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A Shift of Political Discourse: Critical Discourse Analysis of Ethiopian Prime Minister Dr. Abiy Ahmed’s Inaugural Speech

Received: 29 July 2019    Accepted: 12 October 2019    Published: 31 October 2019
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Abstract

This paper explains the political discourse shifts made by Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahemed’s April, 2, 2018 inaugural speech. P.M. Abiy`s inaugural speech is the text for this study analysis to extract the political and ideological discourse shifts observed in his speech. Mainly the analysis is done qualitatively through explaining a few excerpts of the inaugural speech. To substantiate the qualitative analysis, key word quantitative analysis is also applied. The analysis results show that Prime Minister Abiy made significant shifts of political discourse from his predecessors and Tigray People Liberation Front lead Ethiopian People Revolutionary Democratic Front (TPLF/EPRDF). The discourse shifts are observed in representing Ethiopian history, defining identity, and interpretation of pluralism in Ethiopia. For instance, P.M. Abiy portrays Ethiopia as a country of citizens whose identity is inseparable where as TPLF/EPRDF portrays Ethiopia as a country of nation nationalities whose identity is the sum total of different identities; the P.M claims for “Ethiopia first” rhetoric where as TPLF/EPRDF claims for “my ethnic first” rhetoric; P.M. Abiy aspires for a country of ideas but, TPLF/EPRDF has worked for a country of identities.

Published in Advances in Sciences and Humanities (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ash.20190505.13
Page(s) 128-137
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Discourse Shifts, TPLF/EPRDF, Pluralism, Ideology, Identity

References
[1] Abbink, J. (2011). Ethnic–based federalism and ethnicity in Ethiopia: Reassessing the experiment after 20 years, Journal of Eastern Africa Studies, 5 (4), 596-618. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2011.642516
[2] Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis. London: Longman. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge.../S00474045000195339
[3] Van Dijk, T. (2000). Politics, ideology, and discourse. Universitat Pompeu Febru, Barcelona, Spain, Elsevier Ltd. Retrieved from http://www.discourses.org/OldArticles/Politics, %20Idology%20and%20Discourse.phf.
[4] Gee, J. and Handford, M. (2012). The Routledge handbook of discourse analysis. Routledge, London and New York. Retrieved from https://lib.ugent.be/en/catalog/rug01:002036555
[5] Fiske, J. (1987). Television culture. London: Methuen.
[6] Van Dijk, T. (1998). What is political discourse analysis: political linguistics? Amsterdam: Benjamins. Retrieved from Discourses.org/OldArticles/What%20is%20political%20Discourse%20Analysis.pdf
[7] Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman Group, UK, Retrieved from discourses.org/old/Articles/what%20is20political%20Discourse%20Analysis.pdf
[8] Fairclough, N. (2003). Analysing Discourse Textual analysis for social research. Longman Group, UK (1st Edi), Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/DELL/Downloads/ii.%20Norman_Fairclough_Analysing_discourse.pdf
[9] Fairclough, N. (2000). Analyzing discourse textual analysis for social research. Rutledge; USA and Canada. Retrieved from https://edisciplinas.usp.br/...php/..../ii.%20NOrman_Fairclough_Analysing_discourse.pdf
[10] Lawrence &Wishart. (1957). Political economy: A textbook issued by the economics institute Of the academy of sciences of the U.S.S.R. London. Retrieved from www.revolutiopnarydemocracy.org/archive/PoliticalEconomy.pdf
[11] Bach, J. (2014). EPRDF`s Nation –Building: Tinkering with convictions and pragmatism, CadernosdeEstudosAfricanos. Retrieved from http://journals.openedition.org/cea/150; DOI: 10.4000/cea. 1501
[12] Ethiopian People Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) (September, 2006). Program. Retrieved from www.eqrdf.org.et/documents/10184/..../1f87f164-8fde-4831-8341-oc0fbcec1444
[13] Abbink, K. and e ta ls. (2016). Intergroup Conflict and Intra-Group Punishment in an Experimental Contest Game.American Economic Review 2010, 100 (1), 420–447 accessed from http://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/aer.100.1.420
[14] Sande, J. Berouk, M. (2018). Ethiopia: A political economy analysis. Report commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2018 report, Norway. Retrieved from https://brage.bibsys.no/.../NUPI_rapport_%2BEthiopia_%2BSandeLie_Mesfin.pdf
[15] Ethiopian People Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) (1996). Program. Retrieved from https://journals.openedition.org/cea/pdf/1501
[16] Ritchie, J. and Lewis, J. (2003). Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. Retrieved from Psy.au.dk/fileadmin/site_files/filer_psykologi/documenter/CKM/NB36/Ritchie.pdf
[17] Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) 1994 Constitution
[18] Ethiopian Central Statics Agency Census Report (2007).
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  • APA Style

