Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry

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The Magnitude of Adherence Diabetic Patients Toward Their Anti-diabetic Medication and Associated Factors in Asmara, Eritrea

Received: 29 August 2020    Accepted: 16 September 2020    Published: 16 December 2020
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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health problem that affects individuals of all ages. Anti-diabetic medications are integral for glycemic control in diabetes. Lack of adherence to drugs can alter blood glucose levels and can lead to treatment failure, accelerated development of complications, and increased morbidity, mortality, and disability. In Eritrea, adherence to anti-diabetic medication is not well studied so far. The study aimed to assess the magnitude of adherence of diabetic patients toward their anti-diabetes medication and associated factors in the diabetic clinic of Halibut National Referral Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Asmara Halibet National Referral Hospital diabetic clinic from February 01 to May 31, 2019. Subjects of the study were all diabetic patients 16 years and above and had been on diabetic treatment for not less than six months. The sample size of this study was 205 determined using Crecy & Morgan formula and convenience non-probability sampling was used to select study participants. Data were collected through an interview questionnaire assessed using self-report which then, cleaned, coded, and entered to excel and exported to SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done to determine adherence to anti-diabetic medication and the associated factors. A total of 205 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The level of adherence was found to be 86.3%. Factors found to be significantly associated with anti-diabetes medication were duration of diabetes (P-value=0.001), Health education about DM and its medications (P-value=0.004), taking multiple medication (P-Value=0.018), forgetfulness (P-value=0.000), and monitoring of blood glucose level (p-value=0.06). In conclusion, the majority of respondents 86.3% in this study were found to be adherent to their anti-diabetic medications. Strategies that further improves anti-diabetic drug availability, provide health education, reduce the intervals of visits for follow-ups on diabetic care, and giving explicit information and persistent close family support for those taking multiple medications may help in improving adherence levels among patients with diabetes.

DOI 10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11
Published in Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry (Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020)
Page(s) 39-46
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Adherence, Patients

