Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology

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Antimicrobials Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Three Bathing Waters in Southern Côte d'Ivoire

Received: 02 October 2019    Accepted: 21 October 2019    Published: 25 October 2019
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Abstract

Waters used for recreational activities in order to ensure the health of populations who practice their recreational activity. Disease or infection risk associated with recreational water areas is mainly related either to faecal contamination or to domestic or hospital effluents. The present study aimed assessment of microbiological contamination of surface waters (rivers and lake) of three cities in southern Côte d’Ivoire used for recreational activities, by bacteria generally found in humans and animal’s digestive tract, and then assesses their resistance to commonly antimicrobial drugs used in human therapy. Water samples have been taken from different identified sites over a 13-months period. A microbiological analysis based on numbering of germs was performed then isolated strains were assayed for antibiotic sensitivity tests. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results have shown the presence of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis in waters analysed. E. coli, a faecal contamination marker, was present in all the analysed waters with levels higher than standards defined by the 2006/7 /EC European Directive for bathing water, making them unsuitable for swimming. E. coli strains showed high levels of resistance to amoxicillin, ticarcillin, nalidixic acid and cotrimoxazole. Moreover, a beta-lactamase producing strain was isolated, suggesting probability of contamination by hospital or domestic effluents. The results of this study show the importance of microbiological monitoring of surface.

DOI 10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12
Published in Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology (Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019)
Page(s) 92-99
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antimicrobial Resistance, Bathing Waters, Faecal Contamination, Côte d’Ivoire

References
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Author Information
  • Laboratory of Water and Food Analysis, National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire; Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Félix Houphou?t-Boigny University, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire

  • Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Félix Houphou?t-Boigny University, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire; Center for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS, University Hospital Center of Treichville, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire

  • Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Félix Houphou?t-Boigny University, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire; Center for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS, University Hospital Center of Treichville, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire

  • Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Félix Houphou?t-Boigny University, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire; Laboratory of Microbiology, National Laboratory of Public Health, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire

  • Laboratory of Water and Food Analysis, National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire

  • Laboratory of Water and Food Analysis, National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire; Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Félix Houphou?t-Boigny University, Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Thérèse Kouassi-Agbessi, Timothée Ouassa, Anderson Richmond Djatchi, Yessé Nanga Zinzendorf, Aubin Tchapé Gbagbo, et al. (2019). Antimicrobials Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Three Bathing Waters in Southern Côte d'Ivoire. Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 5(4), 92-99. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12

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    ACS Style

    Thérèse Kouassi-Agbessi; Timothée Ouassa; Anderson Richmond Djatchi; Yessé Nanga Zinzendorf; Aubin Tchapé Gbagbo, et al. Antimicrobials Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Three Bathing Waters in Southern Côte d'Ivoire. Front. Environ. Microbiol. 2019, 5(4), 92-99. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12

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    AMA Style

    Thérèse Kouassi-Agbessi, Timothée Ouassa, Anderson Richmond Djatchi, Yessé Nanga Zinzendorf, Aubin Tchapé Gbagbo, et al. Antimicrobials Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Three Bathing Waters in Southern Côte d'Ivoire. Front Environ Microbiol. 2019;5(4):92-99. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12,
      author = {Thérèse Kouassi-Agbessi and Timothée Ouassa and Anderson Richmond Djatchi and Yessé Nanga Zinzendorf and Aubin Tchapé Gbagbo and Christophe N’cho Amin},
      title = {Antimicrobials Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Three Bathing Waters in Southern Côte d'Ivoire},
      journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology},
      volume = {5},
      number = {4},
      pages = {92-99},
      doi = {10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.fem.20190504.12},
      abstract = {Waters used for recreational activities in order to ensure the health of populations who practice their recreational activity. Disease or infection risk associated with recreational water areas is mainly related either to faecal contamination or to domestic or hospital effluents. The present study aimed assessment of microbiological contamination of surface waters (rivers and lake) of three cities in southern Côte d’Ivoire used for recreational activities, by bacteria generally found in humans and animal’s digestive tract, and then assesses their resistance to commonly antimicrobial drugs used in human therapy. Water samples have been taken from different identified sites over a 13-months period. A microbiological analysis based on numbering of germs was performed then isolated strains were assayed for antibiotic sensitivity tests. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results have shown the presence of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis in waters analysed. E. coli, a faecal contamination marker, was present in all the analysed waters with levels higher than standards defined by the 2006/7 /EC European Directive for bathing water, making them unsuitable for swimming. E. coli strains showed high levels of resistance to amoxicillin, ticarcillin, nalidixic acid and cotrimoxazole. Moreover, a beta-lactamase producing strain was isolated, suggesting probability of contamination by hospital or domestic effluents. The results of this study show the importance of microbiological monitoring of surface.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Antimicrobials Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Three Bathing Waters in Southern Côte d'Ivoire
    AU  - Thérèse Kouassi-Agbessi
    AU  - Timothée Ouassa
    AU  - Anderson Richmond Djatchi
    AU  - Yessé Nanga Zinzendorf
    AU  - Aubin Tchapé Gbagbo
    AU  - Christophe N’cho Amin
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    T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
    JF  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
    JO  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190504.12
    AB  - Waters used for recreational activities in order to ensure the health of populations who practice their recreational activity. Disease or infection risk associated with recreational water areas is mainly related either to faecal contamination or to domestic or hospital effluents. The present study aimed assessment of microbiological contamination of surface waters (rivers and lake) of three cities in southern Côte d’Ivoire used for recreational activities, by bacteria generally found in humans and animal’s digestive tract, and then assesses their resistance to commonly antimicrobial drugs used in human therapy. Water samples have been taken from different identified sites over a 13-months period. A microbiological analysis based on numbering of germs was performed then isolated strains were assayed for antibiotic sensitivity tests. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results have shown the presence of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis in waters analysed. E. coli, a faecal contamination marker, was present in all the analysed waters with levels higher than standards defined by the 2006/7 /EC European Directive for bathing water, making them unsuitable for swimming. E. coli strains showed high levels of resistance to amoxicillin, ticarcillin, nalidixic acid and cotrimoxazole. Moreover, a beta-lactamase producing strain was isolated, suggesting probability of contamination by hospital or domestic effluents. The results of this study show the importance of microbiological monitoring of surface.
    VL  - 5
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