Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda

Kabiru Usman Muhammad; Peter Chidiebere Okorie; Esther Umahi; Emmanuel Obiano; Joel Rimande

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12

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Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda

Kabiru Usman Muhammad, Peter Chidiebere Okorie, Esther Umahi, Emmanuel Obiano, Joel Rimande

Published in International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 8 November 2018 Accepted: 4 December 2018 Published: 26 December 2018

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Abstract

HIV infection and psychiatric disorders have a complex relationship. Being HIV infected could result in psychiatric disorders as a psychological consequence of the infection or because of the effect of the HIV virus on the brain. This study aimed at investigating Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Kabarole District, Uganda. Structured, pretested Individual Patient Record Review Checklist and General Patient Record Checklist was used to collect data from the hospital’s records. Key Informant Interview (KII) were used to validate checklist findings. It was found that most of the respondents were females (58%), most were in age group (26-36yrs) 40%, majority of the respondents were married (53%), by religion most were protestant (39%), by tribe majority were Mutooro (53%), most of the respondent were illiterate (37%), by occupation majority were peasant farmer 78 (50%), most of the respondent has less than 5 children (80%) and majority were from fort portal municipality (35%) respectively. It was equally found that there was a significant relationships between age, marital status and level of education, where psychological disorder were most common among female with depression 22, anxiety 16, grief 9 and dementia 4, depression is most common in age group of 16-25yrs and 26-35yrs with 11 respectively, depression is mostly among married client 17 (45%) followed by single 12 (31%). These findings suggests that more attention needs to be paid to these disorders, particularly in the light of literature demonstrating the impact of mental disorders, especially depression and anxiety, on disease progression and adherence to antiretroviral medication and formation of liason in management of HIV/AIDs and psychological disorders or to generate a joint treatment plan.

Published in	International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12
Page(s)	35-43
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

AIDS, HIV, Illness, Mental and Psychological

References

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[2]	Keyes, C. L. (2005). Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health. Journal of Consulting Clinical Psychology; 73 (3): 539-548.
[3]	Barry, M. M. (2009). Addressing the Determinants of Positive Mental Health: concepts, evidence and practice. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion; 11 (3): 4-17.
[4]	Patten, S. B. (1991). Are the Brown and Harris “vulnerability factors” risk factors for depression? Journal of Psychiatry Neuro sci.; 16 (5): 267-271.
[5]	Murray, C. J. L., Vos, T., Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Flaxman, A. D., Michaud, C. (2012). Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet; 380 (9859): 2197-2223.
[6]	WHO (2000). World Health Report-Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope. Geneva, 2001.
[7]	Peter, J. C. (2005). Mental Health in the Era of HIV: Investigating Mental Distress, its Determinants, Conceptual models and the Impact of HIV in Zambia, University of Bergen.
[8]	Treisman, G. J & Angelino, A. F. (2004). The Psychiatry of AIDS: A Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment. The Johns Hopkins University press.
[9]	Prabha, S. C., Geetha, D. & Sanjeev, R. (2005). HIV & Psychiatric Disorders. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 121 (4), 451-467.
[10]	Cournos, F., McKinon, K. & Sullivan, G. (2005). Schizophrenia and Co-morbid Human Immunodeficiency virus or Hepatitis C virus. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 66 (6); 27-33.
[11]	Smit, J; Myer, L; Middelkoop K, Seedat, S; Wood, R; Bekker, L. G &Stein, D. J. (2006). Mental Health and sexual risk behaviours in a South African township: a community-based cross-sectional study. Public Health, 120 (6): 534–542.
[12]	WHO (2008). HIV/AIDS and Mental Health, EXECUTIVE BOARD EB124/6, 124th Session 20 November 2008, Provisional agenda item 4.3.
[13]	Tancred, H. A. J., VanRensburg, H. P., Joubert, G. (2000). The prevalence and severity of major depression in heterosexual male HIV infected patients in the orange free state. Genneskunde. The Medical Journal; 42: 27-31.
[14]	Tafari, S & Aboud, F. E. (1991). Determinants of mental illness in rural Ethiopian population. Soc. Sci Med; 32 (2): 197-201.
[15]	Gupta, R., Dandu, M., Packel, L., Rutherford, G., Leiter, L., Phaladze, N. (2010). Depression and HIV in Botswana: A population-based study on Gender-specific socioeconomic and Behavioral Correlates. Plos ONE. 5 (12).
[16]	Collins, P. Y., Holman, A. R., Freeman, M. C, & Patel, V. (2006). What is the relevance of mental health to HIV/AIDS care and treatment programs in developing countries? A systemic Review. AIDS; 20: 1571-1582.
[17]	District HIV Surveillance Report (2012). District HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan. Kabarole District, 2011/12-2014/2015.
[18]	Kabarole District Local Government Health Sector (2013). Kabarole District Local Government Health Sector Annual Plan 2013/2014.

