The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s <i>Brave World</i>

Saffeen Nueman Arif

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13

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The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World

Saffeen Nueman Arif

Published in International Journal of Literature and Arts (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 3 April 2016 Accepted: 13 May 2016 Published: 26 May 2016

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Abstract

The paper aims at exploring Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932), precisely, his criticism of the civilized rules by which the World State citizens must abide. Those rules are, characteristically, at odds with the normal human ways of life that the writer textually describes as "savage." The paper intends to examine the two concepts of civilization and savageness as far as Huxley's utopian "brave" world is concerned. Moreover, it tries to underscore, by means of juxtaposing the discussion of the two worlds representing each of the two concepts throughout the second and the third sections of the paper, the irony underlying their new inverted meanings.

Published in	International Journal of Literature and Arts (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13
Page(s)	38-43
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Civilization, Oppression, Rights, Individual, Ideal, Savage

References

[1]	David Galens, Literary Movements for Students (Thomson Learning, Inc., 2002), p. 276.
[2]	Martin Coyle, et. al, eds., Encyclopedia of Literature and Criticism (Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003), p. 459.
[3]	Harold Bloom, ed. Bloom’s Guides: Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2004), p. 7.
[4]	Ibid, p. 14.
[5]	Ibid, pp. 13-14.
[6]	S. P. B. Mais, A Chronicle of English Literature (London, Toronto: William Heineman Ltd., 1936), p. 330.
[7]	Ronald T Sion, Aldous Huxley and the Search for Meaning: A Study of the Eleven Novels (North Carolina: McFarland & 8ompany, Inc., Publishers, 2010), p. 127.
[8]	Shakti Batra, Brave New World: A Critical Study (Surjeet Publications, 2008), pp. 30-31.
[9]	Ibid, p. 19.
[10]	Bloom, p. 10.
[11]	Quoted in ibid, p. 13.
[12]	Batra, p. 50.
[13]	Ibid, p. 10.
[14]	Robert Stanton, An Introduction to Fiction (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1965), p. 64.
[15]	Arnold Kettle, An Introduction to the English Novel, II (London: Hutchinson University Press, 1967), p. 151.
[16]	Bloom, p. 12.
[17]	Batra, pp. 18-19.
[18]	Galens, p. 274.
[19]	Ian Milligan, The English Novel (Longman: York Press, 1984), p. 89.
[20]	Batra, p. 19.
[21]	Galens, p. 274.
[22]	Batra, p. 32.
[23]	Ibid, pp. 32-33.
[24]	Ibid, p. 50.
[25]	Ibid, p. 48.
[26]	Raychel Haugrud Reipp, Aldous Huxley: Brave New World (New York: Marshal Cavendish Benchmark, 2010), p. 67.
[27]	John Attrian, "Brave New World and the Flight from God" in Bloom, Harold, ed., Bloom's Modern Critical Views: Aldous Huxley (New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003), p. 9.
[28]	Reipp, p. 63.
[29]	Ibid, p. 61.
[30]	Batra, p. 31.
[31]	Ibid, p. 33.
[32]	Ibid, p. 72.
[33]	Ibid, p. 69.
[34]	Bloom, p. 8.
[35]	Chris Baldick, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 2001), pp. 204-204.
[36]	Batra, p. 33.
[37]	Sion, P. 129.
[38]	Batra, pp. 86 & 91.
[39]	Ibid, p. 54.
[40]	Ibid, pp. 51-52.
[41]	Ibid, pp. 63-67.
[42]	Ibid, p. 85.
[43]	Ibid, pp. 57-58.
[44]	Batra, p. 66.
[45]	Ibid, p. 63.
[46]	Ibid, pp. 60 & 62.
[47]	Ibid, p. 81.
[48]	Sion, p. 127.
[49]	Batra, p. 102.
[50]	Sion, p. 130.
[51]	Ibid, p. 136.

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Saffeen Nueman Arif. (2016). The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World. International Journal of Literature and Arts, 4(3), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13

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Saffeen Nueman Arif. The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World. Int. J. Lit. Arts 2016, 4(3), 38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13

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Saffeen Nueman Arif. The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World. Int J Lit Arts. 2016;4(3):38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13,
  author = {Saffeen Nueman Arif},
  title = {The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World},
  journal = {International Journal of Literature and Arts},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {38-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijla.20160403.13},
  abstract = {The paper aims at exploring Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932), precisely, his criticism of the civilized rules by which the World State citizens must abide. Those rules are, characteristically, at odds with the normal human ways of life that the writer textually describes as "savage." The paper intends to examine the two concepts of civilization and savageness as far as Huxley's utopian "brave" world is concerned. Moreover, it tries to underscore, by means of juxtaposing the discussion of the two worlds representing each of the two concepts throughout the second and the third sections of the paper, the irony underlying their new inverted meanings.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World
AU  - Saffeen Nueman Arif
Y1  - 2016/05/26
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13
T2  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JF  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JO  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
SP  - 38
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-057X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13
AB  - The paper aims at exploring Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932), precisely, his criticism of the civilized rules by which the World State citizens must abide. Those rules are, characteristically, at odds with the normal human ways of life that the writer textually describes as "savage." The paper intends to examine the two concepts of civilization and savageness as far as Huxley's utopian "brave" world is concerned. Moreover, it tries to underscore, by means of juxtaposing the discussion of the two worlds representing each of the two concepts throughout the second and the third sections of the paper, the irony underlying their new inverted meanings.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Saffeen Nueman Arif

Department of English, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Koya University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

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Saffeen Nueman Arif. (2016). The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World. International Journal of Literature and Arts, 4(3), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13

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Saffeen Nueman Arif. The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World. Int. J. Lit. Arts 2016, 4(3), 38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13

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AMA Style

Saffeen Nueman Arif. The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World. Int J Lit Arts. 2016;4(3):38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13,
  author = {Saffeen Nueman Arif},
  title = {The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World},
  journal = {International Journal of Literature and Arts},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {38-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijla.20160403.13},
  abstract = {The paper aims at exploring Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932), precisely, his criticism of the civilized rules by which the World State citizens must abide. Those rules are, characteristically, at odds with the normal human ways of life that the writer textually describes as "savage." The paper intends to examine the two concepts of civilization and savageness as far as Huxley's utopian "brave" world is concerned. Moreover, it tries to underscore, by means of juxtaposing the discussion of the two worlds representing each of the two concepts throughout the second and the third sections of the paper, the irony underlying their new inverted meanings.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Civilization of Aldous Huxley’s Brave World
AU  - Saffeen Nueman Arif
Y1  - 2016/05/26
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13
T2  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JF  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JO  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
SP  - 38
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-057X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20160403.13
AB  - The paper aims at exploring Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932), precisely, his criticism of the civilized rules by which the World State citizens must abide. Those rules are, characteristically, at odds with the normal human ways of life that the writer textually describes as "savage." The paper intends to examine the two concepts of civilization and savageness as far as Huxley's utopian "brave" world is concerned. Moreover, it tries to underscore, by means of juxtaposing the discussion of the two worlds representing each of the two concepts throughout the second and the third sections of the paper, the irony underlying their new inverted meanings.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download