References
[1] International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes Atlas: International Diabetes Federation 2019.
[2] Ministry of Health (2017). Diabetes Control Program: Annual report. Asmara, Eritrea.
[3] MOH (2012). National Steps Survey for Chronic Non Communicable Diseases and their Risk Factors, In DPC/NCD. Asmara, Eritrea.
[4] World Health Organization (2003). Adherence to long-term therapies, Evidence for action. Geneva, Switzerland.
[5] Cramer JA. (2004). A systematic review of adherence with medications for diabetes. Diabetes Care. Vol, 27, no. 5. pp 1218-1224, 2004.
[6] R. M Jamous, W. M Sweileh, A. S Abu Taha, A. F Sawalha, S. H Zyoud and D. E (2011). Morisky adherence and satisfaction with oral hypoglycaemic medication pilot study in Palestine. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, vol 33 no. 6 pp 942-948, 2011.
[7] Pollack MF, Purayidathil FW, Bolge SC, Williams SA. (2010). Patient-reported tolerability issues with oral anti diabetic agents: Associations with adherence; treatment satisfaction and health-related quality of life. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010; 87 (2): 204–10.
[8] Lee WC, Balu S, Cobden D, Joshi AV, Pashos CL (2006). Medication adherence and the associated health-economic impact among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus converting to insulin pen therapy: An analysis of third-party managed care claims data. ClinTher. 2006; 28 (10): 1712–25.
[9] VanBruggen R, Gorter K, Stolk RP, Zuithoff P, Klungel OH, Rutten GE (2009). Refill adherence and polypharmacy among patients with type 2 diabetes in general practice. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2009; 18 (11): 983–91.
[10] Jin J, Sklar GE, Min Sen OV, Chuen Li S. (2008). Factors affecting therapeutic compliance: A review from the patients’ perspective. TherClin Risk Manag. 2008; 4 (1): 269–86.
[11] Wong MCS, Kong APS, So W-Y, Jiang JY, Chan JCN, Griffiths SM. (2011). Adherence to Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in 26 782 Chinese Patients: A Cohort Study. J ClinPharmacol. 2011; 51 (10): 1474–82.
[12] Hutchins V, Zhang B, Fleurence RL, Krishnarajah G, Graham J (2011). A systematic review of adherence, treatment satisfaction and costs, in fixed-dose combination regimens in type 2 diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011; 27 (6): 1157–68.
[13] Kalyango JN, Owino E, Nambuya AP (2008) Non-adherence to diabetes treatment at Mulago Hospital in Uganda: prevalence and associated factors. Afr Health Sci 8: 67-73.
[14] James Bagonza, Elizeus Rutebemberwa and William Bazeyo (2015). Adherence to anti diabetic medication among patients with diabetes in eastern Uganda; a cross sectional study BMC Health Services Research 2015 15: 168. DOI: 10.1186/s12913-015-0820-5.
[15] Mohammed ARIFULLA, LishaJenny JOHN, Jayadevan SREEDHARAN, Jayakumary MUTTAPPALLYMYALIL, and Sheikh Altaf BASHA (2011). Patients’ adherence to anti-diabetic medications in a Hospital at Ajman, UAE, 2011.
[16] Mastewal Abebaw, Anteneh Messele, Mignote Hailu, and Fisseha Zewdu (2013). Adherence and associated factors towards antidibetic medication among type II diabetic patients on follow up at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
[17] Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Thato Moshomo, Marea Gaenamong, Taibat Aderonke Oyewo, Sivasomnath Gollakota, Francis Apolinary Mhimbira, Joseph Fadare, Brian Godman, Johanna C. Meyer, Yordanka Piña Rivera (2015). Antidiabetic medication adherence and associated factors among patients in Bostwana; implications for the future.
[18] Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera (2014. Adherence to anti- diabetic drugs among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Pan African Medical Journal. 2014; 17: 252. Doi: 10.11604/pamj.2014.17.252.2972.
[19] MARLON RUSSELL KOENIGSBERG, DONALD BARTLETT and J. STEVEN CRAMER (2004). Facilitating treatment adherence with lifestyle changes in diabetes University at Buffalo, State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York, 2004.
[20] Awuni Prosper Mandela Amaltinga (2017). Non adherence to diabetic medication among diabetic patients, a case study of Dormaa Hospital Ghana. Science Journal of Public Health. Vol. 5, No. 2, 2017, pp. 88-97. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20170502.15.
[21] Adisa R, Fakeye T and Fasanmade. (2011). A patients with Type 2 diabetes in a Tertiary Healthcare Setting In South-western Nigeria. Pharmacy Practice, 2011.
[22] Gelaw BK, Mohammed A, Tegegne GT, Defersha AD, Fromsa M, et al. (2014). Non Adherence and Contributing Factors among Ambulatory Patients with Anti Diabetic Medications in Adama Referral Hospital. Adv Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 3: 169. doi: 10.4172/2167-1052.1000169.
[23] Winnie Mandewo, Edward, E Dodge, AuxiliaChideme-Munodawafa and George Mandewo. (2014) Non-adherence to treatment among diabetic patients attending outpatients clinic at Mutare Provincial Hospital, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research volume 3, issue 9, September 2014.
[24] American Diabetes Association (2009). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009; 32 (Supplement 1): S13–61.
Author Information
  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

  • Department of Nursing and Public Health, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea

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    Daniel Tikue Asrat, Robiel Ankeste, Amanuel Tesfit, Naod Fsseha, Luwam Russom, et al. (2020). The Magnitude of Adherence Diabetic Patients Toward Their Anti-diabetic Medication and Associated Factors in Asmara, Eritrea. Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, 6(4), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11

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    ACS Style

    Daniel Tikue Asrat; Robiel Ankeste; Amanuel Tesfit; Naod Fsseha; Luwam Russom, et al. The Magnitude of Adherence Diabetic Patients Toward Their Anti-diabetic Medication and Associated Factors in Asmara, Eritrea. J. Drug Des. Med. Chem. 2020, 6(4), 39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11

