesgen Muche and Lemma Getacher},
  title = {Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis},
  journal = {International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhnm.20210701.11},
  abstract = {Under nutrition and human immune deficiency virus/HIV have a vicious cycle. This study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of under nutrition and determinants among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia. Google scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library and web of science data bases were searched. Studies were assessed using risk of bias assessment tool. The heterogeneity of study was assessed using I2 test statistics. Data were pooled and a random effect meta-analysis model was fitted to provide the prevalence of under nutrition. Twenty-one studies that satisfy the eligibility criteria were included. The pooled prevalence of under nutrition among adults receiving ART was 27.4% (95% CI: 24.4-31.4). The pooled analysis showed that lack of RUTF was more likely to lead to under nutrition [AOR=2.34 (95%CI: 1.85- 3.85)]. Also under nutrition was more likely among adults receiving ART with WHO clinical stage four [AOR=2.01 (95%CI: 1.91- 3.82). The pooled prevalence of under nutrition was high and Lack of RUTF as well as WHO clinical stage 4 showed significant associations with under nutrition. This finding has implication to develop policy to improve under nutrition and to continue RUTF supplement program as an integral part of HIV/AIDS continuum of care.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AU - Tesfa Mengie
AU - Demeke Dejen
AU - Temesgen Muche
AU - Lemma Getacher
Y1 - 2021/04/26
PY - 2021
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11
T2 - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
JF - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
JO - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
SP - 1
EP - 6
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2472-2316
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11
AB - Under nutrition and human immune deficiency virus/HIV have a vicious cycle. This study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of under nutrition and determinants among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia. Google scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library and web of science data bases were searched. Studies were assessed using risk of bias assessment tool. The heterogeneity of study was assessed using I2 test statistics. Data were pooled and a random effect meta-analysis model was fitted to provide the prevalence of under nutrition. Twenty-one studies that satisfy the eligibility criteria were included. The pooled prevalence of under nutrition among adults receiving ART was 27.4% (95% CI: 24.4-31.4). The pooled analysis showed that lack of RUTF was more likely to lead to under nutrition [AOR=2.34 (95%CI: 1.85- 3.85)]. Also under nutrition was more likely among adults receiving ART with WHO clinical stage four [AOR=2.01 (95%CI: 1.91- 3.82). The pooled prevalence of under nutrition was high and Lack of RUTF as well as WHO clinical stage 4 showed significant associations with under nutrition. This finding has implication to develop policy to improve under nutrition and to continue RUTF supplement program as an integral part of HIV/AIDS continuum of care.
VL - 7
IS - 1
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Tesfa Mengie

Amhara Regional Health Bureau, CDC Project Zonal Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, Dessie, Ethiopia
Demeke Dejen

North Wollo Zone Cluster Health Facilities HIV Case Detection, Linkage, Care & Treatment Coordinator, Woldia, Ethiopia
Temesgen Muche

School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
Lemma Getacher

Department of Public Health, College of Health Science Institute of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Birhan University, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Tesfa Mengie, Demeke Dejen, Temesgen Muche, Lemma Getacher. (2021). Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines, 7(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Tesfa Mengie; Demeke Dejen; Temesgen Muche; Lemma Getacher. Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int. J. Homeopathy Nat. Med. 2021, 7(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Tesfa Mengie, Demeke Dejen, Temesgen Muche, Lemma Getacher. Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Homeopathy Nat Med. 2021;7(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11,
  author = {Tesfa Mengie and Demeke Dejen and Temesgen Muche and Lemma Getacher},
  title = {Under Nutrition and Its Determinants among Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis},
  journal = {International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20210701.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhnm.20210701.11},
  abstract = {Under nutrition and human immune deficiency virus/HIV have a vicious cycle. This study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of under nutrition and determinants among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia. Google scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library and web of science data bases were searched. Studies were assessed using risk of bias assessment tool. The heterogeneity of study was assessed using I2 test statistics. Data were pooled and a random effect meta-analysis model was fitted to provide the prevalence of under nutrition. Twenty-one studies that satisfy the eligibility criteria were included. The pooled prevalence of under nutrition among adults receiving ART was 27.4% (95% CI: 24.4-31.4). The pooled analysis showed that lack of RUTF was more likely to lead to under nutrition [AOR=2.34 (95%CI: 1.85- 3.85)]. Also under nutrition was more likely among adults receiving ART with WHO clinical stage four [AOR=2.01 (95%CI: 1.91- 3.82). The pooled prevalence of under nutrition was high and Lack of RUTF as well as WHO clinical stage 4 showed significant associations with under nutrition. This finding has implication to develop policy to improve under nutrition and to continue RUTF supplement program as an integral part of HIV/AIDS continuum of care.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download