Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach

Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12

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Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach

Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman

Received: 1 September 2016 Accepted: 14 April 2017 Published: 26 April 2017

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Abstract

The main objective of this study is to show the importance of the Difference in Difference (DiD) method and its applicability in the field of human and social sciences. The DiD method is one of the famous tools in econometrics to investigate the causal effect of the policy before and after treatment or policy. Why difference in difference method is most important in these days? Because the traditional methods requires more instructions as compare to DiD method which is easier and applicable without randomization of the data. The difference is compared with treated and non-treated group in two time’s period model with the same unit of data. The first difference removes the time-invariant factors while Difference in Difference removes the time-variant factors of the model and the remaining statistic shows the original impact of the treatment or policy.

DOI	10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12
Published in	International Journal of Data Science and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2017)
Page(s)	5-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Econometrics, Difference in Difference, Policy

References

[1]	Gertler, P. J., Martinez, S., Premand, P., Rawlings, L. B., and Vermeersch, C. M. J., (2011), Impact evaluation in practice, The World Bank, DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8541-8.
[2]	Lechner, M., (2011), the Estimation of Causal Effects by Difference-in-Difference Methods’’, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen, Discussion Paper, No. 2010-28.
[3]	Abadie, A. (2005), Semiparametric Difference-in-Differences Estimators, Review of Economic Studies, No. 72, pp. 1–19.
[4]	Galiani, S., Gertler, P. and Schargrodsky, E. (2005), Water for Life: The Impact of the Privatization of Water Services on Child Mortality, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 113, No. 1, pp. 83-120.
[5]	Snow, J. (1855), On the Mode of Communication of Cholera, 2nd edition, London.
[6]	Rose, A. M. (1952), Needed Research on the Mediation of Labour Disputes, Personal Psychology, No. 5, pp. 187-200.
[7]	Obenauer, M., Niebburg, B. M., (1915), Effect of Minimum-wage Determinations in Oregon, Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 176. Washington, D. C.
[8]	Simon, J. L. (1966), The Price Elasticity of Liquor in the US and a simple Method of Determination , Econometrica, No. 34, pp. 193-205.
[9]	Peluffo, A. (2010), Trade Liberalization, Productivity, Employment and Wages: A Difference-in-Difference Approach , Instituto de Economía, FCEA, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.
[10]	Mcclure, R. C. and Starr, M. A. (2012), Using difference in differences to estimate damages in healthcare antitrust: A case study of Marshfield Clinic, Working Paper Series, American University, WD.
[11]	Jiménez, J. L. and Perdiguero, J. (2012), Mergers, Difference - In -D Ifference And Concentrated Markets: Why Firms Do Not Increase Prices? University of Barcelona, IREA working paper, No. 201205.
[12]	Matisoff, D. C. (2011), Privatizing Climate Change Policy: is there a public benefit? Working Paper, No. 60, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta.
[13]	Schultz, T. P. (2004), School subsidies for the poor: evaluating the Mexican Progresa poverty program, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 74, pp. 199–250.

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Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman. (2017). Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach. International Journal of Data Science and Analysis, 3(1), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12

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ACS Style

Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman. Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach. Int. J. Data Sci. Anal. 2017, 3(1), 5-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12

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Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman. Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach. Int J Data Sci Anal. 2017;3(1):5-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12,
  author = {Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman},
  title = {Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach},
  journal = {International Journal of Data Science and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {5-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijdsa.20170301.12},
  abstract = {The main objective of this study is to show the importance of the Difference in Difference (DiD) method and its applicability in the field of human and social sciences. The DiD method is one of the famous tools in econometrics to investigate the causal effect of the policy before and after treatment or policy. Why difference in difference method is most important in these days? Because the traditional methods requires more instructions as compare to DiD method which is easier and applicable without randomization of the data. The difference is compared with treated and non-treated group in two time’s period model with the same unit of data. The first difference removes the time-invariant factors while Difference in Difference removes the time-variant factors of the model and the remaining statistic shows the original impact of the treatment or policy.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach
AU  - Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman
Y1  - 2017/04/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12
T2  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
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PB  - Science Publishing Group
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AB  - The main objective of this study is to show the importance of the Difference in Difference (DiD) method and its applicability in the field of human and social sciences. The DiD method is one of the famous tools in econometrics to investigate the causal effect of the policy before and after treatment or policy. Why difference in difference method is most important in these days? Because the traditional methods requires more instructions as compare to DiD method which is easier and applicable without randomization of the data. The difference is compared with treated and non-treated group in two time’s period model with the same unit of data. The first difference removes the time-invariant factors while Difference in Difference removes the time-variant factors of the model and the remaining statistic shows the original impact of the treatment or policy.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman

Gutenberg School of Management and Economics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Lahore Business School, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

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APA Style

Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman. (2017). Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach. International Journal of Data Science and Analysis, 3(1), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12

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ACS Style

Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman. Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach. Int. J. Data Sci. Anal. 2017, 3(1), 5-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12

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AMA Style

Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman. Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach. Int J Data Sci Anal. 2017;3(1):5-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12,
  author = {Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman},
  title = {Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach},
  journal = {International Journal of Data Science and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {5-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijdsa.20170301.12},
  abstract = {The main objective of this study is to show the importance of the Difference in Difference (DiD) method and its applicability in the field of human and social sciences. The DiD method is one of the famous tools in econometrics to investigate the causal effect of the policy before and after treatment or policy. Why difference in difference method is most important in these days? Because the traditional methods requires more instructions as compare to DiD method which is easier and applicable without randomization of the data. The difference is compared with treated and non-treated group in two time’s period model with the same unit of data. The first difference removes the time-invariant factors while Difference in Difference removes the time-variant factors of the model and the remaining statistic shows the original impact of the treatment or policy.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Project Evaluation from Application to Econometric Theory: A Qualitative Explanation of Difference in Difference (DiD) Approach
AU  - Muhammad Ateeq-ur-Rehman
Y1  - 2017/04/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12
T2  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
SP  - 5
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1891
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20170301.12
AB  - The main objective of this study is to show the importance of the Difference in Difference (DiD) method and its applicability in the field of human and social sciences. The DiD method is one of the famous tools in econometrics to investigate the causal effect of the policy before and after treatment or policy. Why difference in difference method is most important in these days? Because the traditional methods requires more instructions as compare to DiD method which is easier and applicable without randomization of the data. The difference is compared with treated and non-treated group in two time’s period model with the same unit of data. The first difference removes the time-invariant factors while Difference in Difference removes the time-variant factors of the model and the remaining statistic shows the original impact of the treatment or policy.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download