Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka; Hassan Amusat Titilayo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

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Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo

Published in International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 2, Issue 5)

Received: 25 August 2017 Accepted: 11 September 2017 Published: 23 October 2017

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Abstract

The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.

Published in	International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
Page(s)	68-78
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Lead, Cadmium, Iron, Heavy metals, Accumulation, Contamination Factor, Battery Waste Dumpsite, Ori-Ile Olodo

References

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Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. (2017). Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2(5), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

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Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka; Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2017, 2(5), 68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

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Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2017;2(5):68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12,
  author = {Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka and Hassan Amusat Titilayo},
  title = {Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {68-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  abstract = {The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria
AU  - Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka
AU  - Hassan Amusat Titilayo
Y1  - 2017/10/23
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 68
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
AB  - The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka

Tissue Culture Section, Biotechnology Unit, National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Hassan Amusat Titilayo

Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

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Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. (2017). Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2(5), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

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Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka; Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2017, 2(5), 68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

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AMA Style

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2017;2(5):68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12,
  author = {Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka and Hassan Amusat Titilayo},
  title = {Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {68-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  abstract = {The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria
AU  - Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka
AU  - Hassan Amusat Titilayo
Y1  - 2017/10/23
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 68
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
AB  - The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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