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APA Style

Kabiru Usman Muhammad, Peter Chidiebere Okorie, Esther Umahi, Emmanuel Obiano, Joel Rimande. (2018). Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 4(2), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12

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ACS Style

Kabiru Usman Muhammad; Peter Chidiebere Okorie; Esther Umahi; Emmanuel Obiano; Joel Rimande. Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda. Int. J. HIV/AIDS Prev. Educ. Behav. Sci. 2018, 4(2), 35-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12

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AMA Style

Kabiru Usman Muhammad, Peter Chidiebere Okorie, Esther Umahi, Emmanuel Obiano, Joel Rimande. Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda. Int J HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Behav Sci. 2018;4(2):35-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12,
  author = {Kabiru Usman Muhammad and Peter Chidiebere Okorie and Esther Umahi and Emmanuel Obiano and Joel Rimande},
  title = {Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda},
  journal = {International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {35-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhpebs.20180402.12},
  abstract = {HIV infection and psychiatric disorders have a complex relationship. Being HIV infected could result in psychiatric disorders as a psychological consequence of the infection or because of the effect of the HIV virus on the brain. This study aimed at investigating Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Kabarole District, Uganda. Structured, pretested Individual Patient Record Review Checklist and General Patient Record Checklist was used to collect data from the hospital’s records. Key Informant Interview (KII) were used to validate checklist findings. It was found that most of the respondents were females (58%), most were in age group (26-36yrs) 40%, majority of the respondents were married (53%), by religion most were protestant (39%), by tribe majority were Mutooro (53%), most of the respondent were illiterate (37%), by occupation majority were peasant farmer 78 (50%), most of the respondent has less than 5 children (80%) and majority were from fort portal municipality (35%) respectively. It was equally found that there was a significant relationships between age, marital status and level of education, where psychological disorder were most common among female with depression 22, anxiety 16, grief 9 and dementia 4, depression is most common in age group of 16-25yrs and 26-35yrs with 11 respectively, depression is mostly among married client 17 (45%) followed by single 12 (31%). These findings suggests that more attention needs to be paid to these disorders, particularly in the light of literature demonstrating the impact of mental disorders, especially depression and anxiety, on disease progression and adherence to antiretroviral medication and formation of liason in management of HIV/AIDs and psychological disorders or to generate a joint treatment plan.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda
AU  - Kabiru Usman Muhammad
AU  - Peter Chidiebere Okorie
AU  - Esther Umahi
AU  - Emmanuel Obiano
AU  - Joel Rimande
Y1  - 2018/12/26
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12
T2  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JF  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JO  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
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PB  - Science Publishing Group
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12
AB  - HIV infection and psychiatric disorders have a complex relationship. Being HIV infected could result in psychiatric disorders as a psychological consequence of the infection or because of the effect of the HIV virus on the brain. This study aimed at investigating Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Kabarole District, Uganda. Structured, pretested Individual Patient Record Review Checklist and General Patient Record Checklist was used to collect data from the hospital’s records. Key Informant Interview (KII) were used to validate checklist findings. It was found that most of the respondents were females (58%), most were in age group (26-36yrs) 40%, majority of the respondents were married (53%), by religion most were protestant (39%), by tribe majority were Mutooro (53%), most of the respondent were illiterate (37%), by occupation majority were peasant farmer 78 (50%), most of the respondent has less than 5 children (80%) and majority were from fort portal municipality (35%) respectively. It was equally found that there was a significant relationships between age, marital status and level of education, where psychological disorder were most common among female with depression 22, anxiety 16, grief 9 and dementia 4, depression is most common in age group of 16-25yrs and 26-35yrs with 11 respectively, depression is mostly among married client 17 (45%) followed by single 12 (31%). These findings suggests that more attention needs to be paid to these disorders, particularly in the light of literature demonstrating the impact of mental disorders, especially depression and anxiety, on disease progression and adherence to antiretroviral medication and formation of liason in management of HIV/AIDs and psychological disorders or to generate a joint treatment plan.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Kabiru Usman Muhammad

