Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana

Norvivor Forgive Awo; Gordon Chris; Appeaning-Addo Kwasi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12

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Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana

Norvivor Forgive Awo, Gordon Chris, Appeaning-Addo Kwasi

Published in Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 7 June 2017 Accepted: 8 August 2017 Published: 26 September 2017

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Abstract

The paper investigated physico-chemical quality of groundwater, considering the relative proximity of hand dug wells to coastal environment, but most importantly close to insanitary facilities like refuse dumps, septic tanks and pit latrines; this was done in selected coastal communities in the Keta. Thirty vials of water samples from selected hand dug wells in two seasons were tested for pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, Turbidity, Calcium, Magnesium, Nitrate, Sulphate, and Phosphate; WHO standards of drinking water were adopted to validate the results obtained and statistical analysis run. Statistical analysis of results showed a statistical significance in Turbidity, Nitrate, Phosphate, Calcium and Magnesium values at p<0.05, between the two seasons. There was a weak but significant correlation between Calcium and distance (r=0.398) and a strong correlation between Magnesium and distance (r=0.763). The study revealed that all the hand dug wells sampled recorded relatively high concentration of conductivity, turbidity, TDS, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphates, irrespective of their proximity to the insanitary facilities and coastal environment, apart from nitrates when compared to WHO standards of drinking water.

Published in	Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12
Page(s)	51-56
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Groundwater, Physico Chemical Quality, Coastal Communities, Sanitation

References

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APA Style

Norvivor Forgive Awo, Gordon Chris, Appeaning-Addo Kwasi. (2017). Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 3(3), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12

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ACS Style

Norvivor Forgive Awo; Gordon Chris; Appeaning-Addo Kwasi. Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana. J. Health Environ. Res. 2017, 3(3), 51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12

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AMA Style

Norvivor Forgive Awo, Gordon Chris, Appeaning-Addo Kwasi. Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana. J Health Environ Res. 2017;3(3):51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12,
  author = {Norvivor Forgive Awo and Gordon Chris and Appeaning-Addo Kwasi},
  title = {Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {51-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20170303.12},
  abstract = {The paper investigated physico-chemical quality of groundwater, considering the relative proximity of hand dug wells to coastal environment, but most importantly close to insanitary facilities like refuse dumps, septic tanks and pit latrines; this was done in selected coastal communities in the Keta. Thirty vials of water samples from selected hand dug wells in two seasons were tested for pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, Turbidity, Calcium, Magnesium, Nitrate, Sulphate, and Phosphate; WHO standards of drinking water were adopted to validate the results obtained and statistical analysis run. Statistical analysis of results showed a statistical significance in Turbidity, Nitrate, Phosphate, Calcium and Magnesium values at p<0.05, between the two seasons. There was a weak but significant correlation between Calcium and distance (r=0.398) and a strong correlation between Magnesium and distance (r=0.763). The study revealed that all the hand dug wells sampled recorded relatively high concentration of conductivity, turbidity, TDS, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphates, irrespective of their proximity to the insanitary facilities and coastal environment, apart from nitrates when compared to WHO standards of drinking water.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana
AU  - Norvivor Forgive Awo
AU  - Gordon Chris
AU  - Appeaning-Addo Kwasi
Y1  - 2017/09/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 51
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12
AB  - The paper investigated physico-chemical quality of groundwater, considering the relative proximity of hand dug wells to coastal environment, but most importantly close to insanitary facilities like refuse dumps, septic tanks and pit latrines; this was done in selected coastal communities in the Keta. Thirty vials of water samples from selected hand dug wells in two seasons were tested for pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, Turbidity, Calcium, Magnesium, Nitrate, Sulphate, and Phosphate; WHO standards of drinking water were adopted to validate the results obtained and statistical analysis run. Statistical analysis of results showed a statistical significance in Turbidity, Nitrate, Phosphate, Calcium and Magnesium values at p<0.05, between the two seasons. There was a weak but significant correlation between Calcium and distance (r=0.398) and a strong correlation between Magnesium and distance (r=0.763). The study revealed that all the hand dug wells sampled recorded relatively high concentration of conductivity, turbidity, TDS, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphates, irrespective of their proximity to the insanitary facilities and coastal environment, apart from nitrates when compared to WHO standards of drinking water.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Norvivor Forgive Awo

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (Hohoe Campus), University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho-Volta Region, Ghana
Gordon Chris

Institute for Environmental and Science Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
Appeaning-Addo Kwasi

Department of Marine and Fisheries Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Norvivor Forgive Awo, Gordon Chris, Appeaning-Addo Kwasi. (2017). Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 3(3), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12

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ACS Style

Norvivor Forgive Awo; Gordon Chris; Appeaning-Addo Kwasi. Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana. J. Health Environ. Res. 2017, 3(3), 51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12

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AMA Style

Norvivor Forgive Awo, Gordon Chris, Appeaning-Addo Kwasi. Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana. J Health Environ Res. 2017;3(3):51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12,
  author = {Norvivor Forgive Awo and Gordon Chris and Appeaning-Addo Kwasi},
  title = {Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {51-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20170303.12},
  abstract = {The paper investigated physico-chemical quality of groundwater, considering the relative proximity of hand dug wells to coastal environment, but most importantly close to insanitary facilities like refuse dumps, septic tanks and pit latrines; this was done in selected coastal communities in the Keta. Thirty vials of water samples from selected hand dug wells in two seasons were tested for pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, Turbidity, Calcium, Magnesium, Nitrate, Sulphate, and Phosphate; WHO standards of drinking water were adopted to validate the results obtained and statistical analysis run. Statistical analysis of results showed a statistical significance in Turbidity, Nitrate, Phosphate, Calcium and Magnesium values at p<0.05, between the two seasons. There was a weak but significant correlation between Calcium and distance (r=0.398) and a strong correlation between Magnesium and distance (r=0.763). The study revealed that all the hand dug wells sampled recorded relatively high concentration of conductivity, turbidity, TDS, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphates, irrespective of their proximity to the insanitary facilities and coastal environment, apart from nitrates when compared to WHO standards of drinking water.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana
AU  - Norvivor Forgive Awo
AU  - Gordon Chris
AU  - Appeaning-Addo Kwasi
Y1  - 2017/09/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 51
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170303.12
AB  - The paper investigated physico-chemical quality of groundwater, considering the relative proximity of hand dug wells to coastal environment, but most importantly close to insanitary facilities like refuse dumps, septic tanks and pit latrines; this was done in selected coastal communities in the Keta. Thirty vials of water samples from selected hand dug wells in two seasons were tested for pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, Turbidity, Calcium, Magnesium, Nitrate, Sulphate, and Phosphate; WHO standards of drinking water were adopted to validate the results obtained and statistical analysis run. Statistical analysis of results showed a statistical significance in Turbidity, Nitrate, Phosphate, Calcium and Magnesium values at p<0.05, between the two seasons. There was a weak but significant correlation between Calcium and distance (r=0.398) and a strong correlation between Magnesium and distance (r=0.763). The study revealed that all the hand dug wells sampled recorded relatively high concentration of conductivity, turbidity, TDS, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphates, irrespective of their proximity to the insanitary facilities and coastal environment, apart from nitrates when compared to WHO standards of drinking water.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download