Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Udoh Felix Evans; Gideon Umoh; Nsikan Okon James; Owoidighe Hilary

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13

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Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Udoh Felix Evans, Gideon Umoh, Nsikan Okon James, Owoidighe Hilary

Received: 3 December 2018 Accepted: 20 January 2019 Published: 28 February 2019

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Abstract

In order to drive sustainable human development for the optimization of productivity and economic growth as well as clean environment, the study on alternative energy sources (AES) suitable for exploitation was carried out in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study area was the three Senatorial Districts of Akwa Ibom State. Ten houses from each of the Senatorial Districts were surveyed and the statistical properties of their septic tanks and numbers of occupants were collected. The septic tank properties were size (measured in metres) and the dislodged time (measured in years). Data show that an average septic tank size is 4 x 3 x 4 for length, width and depth respectively, with an estimated dislodged time of 10years for five adult occupants. By allowing for baffle wall, the volume of the septic tank was determined, the mass of biogas generated was computed to be 30.42kg. The bioenergy that could be generated from biogas of mass 30.43kg was estimated at 144.86kwh per dislodged by using empirical relationships. This energy generated in sewers by biomass when converted to other forms of energy can be enormous for local use. Within the alternative energy sources, the study recommends the use of biomass since most houses in Uyo have private septic tanks as sewers for soil waste. This makes it readily available in the environment. With appropriate policies in place and adequate encouragement in the use of biomass energy, the present gasoline power generators used in various homes could be replaced to ensure environmental sustainability in Akwa Ibom State.

DOI	10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13
Published in	American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019)
Page(s)	17-21
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Energy, Biomass, Bioenergy, Fossil, Sustainability, Environment

References

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APA Style

Udoh Felix Evans, Gideon Umoh, Nsikan Okon James, Owoidighe Hilary. (2019). Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 3(1), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13

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ACS Style

Udoh Felix Evans; Gideon Umoh; Nsikan Okon James; Owoidighe Hilary. Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2019, 3(1), 17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13

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AMA Style

Udoh Felix Evans, Gideon Umoh, Nsikan Okon James, Owoidighe Hilary. Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2019;3(1):17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13,
  author = {Udoh Felix Evans and Gideon Umoh and Nsikan Okon James and Owoidighe Hilary},
  title = {Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {17-21},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20190301.13},
  abstract = {In order to drive sustainable human development for the optimization of productivity and economic growth as well as clean environment, the study on alternative energy sources (AES) suitable for exploitation was carried out in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study area was the three Senatorial Districts of Akwa Ibom State. Ten houses from each of the Senatorial Districts were surveyed and the statistical properties of their septic tanks and numbers of occupants were collected. The septic tank properties were size (measured in metres) and the dislodged time (measured in years). Data show that an average septic tank size is 4 x 3 x 4 for length, width and depth respectively, with an estimated dislodged time of 10years for five adult occupants. By allowing for baffle wall, the volume of the septic tank was determined, the mass of biogas generated was computed to be 30.42kg. The bioenergy that could be generated from biogas of mass 30.43kg was estimated at 144.86kwh per dislodged by using empirical relationships. This energy generated in sewers by biomass when converted to other forms of energy can be enormous for local use. Within the alternative energy sources, the study recommends the use of biomass since most houses in Uyo have private septic tanks as sewers for soil waste. This makes it readily available in the environment. With appropriate policies in place and adequate encouragement in the use of biomass energy, the present gasoline power generators used in various homes could be replaced to ensure environmental sustainability in Akwa Ibom State.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
AU  - Udoh Felix Evans
AU  - Gideon Umoh
AU  - Nsikan Okon James
AU  - Owoidighe Hilary
Y1  - 2019/02/28
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13
AB  - In order to drive sustainable human development for the optimization of productivity and economic growth as well as clean environment, the study on alternative energy sources (AES) suitable for exploitation was carried out in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study area was the three Senatorial Districts of Akwa Ibom State. Ten houses from each of the Senatorial Districts were surveyed and the statistical properties of their septic tanks and numbers of occupants were collected. The septic tank properties were size (measured in metres) and the dislodged time (measured in years). Data show that an average septic tank size is 4 x 3 x 4 for length, width and depth respectively, with an estimated dislodged time of 10years for five adult occupants. By allowing for baffle wall, the volume of the septic tank was determined, the mass of biogas generated was computed to be 30.42kg. The bioenergy that could be generated from biogas of mass 30.43kg was estimated at 144.86kwh per dislodged by using empirical relationships. This energy generated in sewers by biomass when converted to other forms of energy can be enormous for local use. Within the alternative energy sources, the study recommends the use of biomass since most houses in Uyo have private septic tanks as sewers for soil waste. This makes it readily available in the environment. With appropriate policies in place and adequate encouragement in the use of biomass energy, the present gasoline power generators used in various homes could be replaced to ensure environmental sustainability in Akwa Ibom State.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Udoh Felix Evans

