The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance

Irfan Hassan Lone Jr

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12

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The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance

Irfan Hassan Lone Jr

Received: 26 July 2017 Accepted: 16 August 2017 Published: 26 September 2017

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Abstract

The well-known van’t Hoff equation in chemical thermodynamics has been extended by making use of the van’t Hoff isotherm, and the relationship between standard Gibbs energy of reaction △_rG° and the total entropy change △S_tot. The resulting expression and its usefulness in studying the effect of temperature on the equilibria of exothermic and endothermic processes have been discussed in detail. The central role that the total entropy change plays in determining the dependence of equilibrium constant K_eq on temperature T has been emphasized.

DOI	10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12
Published in	American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry (Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2017)
Page(s)	32-34
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Van't Hoff Equation, Entropy, Exothermic, Endothermic, Haber - Bosch Process

References

[1]	Van’t Hoff, J. H. Die Rolle des osmotischen Druckes in der Analogie zwischen Lösungen und Gasen. Z. Physik. Chem. 1887, 1, 481−493.
[2]	Atkins, P. W.; de Paula, J. Elements of Physical Chemistry; 6^th ed.; Oxford University Press: UK, 2013; p 177–179.
[3]	Laidler, K. J.; Meiser, J. H. Physical Chemistry; Benjamin/Cummings, 1982, 62.
[4]	Atkins, P. W.; de Paula, J. Atkins’Physical Chemistry; 10^th ed.; Oxford University Press, 2014, 255-257.
[5]	Levine, I. N. Physical Chemistry; 6^th ed.; McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2009; pp 114-115.
[6]	Silbey, R. J.; Alberty, R. A.; Bavendi, M. G. Physical Chemistry; 4^th ed.; John-Wiley & Sons Inc. 2005,145-148.
[7]	Engel, T; Reid, P. Physical Chemistry; Pearson Education, Inc. 2006, 131–133.
[8]	Castellan, G. W. Physical Chemistry; 3^rd ed.; Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1983; p 203–216.
[9]	Gislason, E. A.; Craig, N. C. Criteria for Spontaneous Processes Derived from the Global Point of View. J. Chem. Educ.2013, 90, 584−590.
[10]	Atkins, P. W. Four Laws That Drive the Universe; Oxford University Press Inc: New York, 2007; pp 81-99.
[11]	Bent, H. A. The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Introduction for Beginners at Any Level. J. Chem. Educ.1962, 39, 491–499.
[12]	Smil V. Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch and the transformation of world food production, 1^st ed. Cambridge, MA; MIT Press, 2004.

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Irfan Hassan Lone Jr. (2017). The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 1(2), 32-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12

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Irfan Hassan Lone Jr. The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2017, 1(2), 32-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12

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AMA Style

Irfan Hassan Lone Jr. The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2017;1(2):32-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12,
  author = {Irfan Hassan Lone Jr},
  title = {The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {32-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20170102.12},
  abstract = {The well-known van’t Hoff equation in chemical thermodynamics has been extended by making use of the van’t Hoff isotherm, and the relationship between standard Gibbs energy of reaction △rG° and the total entropy change △Stot. The resulting expression and its usefulness in studying the effect of temperature on the equilibria of exothermic and endothermic processes have been discussed in detail. The central role that the total entropy change plays in determining the dependence of equilibrium constant Keq on temperature T has been emphasized.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance
AU  - Irfan Hassan Lone Jr
Y1  - 2017/09/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
SP  - 32
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7294
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12
AB  - The well-known van’t Hoff equation in chemical thermodynamics has been extended by making use of the van’t Hoff isotherm, and the relationship between standard Gibbs energy of reaction △rG° and the total entropy change △Stot. The resulting expression and its usefulness in studying the effect of temperature on the equilibria of exothermic and endothermic processes have been discussed in detail. The central role that the total entropy change plays in determining the dependence of equilibrium constant Keq on temperature T has been emphasized.
VL  - 1
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Author Information

Irfan Hassan Lone Jr

Department of Chemistry, Government Degree College Kupwara, Srinagar, India

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APA Style

Irfan Hassan Lone Jr. (2017). The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 1(2), 32-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12

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ACS Style

Irfan Hassan Lone Jr. The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2017, 1(2), 32-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12

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AMA Style

Irfan Hassan Lone Jr. The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2017;1(2):32-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12,
  author = {Irfan Hassan Lone Jr},
  title = {The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {32-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20170102.12},
  abstract = {The well-known van’t Hoff equation in chemical thermodynamics has been extended by making use of the van’t Hoff isotherm, and the relationship between standard Gibbs energy of reaction △rG° and the total entropy change △Stot. The resulting expression and its usefulness in studying the effect of temperature on the equilibria of exothermic and endothermic processes have been discussed in detail. The central role that the total entropy change plays in determining the dependence of equilibrium constant Keq on temperature T has been emphasized.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Extended Van’t Hoff Equation & Its Significance
AU  - Irfan Hassan Lone Jr
Y1  - 2017/09/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
SP  - 32
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7294
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20170102.12
AB  - The well-known van’t Hoff equation in chemical thermodynamics has been extended by making use of the van’t Hoff isotherm, and the relationship between standard Gibbs energy of reaction △rG° and the total entropy change △Stot. The resulting expression and its usefulness in studying the effect of temperature on the equilibria of exothermic and endothermic processes have been discussed in detail. The central role that the total entropy change plays in determining the dependence of equilibrium constant Keq on temperature T has been emphasized.
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
ER  -

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