    Muluken Asegidew Chekol. (2019). A Shift of Political Discourse: Critical Discourse Analysis of Ethiopian Prime Minister Dr. Abiy Ahmed’s Inaugural Speech. Advances in Sciences and Humanities, 5(5), 128-137. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ash.20190505.13

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    Muluken Asegidew Chekol. A Shift of Political Discourse: Critical Discourse Analysis of Ethiopian Prime Minister Dr. Abiy Ahmed’s Inaugural Speech. Adv. Sci. Humanit. 2019, 5(5), 128-137. doi: 10.11648/j.ash.20190505.13

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    AMA Style

    Muluken Asegidew Chekol. A Shift of Political Discourse: Critical Discourse Analysis of Ethiopian Prime Minister Dr. Abiy Ahmed’s Inaugural Speech. Adv Sci Humanit. 2019;5(5):128-137. doi: 10.11648/j.ash.20190505.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ash.20190505.13,
      author = {Muluken Asegidew Chekol},
      title = {A Shift of Political Discourse: Critical Discourse Analysis of Ethiopian Prime Minister Dr. Abiy Ahmed’s Inaugural Speech},
      journal = {Advances in Sciences and Humanities},
      volume = {5},
      number = {5},
      pages = {128-137},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ash.20190505.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ash.20190505.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ash.20190505.13},
      abstract = {This paper explains the political discourse shifts made by Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahemed’s April, 2, 2018 inaugural speech. P.M. Abiy`s inaugural speech is the text for this study analysis to extract the political and ideological discourse shifts observed in his speech. Mainly the analysis is done qualitatively through explaining a few excerpts of the inaugural speech. To substantiate the qualitative analysis, key word quantitative analysis is also applied. The analysis results show that Prime Minister Abiy made significant shifts of political discourse from his predecessors and Tigray People Liberation Front lead Ethiopian People Revolutionary Democratic Front (TPLF/EPRDF). The discourse shifts are observed in representing Ethiopian history, defining identity, and interpretation of pluralism in Ethiopia. For instance, P.M. Abiy portrays Ethiopia as a country of citizens whose identity is inseparable where as TPLF/EPRDF portrays Ethiopia as a country of nation nationalities whose identity is the sum total of different identities; the P.M claims for “Ethiopia first” rhetoric where as TPLF/EPRDF claims for “my ethnic first” rhetoric; P.M. Abiy aspires for a country of ideas but, TPLF/EPRDF has worked for a country of identities.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    AB  - This paper explains the political discourse shifts made by Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahemed’s April, 2, 2018 inaugural speech. P.M. Abiy`s inaugural speech is the text for this study analysis to extract the political and ideological discourse shifts observed in his speech. Mainly the analysis is done qualitatively through explaining a few excerpts of the inaugural speech. To substantiate the qualitative analysis, key word quantitative analysis is also applied. The analysis results show that Prime Minister Abiy made significant shifts of political discourse from his predecessors and Tigray People Liberation Front lead Ethiopian People Revolutionary Democratic Front (TPLF/EPRDF). The discourse shifts are observed in representing Ethiopian history, defining identity, and interpretation of pluralism in Ethiopia. For instance, P.M. Abiy portrays Ethiopia as a country of citizens whose identity is inseparable where as TPLF/EPRDF portrays Ethiopia as a country of nation nationalities whose identity is the sum total of different identities; the P.M claims for “Ethiopia first” rhetoric where as TPLF/EPRDF claims for “my ethnic first” rhetoric; P.M. Abiy aspires for a country of ideas but, TPLF/EPRDF has worked for a country of identities.
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Author Information
  • Department of Journalism & Communication, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

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