Department of Strategy, Research & Development, Directorate of Strategy, Research & Development, Maritime Academy of Nigeria, Oron, Nigeria
Gideon Umoh

Department of Electrical/Electronics, School of Marine Engineering, Maritime Academy of Nigeria, Oron, Nigeria
Nsikan Okon James

Department of Electrical/Electronics, School of Marine Engineering, Maritime Academy of Nigeria, Oron, Nigeria
Owoidighe Hilary

Department of Maritime Transport, Maritime Academy of Nigeria, Oron, Nigeria

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APA Style

Udoh Felix Evans, Gideon Umoh, Nsikan Okon James, Owoidighe Hilary. (2019). Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 3(1), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13

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ACS Style

Udoh Felix Evans; Gideon Umoh; Nsikan Okon James; Owoidighe Hilary. Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2019, 3(1), 17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13

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AMA Style

Udoh Felix Evans, Gideon Umoh, Nsikan Okon James, Owoidighe Hilary. Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2019;3(1):17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13,
  author = {Udoh Felix Evans and Gideon Umoh and Nsikan Okon James and Owoidighe Hilary},
  title = {Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {17-21},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20190301.13},
  abstract = {In order to drive sustainable human development for the optimization of productivity and economic growth as well as clean environment, the study on alternative energy sources (AES) suitable for exploitation was carried out in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study area was the three Senatorial Districts of Akwa Ibom State. Ten houses from each of the Senatorial Districts were surveyed and the statistical properties of their septic tanks and numbers of occupants were collected. The septic tank properties were size (measured in metres) and the dislodged time (measured in years). Data show that an average septic tank size is 4 x 3 x 4 for length, width and depth respectively, with an estimated dislodged time of 10years for five adult occupants. By allowing for baffle wall, the volume of the septic tank was determined, the mass of biogas generated was computed to be 30.42kg. The bioenergy that could be generated from biogas of mass 30.43kg was estimated at 144.86kwh per dislodged by using empirical relationships. This energy generated in sewers by biomass when converted to other forms of energy can be enormous for local use. Within the alternative energy sources, the study recommends the use of biomass since most houses in Uyo have private septic tanks as sewers for soil waste. This makes it readily available in the environment. With appropriate policies in place and adequate encouragement in the use of biomass energy, the present gasoline power generators used in various homes could be replaced to ensure environmental sustainability in Akwa Ibom State.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Sustainability Through Exploitation of Alternative Energy Sources (AES) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
AU  - Udoh Felix Evans
AU  - Gideon Umoh
AU  - Nsikan Okon James
AU  - Owoidighe Hilary
Y1  - 2019/02/28
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20190301.13
AB  - In order to drive sustainable human development for the optimization of productivity and economic growth as well as clean environment, the study on alternative energy sources (AES) suitable for exploitation was carried out in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study area was the three Senatorial Districts of Akwa Ibom State. Ten houses from each of the Senatorial Districts were surveyed and the statistical properties of their septic tanks and numbers of occupants were collected. The septic tank properties were size (measured in metres) and the dislodged time (measured in years). Data show that an average septic tank size is 4 x 3 x 4 for length, width and depth respectively, with an estimated dislodged time of 10years for five adult occupants. By allowing for baffle wall, the volume of the septic tank was determined, the mass of biogas generated was computed to be 30.42kg. The bioenergy that could be generated from biogas of mass 30.43kg was estimated at 144.86kwh per dislodged by using empirical relationships. This energy generated in sewers by biomass when converted to other forms of energy can be enormous for local use. Within the alternative energy sources, the study recommends the use of biomass since most houses in Uyo have private septic tanks as sewers for soil waste. This makes it readily available in the environment. With appropriate policies in place and adequate encouragement in the use of biomass energy, the present gasoline power generators used in various homes could be replaced to ensure environmental sustainability in Akwa Ibom State.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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