Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil

Assefa Takele Getaneh; Fekadu Fufa; Abubekir J. Hussen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11

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Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil

Assefa Takele Getaneh, Fekadu Fufa, Abubekir J. Hussen

Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 17 October 2020 Accepted: 29 October 2020 Published: 9 November 2020

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Abstract

The strength of the road subgrade for, which mostly causes significant damage to structures such as buildings, roads and bridges due to their swell-shrink effect. In the area of expansive soil and scarcity of suitable construction materials, upgrading the locally available materials is one of best alternative ways. Soil stabilization by adding additives is one of the methods of upgrading substandard materials. Therefore this study assessed the suitability of gypsum and crushed waste brick mix for stabilization of expansive soil to use as a road subgrade preparation. Expansive soil sample was collected from Ilubabora zone and was investigated. Accordingly, expansive soil was stabilized with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum material proportion of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% respectively by weight of the total mix and laboratory tests such as Moisture Content, Grain size distribution, Atterberg Limit, Free Swell, Free Swell Index, Free Swell Ratio, Specific Gravity, Compaction, CBR and CBR-Swell are carried out to assess the alteration in its strength characteristics and index properties. The subgrade material quality improved from A-7-5 to A-2-4 at combination 30% of crushed waste brick and 6% of gypsum with expansive soil. By the addition of stabilizer material to expansive soil the least plasticity index value obtained was 9.030 % and the CBR increased to 10.686% from initial CBR value at the percentage of 30% brick and 6% gypsum. The OMC and MDD was increased to 29.200% and 1.480g/cm³ respectively and the free swell, free swell index, free swell ratio was decreased to 18%, 16.830%, 1.168 respectively and CBR-Swell decreased to 1.370%, from the initial untreated soil test at percentage of 40% crushed waste brick and 8% gypsum mix with expansive soil. Treating expansive soil with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum respond and exhibited an improvement on its engineering properties including reduction in plasticity, increased strength and compaction characteristics.

Published in	International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11
Page(s)	111-117
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Crushed Waste Brick, Expansive Soil, Gypsum, Stabilization

References

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[2]	Ehitabezahu Negussie, Abebe Dinku. Investigation on the Effects of Combining Lime and Sodium Silicate for Expansive Subgrade Stabilization. Adis Abeba. 2014.
[3]	James, Lakshmi, Pandian. Strength and Index Properties of Phosphogypsum Stabilized Expansive Soil. International Journal of Applied Environmental Sciences. 2014.
[4]	Iytton. Concept of pavement performance prediction and modeling. Texas,second pavement manegment conference. 1987.
[5]	Kumar, Agrawal, Dobriyal. Stabilization of Soil using Demolished Brick Waste. Innovations and Advances in Civil EngineeringTowards Green and Sustainable Systems. 2018.
[6]	ERA. Site investigation manual: Ethiopian Road Authority, Addis Ababa. 2013.
[7]	Murthy, et al. Chemical Stabilization of Sub-Grade Soil with Gypsum and Nacl. International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology. 2016.
[8]	Tiwari, Hringi, Chaudhary. Review on stabilization of black cotton soil by brick dust & lime. International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering. 2018, 7.
[9]	Ethiopian Roads Authority. “Pavement Design Manual,”. Addis Ababa. 2002.
[10]	Bowles, J. “Engineering properties of soil and their measurements,” McGraw-Hill Boston, 1992.
[11]	Whitlow, R. Basic Soil Mechanics,”3rd ed. Edinburgh Gate. 1995.
[12]	Amer, Ali Al-Rawas, Matheus, F A. Expansive Soils recent advances in characterization and treatment: Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK. 2006.
[13]	Zhang. Production of bricks from waste materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2013.
[14]	Murthy, N, et al. Chemical stabilization of sub-grade soil with Gypsum and NaCl. India: International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology. 2016.
[15]	Dr. Arora, R K. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. [book auth.] Arora. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. A. k. Jain. 2003.
[16]	Bowles, G E. Engineering properties of Soil and their Measurement. McGraw Hill Book Company. U.S. America. 1978.