Department of Public Health, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria
Peter Chidiebere Okorie

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria; Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Health Technology and Engineering, Federal College of Dental Technology and Therapy, Enugu, Nigeria
Esther Umahi

Department of Public Health, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria
Emmanuel Obiano

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria
Joel Rimande

Department of Public Health, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria

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APA Style

Kabiru Usman Muhammad, Peter Chidiebere Okorie, Esther Umahi, Emmanuel Obiano, Joel Rimande. (2018). Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 4(2), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12

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ACS Style

Kabiru Usman Muhammad; Peter Chidiebere Okorie; Esther Umahi; Emmanuel Obiano; Joel Rimande. Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda. Int. J. HIV/AIDS Prev. Educ. Behav. Sci. 2018, 4(2), 35-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12

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AMA Style

Kabiru Usman Muhammad, Peter Chidiebere Okorie, Esther Umahi, Emmanuel Obiano, Joel Rimande. Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda. Int J HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Behav Sci. 2018;4(2):35-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12,
  author = {Kabiru Usman Muhammad and Peter Chidiebere Okorie and Esther Umahi and Emmanuel Obiano and Joel Rimande},
  title = {Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda},
  journal = {International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {35-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhpebs.20180402.12},
  abstract = {HIV infection and psychiatric disorders have a complex relationship. Being HIV infected could result in psychiatric disorders as a psychological consequence of the infection or because of the effect of the HIV virus on the brain. This study aimed at investigating Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Kabarole District, Uganda. Structured, pretested Individual Patient Record Review Checklist and General Patient Record Checklist was used to collect data from the hospital’s records. Key Informant Interview (KII) were used to validate checklist findings. It was found that most of the respondents were females (58%), most were in age group (26-36yrs) 40%, majority of the respondents were married (53%), by religion most were protestant (39%), by tribe majority were Mutooro (53%), most of the respondent were illiterate (37%), by occupation majority were peasant farmer 78 (50%), most of the respondent has less than 5 children (80%) and majority were from fort portal municipality (35%) respectively. It was equally found that there was a significant relationships between age, marital status and level of education, where psychological disorder were most common among female with depression 22, anxiety 16, grief 9 and dementia 4, depression is most common in age group of 16-25yrs and 26-35yrs with 11 respectively, depression is mostly among married client 17 (45%) followed by single 12 (31%). These findings suggests that more attention needs to be paid to these disorders, particularly in the light of literature demonstrating the impact of mental disorders, especially depression and anxiety, on disease progression and adherence to antiretroviral medication and formation of liason in management of HIV/AIDs and psychological disorders or to generate a joint treatment plan.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Kabarole District, Uganda
AU  - Kabiru Usman Muhammad
AU  - Peter Chidiebere Okorie
AU  - Esther Umahi
AU  - Emmanuel Obiano
AU  - Joel Rimande
Y1  - 2018/12/26
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12
T2  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JF  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
JO  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
SP  - 35
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5765
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20180402.12
AB  - HIV infection and psychiatric disorders have a complex relationship. Being HIV infected could result in psychiatric disorders as a psychological consequence of the infection or because of the effect of the HIV virus on the brain. This study aimed at investigating Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Mental Illness in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Kabarole District, Uganda. Structured, pretested Individual Patient Record Review Checklist and General Patient Record Checklist was used to collect data from the hospital’s records. Key Informant Interview (KII) were used to validate checklist findings. It was found that most of the respondents were females (58%), most were in age group (26-36yrs) 40%, majority of the respondents were married (53%), by religion most were protestant (39%), by tribe majority were Mutooro (53%), most of the respondent were illiterate (37%), by occupation majority were peasant farmer 78 (50%), most of the respondent has less than 5 children (80%) and majority were from fort portal municipality (35%) respectively. It was equally found that there was a significant relationships between age, marital status and level of education, where psychological disorder were most common among female with depression 22, anxiety 16, grief 9 and dementia 4, depression is most common in age group of 16-25yrs and 26-35yrs with 11 respectively, depression is mostly among married client 17 (45%) followed by single 12 (31%). These findings suggests that more attention needs to be paid to these disorders, particularly in the light of literature demonstrating the impact of mental disorders, especially depression and anxiety, on disease progression and adherence to antiretroviral medication and formation of liason in management of HIV/AIDs and psychological disorders or to generate a joint treatment plan.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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