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    AMA Style

    Daniel Tikue Asrat, Robiel Ankeste, Amanuel Tesfit, Naod Fsseha, Luwam Russom, et al. The Magnitude of Adherence Diabetic Patients Toward Their Anti-diabetic Medication and Associated Factors in Asmara, Eritrea. J Drug Des Med Chem. 2020;6(4):39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11,
      author = {Daniel Tikue Asrat and Robiel Ankeste and Amanuel Tesfit and Naod Fsseha and Luwam Russom and Ghirmay Yohannes and Frezghi Hidray and Hager Tesfaselassie},
      title = {The Magnitude of Adherence Diabetic Patients Toward Their Anti-diabetic Medication and Associated Factors in Asmara, Eritrea},
      journal = {Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {39-46},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jddmc.20200604.11},
      abstract = {Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health problem that affects individuals of all ages. Anti-diabetic medications are integral for glycemic control in diabetes. Lack of adherence to drugs can alter blood glucose levels and can lead to treatment failure, accelerated development of complications, and increased morbidity, mortality, and disability. In Eritrea, adherence to anti-diabetic medication is not well studied so far. The study aimed to assess the magnitude of adherence of diabetic patients toward their anti-diabetes medication and associated factors in the diabetic clinic of Halibut National Referral Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Asmara Halibet National Referral Hospital diabetic clinic from February 01 to May 31, 2019. Subjects of the study were all diabetic patients 16 years and above and had been on diabetic treatment for not less than six months. The sample size of this study was 205 determined using Crecy & Morgan formula and convenience non-probability sampling was used to select study participants. Data were collected through an interview questionnaire assessed using self-report which then, cleaned, coded, and entered to excel and exported to SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done to determine adherence to anti-diabetic medication and the associated factors. A total of 205 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The level of adherence was found to be 86.3%. Factors found to be significantly associated with anti-diabetes medication were duration of diabetes (P-value=0.001), Health education about DM and its medications (P-value=0.004), taking multiple medication (P-Value=0.018), forgetfulness (P-value=0.000), and monitoring of blood glucose level (p-value=0.06). In conclusion, the majority of respondents 86.3% in this study were found to be adherent to their anti-diabetic medications. Strategies that further improves anti-diabetic drug availability, provide health education, reduce the intervals of visits for follow-ups on diabetic care, and giving explicit information and persistent close family support for those taking multiple medications may help in improving adherence levels among patients with diabetes.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    T1  - The Magnitude of Adherence Diabetic Patients Toward Their Anti-diabetic Medication and Associated Factors in Asmara, Eritrea
    AU  - Daniel Tikue Asrat
    AU  - Robiel Ankeste
    AU  - Amanuel Tesfit
    AU  - Naod Fsseha
    AU  - Luwam Russom
    AU  - Ghirmay Yohannes
    AU  - Frezghi Hidray
    AU  - Hager Tesfaselassie
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    T2  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
    JF  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
    JO  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
    SP  - 39
    EP  - 46
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2472-3576
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20200604.11
    AB  - Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health problem that affects individuals of all ages. Anti-diabetic medications are integral for glycemic control in diabetes. Lack of adherence to drugs can alter blood glucose levels and can lead to treatment failure, accelerated development of complications, and increased morbidity, mortality, and disability. In Eritrea, adherence to anti-diabetic medication is not well studied so far. The study aimed to assess the magnitude of adherence of diabetic patients toward their anti-diabetes medication and associated factors in the diabetic clinic of Halibut National Referral Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Asmara Halibet National Referral Hospital diabetic clinic from February 01 to May 31, 2019. Subjects of the study were all diabetic patients 16 years and above and had been on diabetic treatment for not less than six months. The sample size of this study was 205 determined using Crecy & Morgan formula and convenience non-probability sampling was used to select study participants. Data were collected through an interview questionnaire assessed using self-report which then, cleaned, coded, and entered to excel and exported to SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done to determine adherence to anti-diabetic medication and the associated factors. A total of 205 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The level of adherence was found to be 86.3%. Factors found to be significantly associated with anti-diabetes medication were duration of diabetes (P-value=0.001), Health education about DM and its medications (P-value=0.004), taking multiple medication (P-Value=0.018), forgetfulness (P-value=0.000), and monitoring of blood glucose level (p-value=0.06). In conclusion, the majority of respondents 86.3% in this study were found to be adherent to their anti-diabetic medications. Strategies that further improves anti-diabetic drug availability, provide health education, reduce the intervals of visits for follow-ups on diabetic care, and giving explicit information and persistent close family support for those taking multiple medications may help in improving adherence levels among patients with diabetes.
    VL  - 6
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