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APA Style

Assefa Takele Getaneh, Fekadu Fufa, Abubekir J. Hussen. (2020). Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 6(4), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11

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ACS Style

Assefa Takele Getaneh; Fekadu Fufa; Abubekir J. Hussen. Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2020, 6(4), 111-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11

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AMA Style

Assefa Takele Getaneh, Fekadu Fufa, Abubekir J. Hussen. Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2020;6(4):111-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11,
  author = {Assefa Takele Getaneh and Fekadu Fufa and Abubekir J. Hussen},
  title = {Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {111-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20200604.11},
  abstract = {The strength of the road subgrade for, which mostly causes significant damage to structures such as buildings, roads and bridges due to their swell-shrink effect. In the area of expansive soil and scarcity of suitable construction materials, upgrading the locally available materials is one of best alternative ways. Soil stabilization by adding additives is one of the methods of upgrading substandard materials. Therefore this study assessed the suitability of gypsum and crushed waste brick mix for stabilization of expansive soil to use as a road subgrade preparation. Expansive soil sample was collected from Ilubabora zone and was investigated. Accordingly, expansive soil was stabilized with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum material proportion of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% respectively by weight of the total mix and laboratory tests such as Moisture Content, Grain size distribution, Atterberg Limit, Free Swell, Free Swell Index, Free Swell Ratio, Specific Gravity, Compaction, CBR and CBR-Swell are carried out to assess the alteration in its strength characteristics and index properties. The subgrade material quality improved from A-7-5 to A-2-4 at combination 30% of crushed waste brick and 6% of gypsum with expansive soil. By the addition of stabilizer material to expansive soil the least plasticity index value obtained was 9.030 % and the CBR increased to 10.686% from initial CBR value at the percentage of 30% brick and 6% gypsum. The OMC and MDD was increased to 29.200% and 1.480g/cm3 respectively and the free swell, free swell index, free swell ratio was decreased to 18%, 16.830%, 1.168 respectively and CBR-Swell decreased to 1.370%, from the initial untreated soil test at percentage of 40% crushed waste brick and 8% gypsum mix with expansive soil. Treating expansive soil with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum respond and exhibited an improvement on its engineering properties including reduction in plasticity, increased strength and compaction characteristics.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil
AU  - Assefa Takele Getaneh
AU  - Fekadu Fufa
AU  - Abubekir J. Hussen
Y1  - 2020/11/09
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 111
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11
AB  - The strength of the road subgrade for, which mostly causes significant damage to structures such as buildings, roads and bridges due to their swell-shrink effect. In the area of expansive soil and scarcity of suitable construction materials, upgrading the locally available materials is one of best alternative ways. Soil stabilization by adding additives is one of the methods of upgrading substandard materials. Therefore this study assessed the suitability of gypsum and crushed waste brick mix for stabilization of expansive soil to use as a road subgrade preparation. Expansive soil sample was collected from Ilubabora zone and was investigated. Accordingly, expansive soil was stabilized with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum material proportion of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% respectively by weight of the total mix and laboratory tests such as Moisture Content, Grain size distribution, Atterberg Limit, Free Swell, Free Swell Index, Free Swell Ratio, Specific Gravity, Compaction, CBR and CBR-Swell are carried out to assess the alteration in its strength characteristics and index properties. The subgrade material quality improved from A-7-5 to A-2-4 at combination 30% of crushed waste brick and 6% of gypsum with expansive soil. By the addition of stabilizer material to expansive soil the least plasticity index value obtained was 9.030 % and the CBR increased to 10.686% from initial CBR value at the percentage of 30% brick and 6% gypsum. The OMC and MDD was increased to 29.200% and 1.480g/cm3 respectively and the free swell, free swell index, free swell ratio was decreased to 18%, 16.830%, 1.168 respectively and CBR-Swell decreased to 1.370%, from the initial untreated soil test at percentage of 40% crushed waste brick and 8% gypsum mix with expansive soil. Treating expansive soil with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum respond and exhibited an improvement on its engineering properties including reduction in plasticity, increased strength and compaction characteristics.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Assefa Takele Getaneh

Lecturer in Civil Engineering Department, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
Fekadu Fufa

Currently works at Water Supply and Environmental Engineering Chair, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Abubekir J. Hussen

