International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

| Peer-Reviewed |

Clinical Profile of Epistaxis in Sokoto: A 12-Year Analysis

Received: 07 March 2019    Accepted: 25 April 2019    Published: 11 June 2019
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Epistaxis is bleeding from the Nose and Paranasal sinuses and could be a life threatening emergency requiring urgent attention. The aim is to determine the aetiological factors and highlight treatment modalities in a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria. This was a 12-year retrospective study of all patients managed with epistaxis between January 2000 and December 2011in the otorhinolaryngology department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Ninety-five patients were reviewed, out of which 61 [64%] were males and 34 [36%] were females. Age group 20-29 years had the highest prevalence [21.1%]. The commonest aetiology was hypertension in 24.2% of patients followed by idiopathic 21.1%, rhinosinusitis 20%, trauma 14.7%. Anterior nasal packing was the most common method of treatment [49.5%]. Epistaxis is a common Otorhinolaryngological condition. Hypertension was the commonest cause in this study, with most cases seen in patients’ aged 20 – 29years.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15
Published in International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology (Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019)
Page(s) 20-23
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Epistaxis, Hypertension, Anterior Nasal Packing

References
[1] Iseh KR, Muhammed Z. Pattern of epistaxis in Sokoto, Nigeria: A review of 72 cases. Ann Afr Med 2008; 7: 107-11.
[2] McClurg SW, Carrau R. Endoscopic management of posterior epistaxis: a review. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2014; 34(1): 1.
[3] Shargorodsky J, Bleier BS, Holbrook EH, Cohen JM, Busaba N, Metson R, Gray ST. Outcomes analysis in epistaxis management: development of a therapeutic algorithm. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 149(3): 390-8.
[4] Nwaorgu OGB. Epistaxis: An Overview. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine 2004; 1(2): 32-37.
[5] Purkey M, Seeskin Z, Chandra R. Seasonal variation and predictors of epistaxis. Laryngoscope. 2014; 124(9): 2028-2033.
[6] Pallin D, Chng Y, McKay M, Emond J, Pelletier A, Camargo C. Epidemiology of Epistaxis in US Emergency Departments, 1992 to 2001. Ann Emerg Med 2005; 46(1): 77-81.
[7] Fathy H, Ismail R, Mahmoud N, Abdel Wahab M. Recurrent epistaxis in children: When should we suspect coagulopathy? Egypt J Otolaryngol 2014; 30(2): 106.
[8] Kodiya AM, Labaran AS, Musa E, Mohammed GM, Ahmad BM. Epistaxis in Kaduna, Nigeria: A review of 101 cases. Afr Health Sci 2012; 12: 479-82.
[9] Kasperek ZA, Pollock GF. Epistaxis: an overview. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2013; 31(2): 443-54.
[10] Morgan DJ, Kellerman R. Epistaxis: evaluation and treatment. Prim Care: Clinics in Office Practice. 2014; 41(1): 63-73.
[11] Anie MT, Arjun GM, Andrews CJ, Vinayakumar AR. Descriptive epidemiology of epistaxis in a tertiary care hospital. Int J Adv Med 2015; 2: 255-9.
[12] Rezende GL, Granjeiro RC, Furtado PL, Pinheiro GB, Nakanishi M. Is dry climate related with hospitals admissions for epistaxis. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2009; 13(2): 172-7.
[13] Sogebi OA, Oyewole EA, Adebayo OA. Epistaxis in Sagamu. Niger 
J Clin Pract 2010; 13: 32-6.
[14] Parajuli R. Evaluation of Etiology and Treatment Methods for Epistaxis: A Review at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Nepal. Int J Otolaryngol 2015; 2015: 1-5.
[15] Fishpool SJ, Tomkinson A. Patterns of hospital admission with epistaxis for 26, 725 patients over an 18-year period in Wales, UK. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2012; 94(8): 559-62.
[16] Villwock JA, Jones K. Recent trends in epistaxis management in the United States: 2008-2010. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 139(12): 1279-84.
[17] Gabriel OBamidele A. Epistaxis in Ido Ekiti, Nigeria: A 5-year review of causes, treatment and outcome. Sahel Med J 2013; 16(3): 107.
[18] Iqbal H, Bukhari ST, Hassan TU. Frequency of hypertension in the patients presenting with epistaxis in ENT Department, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Available at http://www.pjmhsonline.com last assessed 17th May 2017.
[19] Sarhan NA, Algamal AM. Relationship between epistaxis and hypertension: A cause and effect or coincidence? Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2015; 27(2): 79-84.
[20] Kikidis D, Tsioufis K, Papanikolaou V, Zerva K, Hantzakos A. Is epistaxis associated with arterial hypertension? A systematic review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 271(2): 237-43.
