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Modeling-impact of Land Use/Cover Change on Sediment Yield (Case Study on Omo-gibe Basin, Gilgel Gibe III Watershed, Ethiopia)

Received: 30 November 2019     Accepted: 26 December 2019     Published: 8 January 2020
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Abstract

Impacts of land use/cover change on water resources are the result of complex interactions between diverse site-specific factors and offsite conditions; standardized types of responses will rarely be adequate. The knowledge of how land use/cover change influence watershed hydrology will enable local governments and policy makers to formulate and implement effective and appropriate response strategies to minimize the undesirable effects of future land use/cover change or modifications. In this research SWAT model was used for analyzing the land use and land cover change of the watershed and its impact on reservoir sedimentation. The main objective of the research was to model the hydrological processes that will predict the impact of land use/cover changes on soil erosion and sedimentation in the Omo-gibe basin. In this paper the influence of land use changes on catchment’s sediment yield is observed. The delineated watershed was divided into 62 sub basins and 372 HRUs by the model. Model calibration and validation was done at Abelti station. In addition to this the model efficiency was checked at this station. Based on this values for coefficient of determination (r²), Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and percentage of bias (PBIAS) were found to be in the acceptable range for 1990 and 2010 land use land cover maps in both calibration and validation period. To analyze the impact of land use change on sediment yield different comparison criteria were applied. The first was selecting sub basins having higher sediment yield and found around the main course of the river. The second was selecting and analyzing sub basins having lower sediment yield and the third criterion was based on availability of varied land use classes specially sub basins covered by forest land. While analyzing the impact of land use/cover in all criteria using 1990 and 2010 land use/cover map, it shows an increase in sediment yield. SWAT estimated the sediment yield from the watershed to the reservoir for both 1990 and 2010 land use/cover maps. Therefore 1.1 M tons annual sediment load was entered to the reservoir during 1990 and 1.3 M tons annual sediment load was entered to the reservoir during 2010 land use/cover data. This shows that there is 16.57% increment of sediment yield in 2010 as compared to 1990 land use/cover data.

Published in American Journal of Modern Energy (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11
Page(s) 84-93
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Land Use/Land Cover, Omo-gibe Basin, SWAT, Sedimentation, Calibration, Validation

References
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[2] Arnold, J. G., Williams, J. R., and Maidment, D. R., (1995). Continuous-time water and sediment routing model for large basins.
[3] Arnold, J. G., R. S. Muttiah, R. Srinivasan, and P. M. Allen, (2000). Regional Estimating of Base flow and Groundwater Recharge in the Mississippi River Basin. Journal of Hydrology, 227, 21-40.
[4] Arnold JG, Srinivasan R, Muttiah RR, Williams JR. (1998). Large Area Hydrologic Modeling and Assessment Part I: Model Development. Journal of the American Water Resources Association; 34 (1): 73-89.
[5] Constable, m. (1985). Ethiopian Highland Reclamation Study (EHRS): Summary. EHRS: Addis Ababa.
[6] Cunderlik M., (2003). Hydrologic model selection fort the CFCAS project: Assessment of Water Resources Risk and Vulnerability to Changing Climatic Conditions, Project Report I, 40 pp.
[7] DeCoursey, D. G., (1985). Mathematical models for point sources water pollution control. J. Soil and Water Cons. 44 (2): 568-576.
[8] Daniel Assefa, (2011). Water Use and Operation Analysis of Water Resource Systems in Omo Gibe River Basin, MSc thesis, Arbaminch University.
[9] Dramis, f., umer Mohammed, Calderon, g., mitiKu Haile. (2003). Holocene climatephases from buried soils in Tigray (northern Ethiopia): Comparison with lake level fluctuations in the main Ethiopian Rift. Quaternary Research: pp. 274-283.
[10] EEPCO, Gilgel Gibe III HPP Project (2007) ì RCC- Dam Alternative 3 power house on the left River Bank. Studio Pietrangeli ñ Salini Construction.
[11] Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), (1998). The Soil and Terrain Database for northeastern Africa (CDROM) FAO, Rome.
[12] FAO (2002) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy.
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[16] Hudson, (1995). Soil conservation. 3rd edition. Bats ford, London.
[17] Hurni, h. (1988a). Ecological Issues in the Creation of Famines in Ethiopia. National Conferenceon a Disaster Prevention & Preparedness Strategy of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa.
[18] Hurni, h. (1988b). Principles of soil conservation for cultivated land. Soil Technology. Vol. 1: pp. 101-116.
[19] Hurni, h. (1982). Soil Conservation Research Project, Inception report: 55 p. Bern, Addis Ababa.
[20] Huxman, et al, (2005). Eco hydrological implications of woody plant encroachment. Ecology 86, 308–319.
[21] Lal, r. 1995. Erosion – Crop Productivity Relationships for Soils in Africa. Soil Science Society of America Journal 59 (3): pp. 661-667.
[22] Philips, (1989), Methodology and application of combined watershed and ground water models in Kansas. J. Hydrol. 236 (3-4): 185-201.
[23] Skaggs, R. W., D. M. Amatya, G. M. Chescheir, C. D. Blanton, and J. W. Gilliam. (2006). Effects of drainage and management practices on hydrology of pine plantation. In Proc. Intl. Conf. on Hydrology and Management of Forested Wetlands, St. Joseph, Mich.: ASABE.
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    Tesfaye Hailu Estifanos, Bogale Gebremariam. (2020). Modeling-impact of Land Use/Cover Change on Sediment Yield (Case Study on Omo-gibe Basin, Gilgel Gibe III Watershed, Ethiopia). American Journal of Modern Energy, 5(6), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11

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    Tesfaye Hailu Estifanos; Bogale Gebremariam. Modeling-impact of Land Use/Cover Change on Sediment Yield (Case Study on Omo-gibe Basin, Gilgel Gibe III Watershed, Ethiopia). Am. J. Mod. Energy 2020, 5(6), 84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11

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    AMA Style

    Tesfaye Hailu Estifanos, Bogale Gebremariam. Modeling-impact of Land Use/Cover Change on Sediment Yield (Case Study on Omo-gibe Basin, Gilgel Gibe III Watershed, Ethiopia). Am J Mod Energy. 2020;5(6):84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11,
      author = {Tesfaye Hailu Estifanos and Bogale Gebremariam},
      title = {Modeling-impact of Land Use/Cover Change on Sediment Yield (Case Study on Omo-gibe Basin, Gilgel Gibe III Watershed, Ethiopia)},
      journal = {American Journal of Modern Energy},
      volume = {5},
      number = {6},
      pages = {84-93},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajme.20190506.11},
      abstract = {Impacts of land use/cover change on water resources are the result of complex interactions between diverse site-specific factors and offsite conditions; standardized types of responses will rarely be adequate. The knowledge of how land use/cover change influence watershed hydrology will enable local governments and policy makers to formulate and implement effective and appropriate response strategies to minimize the undesirable effects of future land use/cover change or modifications. In this research SWAT model was used for analyzing the land use and land cover change of the watershed and its impact on reservoir sedimentation. The main objective of the research was to model the hydrological processes that will predict the impact of land use/cover changes on soil erosion and sedimentation in the Omo-gibe basin. In this paper the influence of land use changes on catchment’s sediment yield is observed. The delineated watershed was divided into 62 sub basins and 372 HRUs by the model. Model calibration and validation was done at Abelti station. In addition to this the model efficiency was checked at this station. Based on this values for coefficient of determination (r²), Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and percentage of bias (PBIAS) were found to be in the acceptable range for 1990 and 2010 land use land cover maps in both calibration and validation period. To analyze the impact of land use change on sediment yield different comparison criteria were applied. The first was selecting sub basins having higher sediment yield and found around the main course of the river. The second was selecting and analyzing sub basins having lower sediment yield and the third criterion was based on availability of varied land use classes specially sub basins covered by forest land. While analyzing the impact of land use/cover in all criteria using 1990 and 2010 land use/cover map, it shows an increase in sediment yield. SWAT estimated the sediment yield from the watershed to the reservoir for both 1990 and 2010 land use/cover maps. Therefore 1.1 M tons annual sediment load was entered to the reservoir during 1990 and 1.3 M tons annual sediment load was entered to the reservoir during 2010 land use/cover data. This shows that there is 16.57% increment of sediment yield in 2010 as compared to 1990 land use/cover data.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Modeling-impact of Land Use/Cover Change on Sediment Yield (Case Study on Omo-gibe Basin, Gilgel Gibe III Watershed, Ethiopia)
    AU  - Tesfaye Hailu Estifanos
    AU  - Bogale Gebremariam
    Y1  - 2020/01/08
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11
    T2  - American Journal of Modern Energy
    JF  - American Journal of Modern Energy
    JO  - American Journal of Modern Energy
    SP  - 84
    EP  - 93
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-3797
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajme.20190506.11
    AB  - Impacts of land use/cover change on water resources are the result of complex interactions between diverse site-specific factors and offsite conditions; standardized types of responses will rarely be adequate. The knowledge of how land use/cover change influence watershed hydrology will enable local governments and policy makers to formulate and implement effective and appropriate response strategies to minimize the undesirable effects of future land use/cover change or modifications. In this research SWAT model was used for analyzing the land use and land cover change of the watershed and its impact on reservoir sedimentation. The main objective of the research was to model the hydrological processes that will predict the impact of land use/cover changes on soil erosion and sedimentation in the Omo-gibe basin. In this paper the influence of land use changes on catchment’s sediment yield is observed. The delineated watershed was divided into 62 sub basins and 372 HRUs by the model. Model calibration and validation was done at Abelti station. In addition to this the model efficiency was checked at this station. Based on this values for coefficient of determination (r²), Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and percentage of bias (PBIAS) were found to be in the acceptable range for 1990 and 2010 land use land cover maps in both calibration and validation period. To analyze the impact of land use change on sediment yield different comparison criteria were applied. The first was selecting sub basins having higher sediment yield and found around the main course of the river. The second was selecting and analyzing sub basins having lower sediment yield and the third criterion was based on availability of varied land use classes specially sub basins covered by forest land. While analyzing the impact of land use/cover in all criteria using 1990 and 2010 land use/cover map, it shows an increase in sediment yield. SWAT estimated the sediment yield from the watershed to the reservoir for both 1990 and 2010 land use/cover maps. Therefore 1.1 M tons annual sediment load was entered to the reservoir during 1990 and 1.3 M tons annual sediment load was entered to the reservoir during 2010 land use/cover data. This shows that there is 16.57% increment of sediment yield in 2010 as compared to 1990 land use/cover data.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Natural Resource Management, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

  • Department of Hydraulic and Water Resource Engineering, Arbaminch University, Arbaminch, Ethiopia

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