Currently works at Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Highway Engineering Chair, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Assefa Takele Getaneh, Fekadu Fufa, Abubekir J. Hussen. (2020). Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 6(4), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11

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ACS Style

Assefa Takele Getaneh; Fekadu Fufa; Abubekir J. Hussen. Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2020, 6(4), 111-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11

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AMA Style

Assefa Takele Getaneh, Fekadu Fufa, Abubekir J. Hussen. Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2020;6(4):111-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11,
  author = {Assefa Takele Getaneh and Fekadu Fufa and Abubekir J. Hussen},
  title = {Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {111-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20200604.11},
  abstract = {The strength of the road subgrade for, which mostly causes significant damage to structures such as buildings, roads and bridges due to their swell-shrink effect. In the area of expansive soil and scarcity of suitable construction materials, upgrading the locally available materials is one of best alternative ways. Soil stabilization by adding additives is one of the methods of upgrading substandard materials. Therefore this study assessed the suitability of gypsum and crushed waste brick mix for stabilization of expansive soil to use as a road subgrade preparation. Expansive soil sample was collected from Ilubabora zone and was investigated. Accordingly, expansive soil was stabilized with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum material proportion of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% respectively by weight of the total mix and laboratory tests such as Moisture Content, Grain size distribution, Atterberg Limit, Free Swell, Free Swell Index, Free Swell Ratio, Specific Gravity, Compaction, CBR and CBR-Swell are carried out to assess the alteration in its strength characteristics and index properties. The subgrade material quality improved from A-7-5 to A-2-4 at combination 30% of crushed waste brick and 6% of gypsum with expansive soil. By the addition of stabilizer material to expansive soil the least plasticity index value obtained was 9.030 % and the CBR increased to 10.686% from initial CBR value at the percentage of 30% brick and 6% gypsum. The OMC and MDD was increased to 29.200% and 1.480g/cm3 respectively and the free swell, free swell index, free swell ratio was decreased to 18%, 16.830%, 1.168 respectively and CBR-Swell decreased to 1.370%, from the initial untreated soil test at percentage of 40% crushed waste brick and 8% gypsum mix with expansive soil. Treating expansive soil with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum respond and exhibited an improvement on its engineering properties including reduction in plasticity, increased strength and compaction characteristics.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Suitability of Gypsum and Crushed Waste Brick Mix for Stabilization of Weak Subgrade Soil
AU  - Assefa Takele Getaneh
AU  - Fekadu Fufa
AU  - Abubekir J. Hussen
Y1  - 2020/11/09
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 111
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200604.11
AB  - The strength of the road subgrade for, which mostly causes significant damage to structures such as buildings, roads and bridges due to their swell-shrink effect. In the area of expansive soil and scarcity of suitable construction materials, upgrading the locally available materials is one of best alternative ways. Soil stabilization by adding additives is one of the methods of upgrading substandard materials. Therefore this study assessed the suitability of gypsum and crushed waste brick mix for stabilization of expansive soil to use as a road subgrade preparation. Expansive soil sample was collected from Ilubabora zone and was investigated. Accordingly, expansive soil was stabilized with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum material proportion of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% respectively by weight of the total mix and laboratory tests such as Moisture Content, Grain size distribution, Atterberg Limit, Free Swell, Free Swell Index, Free Swell Ratio, Specific Gravity, Compaction, CBR and CBR-Swell are carried out to assess the alteration in its strength characteristics and index properties. The subgrade material quality improved from A-7-5 to A-2-4 at combination 30% of crushed waste brick and 6% of gypsum with expansive soil. By the addition of stabilizer material to expansive soil the least plasticity index value obtained was 9.030 % and the CBR increased to 10.686% from initial CBR value at the percentage of 30% brick and 6% gypsum. The OMC and MDD was increased to 29.200% and 1.480g/cm3 respectively and the free swell, free swell index, free swell ratio was decreased to 18%, 16.830%, 1.168 respectively and CBR-Swell decreased to 1.370%, from the initial untreated soil test at percentage of 40% crushed waste brick and 8% gypsum mix with expansive soil. Treating expansive soil with the mix of crushed waste brick and gypsum respond and exhibited an improvement on its engineering properties including reduction in plasticity, increased strength and compaction characteristics.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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