[21] Terakura M, Fujisaki R, Suda T, Sagawa T, Sakamoto T. Relationship between blood pressure and persistent epistaxis at the emergency department: a retrospective study. J Am Soc Hypertens 2012; 6(4): 291-5.
[22] Gilyoma JM, Chalya PL. Etiological profile and treatment outcome of epistaxis at a tertiary care hospital in Northwestern Tanzania: a prospective review of 104 cases. BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord 2011; 11(1): 8.
[23] Eziyi JA, Akinpelu OV, Amusa YB, Eziyi AK. Epistaxis in Nigerians: A 3-year experience. East and Central African Journal of Surgery. 2009; 14(2): 93-8.
[24] Akinpelu O, Amusa Y, Eziyi J, Nwawolo C. A retrospective analysis of aetiology and management of epistaxis in a southwestern Nigerian teaching hospital. West Afr J Med 2009; 28(3).
[25] Arshad M, Ahmed Z, Ali L. Epistaxis: An experience with over 100 cases. Trauma. 2007; 17: 15-60.
[26] Khan A, Iqbal M, Zaman J. Evaluation of aetiology and efficacy of management protocol of epistaxis. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2006; 18(4).
[27] Al Khtoum N, Al Roosan M. Evaluation of conservative measures in the treatment of epistaxis. Khartoum Medical Journal. 2012; 1(1).
Author Information
  • Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Aliyu Daniel, Yikawe Semen Stephen. (2019). Clinical Profile of Epistaxis in Sokoto: A 12-Year Analysis. International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 5(1), 20-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Aliyu Daniel; Yikawe Semen Stephen. Clinical Profile of Epistaxis in Sokoto: A 12-Year Analysis. Int. J. Otorhinolaryngol. 2019, 5(1), 20-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Aliyu Daniel, Yikawe Semen Stephen. Clinical Profile of Epistaxis in Sokoto: A 12-Year Analysis. Int J Otorhinolaryngol. 2019;5(1):20-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15,
      author = {Aliyu Daniel and Yikawe Semen Stephen},
      title = {Clinical Profile of Epistaxis in Sokoto: A 12-Year Analysis},
      journal = {International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {20-23},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijo.20190501.15},
      abstract = {Epistaxis is bleeding from the Nose and Paranasal sinuses and could be a life threatening emergency requiring urgent attention. The aim is to determine the aetiological factors and highlight treatment modalities in a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria. This was a 12-year retrospective study of all patients managed with epistaxis between January 2000 and December 2011in the otorhinolaryngology department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Ninety-five patients were reviewed, out of which 61 [64%] were males and 34 [36%] were females. Age group 20-29 years had the highest prevalence [21.1%]. The commonest aetiology was hypertension in 24.2% of patients followed by idiopathic 21.1%, rhinosinusitis 20%, trauma 14.7%. Anterior nasal packing was the most common method of treatment [49.5%]. Epistaxis is a common Otorhinolaryngological condition. Hypertension was the commonest cause in this study, with most cases seen in patients’ aged 20 – 29years.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Clinical Profile of Epistaxis in Sokoto: A 12-Year Analysis
    AU  - Aliyu Daniel
    AU  - Yikawe Semen Stephen
    Y1  - 2019/06/11
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15
    T2  - International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
    JF  - International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
    JO  - International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
    SP  - 20
    EP  - 23
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2472-2413
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20190501.15
    AB  - Epistaxis is bleeding from the Nose and Paranasal sinuses and could be a life threatening emergency requiring urgent attention. The aim is to determine the aetiological factors and highlight treatment modalities in a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria. This was a 12-year retrospective study of all patients managed with epistaxis between January 2000 and December 2011in the otorhinolaryngology department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Ninety-five patients were reviewed, out of which 61 [64%] were males and 34 [36%] were females. Age group 20-29 years had the highest prevalence [21.1%]. The commonest aetiology was hypertension in 24.2% of patients followed by idiopathic 21.1%, rhinosinusitis 20%, trauma 14.7%. Anterior nasal packing was the most common method of treatment [49.5%]. Epistaxis is a common Otorhinolaryngological condition. Hypertension was the commonest cause in this study, with most cases seen in patients’ aged 20 – 29years.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections