River water is a major source of water for household use in most rural communities in Nigeria. River pollution refers to the contaminations of rivers which occur when waste and different other pollutants are discharged into river without being properly treated. Studies on river water pollution and their implication to public health has been ongoing. An assessment of the seasonal changes in microbial density and diversity of Ikpoba River in Benin City, Nigeria was carried out between the months of January to March and May to July 2017 for the dry and wet seasons. Standard microbiological procedures were used for the study. Results showed that the density of the microbial isolates was highest during the dry season. There is significant difference (P>0.05) in the heterotrophic microbial counts in both seasons. The discharge point, upstream and downstream bacterial counts for dry season ranged from 1.5±0.00 x 104cfu/ml to 4.0±0.23 x 106cfu/ml whereas the wet season samples had lower counts ranging from 2.0±0.05 x 103cfu/ml to 4.0±0.21 x 104cfu/ml. Similarly, the fungi counts for the dry season ranged from 6.0±0.01 x 102cfu/ml to 1.4±0.53 x 106cfu/ml while for the wet season it ranged from 5.0±0.00 x 102cfu/ml to 9.0±0.32 x 104cfu/ml. The highest counts were at the point of discharge while the lowest counts were recorded for the upstream samples. The diversity of the microbial species was more in the wet season than in the dry season. The bacteria isolated during the dry season were Salmonella sp, E. coli, and Vibrio sp. In the wet season the isolates included E. coli, Salmonella sp, Vibrio sp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus faecalis. The wet season fungi isolates were Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, species of Penicillium and Rhizopus while the dry season isolates included Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and species of Penicillium. The microbial density is higher in the dry season and lower in the wet season while there are more microbial diversities in the wet season than in the dry season.
| Published in | International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 3, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12 |
| Page(s) | 36-43 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Microbial Density and Diversity, Coliforms, River Water, Pollution
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APA Style
Akpe Azuka Romanus, Okwu Grace Ifeoma, Umanu Goddey, Femi Imah Justus. (2018). Seasonal Changes in Microbial Density and Diversity of Ikpoba River Water Samples in Benin City Nigeria. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 3(2), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12
ACS Style
Akpe Azuka Romanus; Okwu Grace Ifeoma; Umanu Goddey; Femi Imah Justus. Seasonal Changes in Microbial Density and Diversity of Ikpoba River Water Samples in Benin City Nigeria. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2018, 3(2), 36-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12
AMA Style
Akpe Azuka Romanus, Okwu Grace Ifeoma, Umanu Goddey, Femi Imah Justus. Seasonal Changes in Microbial Density and Diversity of Ikpoba River Water Samples in Benin City Nigeria. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018;3(2):36-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12,
author = {Akpe Azuka Romanus and Okwu Grace Ifeoma and Umanu Goddey and Femi Imah Justus},
title = {Seasonal Changes in Microbial Density and Diversity of Ikpoba River Water Samples in Benin City Nigeria},
journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
volume = {3},
number = {2},
pages = {36-43},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20180302.12},
abstract = {River water is a major source of water for household use in most rural communities in Nigeria. River pollution refers to the contaminations of rivers which occur when waste and different other pollutants are discharged into river without being properly treated. Studies on river water pollution and their implication to public health has been ongoing. An assessment of the seasonal changes in microbial density and diversity of Ikpoba River in Benin City, Nigeria was carried out between the months of January to March and May to July 2017 for the dry and wet seasons. Standard microbiological procedures were used for the study. Results showed that the density of the microbial isolates was highest during the dry season. There is significant difference (P>0.05) in the heterotrophic microbial counts in both seasons. The discharge point, upstream and downstream bacterial counts for dry season ranged from 1.5±0.00 x 104cfu/ml to 4.0±0.23 x 106cfu/ml whereas the wet season samples had lower counts ranging from 2.0±0.05 x 103cfu/ml to 4.0±0.21 x 104cfu/ml. Similarly, the fungi counts for the dry season ranged from 6.0±0.01 x 102cfu/ml to 1.4±0.53 x 106cfu/ml while for the wet season it ranged from 5.0±0.00 x 102cfu/ml to 9.0±0.32 x 104cfu/ml. The highest counts were at the point of discharge while the lowest counts were recorded for the upstream samples. The diversity of the microbial species was more in the wet season than in the dry season. The bacteria isolated during the dry season were Salmonella sp, E. coli, and Vibrio sp. In the wet season the isolates included E. coli, Salmonella sp, Vibrio sp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus faecalis. The wet season fungi isolates were Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, species of Penicillium and Rhizopus while the dry season isolates included Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and species of Penicillium. The microbial density is higher in the dry season and lower in the wet season while there are more microbial diversities in the wet season than in the dry season.},
year = {2018}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal Changes in Microbial Density and Diversity of Ikpoba River Water Samples in Benin City Nigeria AU - Akpe Azuka Romanus AU - Okwu Grace Ifeoma AU - Umanu Goddey AU - Femi Imah Justus Y1 - 2018/05/17 PY - 2018 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12 T2 - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology JF - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology JO - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology SP - 36 EP - 43 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-9686 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180302.12 AB - River water is a major source of water for household use in most rural communities in Nigeria. River pollution refers to the contaminations of rivers which occur when waste and different other pollutants are discharged into river without being properly treated. Studies on river water pollution and their implication to public health has been ongoing. An assessment of the seasonal changes in microbial density and diversity of Ikpoba River in Benin City, Nigeria was carried out between the months of January to March and May to July 2017 for the dry and wet seasons. Standard microbiological procedures were used for the study. Results showed that the density of the microbial isolates was highest during the dry season. There is significant difference (P>0.05) in the heterotrophic microbial counts in both seasons. The discharge point, upstream and downstream bacterial counts for dry season ranged from 1.5±0.00 x 104cfu/ml to 4.0±0.23 x 106cfu/ml whereas the wet season samples had lower counts ranging from 2.0±0.05 x 103cfu/ml to 4.0±0.21 x 104cfu/ml. Similarly, the fungi counts for the dry season ranged from 6.0±0.01 x 102cfu/ml to 1.4±0.53 x 106cfu/ml while for the wet season it ranged from 5.0±0.00 x 102cfu/ml to 9.0±0.32 x 104cfu/ml. The highest counts were at the point of discharge while the lowest counts were recorded for the upstream samples. The diversity of the microbial species was more in the wet season than in the dry season. The bacteria isolated during the dry season were Salmonella sp, E. coli, and Vibrio sp. In the wet season the isolates included E. coli, Salmonella sp, Vibrio sp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus faecalis. The wet season fungi isolates were Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, species of Penicillium and Rhizopus while the dry season isolates included Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and species of Penicillium. The microbial density is higher in the dry season and lower in the wet season while there are more microbial diversities in the wet season than in the dry season. VL - 3 IS - 2 ER -
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