Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (<i>Phragmites australis</i>) to Produce Paper and Paperboard

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez; Rafael Sánchez; Eduardo Espinosa; Antonio Rosal; Alejandro Rodríguez

doi:doi:10.11648/j.be.20170103.11

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Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez, Rafael Sánchez, Eduardo Espinosa, Antonio Rosal, Alejandro Rodríguez

Published in Bioprocess Engineering (Volume 1, Issue 3)

Received: 19 April 2017 Accepted: 13 May 2017 Published: 3 July 2017

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Abstract

Due to the global increase in the demand for paper and cardboard, and depletion in some areas of wood resources (main raw material in the paper industry), it has been necessary to investigate new raw materials to substitute the conventional ones. In this work, Phragmites australis, commonly known as reed, has been studied. It has been characterized the chemical composition of the raw material by determining the ash content, α-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin and their extractables in ethanol, 1% soda and hot water. Subsequently three pulping processes have been conducted, using the “soda method" under three different operating conditions. The cellulosic pulps and the papersheets made from the pulps were analysed in order to determine the chemical and physical properties following the relevant TAPPI, UNE and ISO standards. Comparing the results obtained, it can be possible to conclude that the pulp obtained under the following operating conditions: 175°, 90 minutes and 14% of NaOH, presents the best results.

Published in	Bioprocess Engineering (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.be.20170103.11
Page(s)	65-68
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Phragmites australis, Cellulosic Pulp, Soda, Paper, Paperboard

References

[1]	P. T. Anastas and J. C. Warner, “Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice”. Oxford University Press: New York, p. 30, 1998.
[2]	N. Szijártó, Z. Kádár, E. Varga, A. B. Thomsen, M. Costa-Ferreira, K. Réczey, “Pretreatment of reed by wet oxidation and subsequent utilization of the pretreated fibers for etanol production”, Appl. Biotechnol., vol. 155 (1), pp. 83-93, 2009.
[3]	Hui Zhao et al., “Pyrolytic Characteristics and Kinetics of Phragmites australis”. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol. 2011, doi: 10.1155/2011/408973, 2011.
[4]	Gerritsen, P., Ortíz, C. and González, R. “Usos populares, tradición aprovechamiento del carrizo: estudio de caso de la costa sur de Jalisco, México”, Economía, sociedad y territorio, vol. IX, number 29, pp. 185-207, 2009.
[5]	M. D. Bertness, P. J. Ewanchuk, and B. R. Silliman, “Anthropogenic modification of New England salt marsh landscapes,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 99, pp. 1395-1398, 2002.
[6]	D. L. Raichel, K. W. Able, and J. M. Hartman, “The influence of Phragmites (common reed) on the distribution, abundance, and potential prey of a resident marsh fish in the Hackensack Meadowlands, New Jersey,” Estuaries, vol. 26, no. 2B, pp. 511-521, 2003.
[7]	R. M. Chambers, L. A. Meyerson, and K. Saltonstall, “Expansion of Phragmites australis into tidal wetland of North America,” Aquatic Botany, vol. 64, no. 3-4, pp. 261-273, 1999.
[8]	F. López, A. Alfaro and L. Jíménez, “Pasteado con disolventes orgánicos. Alcoholes. Pastas celulósicas de materias primas alternativas a las convencionales”, chapter 10, pp. 216-217. Spain. Gráficas Sol S. A., 2005.
[9]	J. de Jong, “The purification of wastewater with the aid of rush and reed pond”, in Biological Control of Water Pollution (Edited by Tourbier J. and Pierson R. W.), pp. 133-139. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, Pa., 1976.
[10]	L. Toth, “Reeds control euthrophication of Balaton Lake”, Wat. Res., vol. 6, pp. 1533-1539, 1972.
[11]	H. Brix, S. Ye, E. A. Laws, D. Sun, G. Li, X. Ding, et al., “Large-scale management of common reed, Phragmites australis, for paper production: a case study from the Liahe Delta, China”, Ecol. Eng., vol. 73, pp. 760-769, 2014.
[12]	J. F. Köbbing, F. Patuzzi, M. Baratieri, V. Beckmann, N. Thevs, S. Zerbe, “Economic evaluation of common reed potential for energy production: a case study in Wuliangsuhai Lake (Inner Mongalia, China)”, Biomass Bioenerg., vol. 70, pp. 315-329, 2014.
[13]	W. Shuai, N. Chen, B. Li, D. Zhou, J. Gao, “Life cycle assessment of common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav) Trin. ex Steud) cellulosic bioethanol in Jiangsu Province, China”, Biomass and Bioenerg., vol. 92, pp. 40-47, 2016.
[14]	TAPPI Standards. TAPPI Test Methods, 2002.
[15]	A. Rodríguez, A. Moral, L. Serrano, J. Labidi and L. Jíménez, “Rice Straw pulp obtained by using various methods” Bioresource Technology, vol. 99, issue 8, pp. 2881-2886, 2008.

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APA Style

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez, Rafael Sánchez, Eduardo Espinosa, Antonio Rosal, Alejandro Rodríguez. (2017). Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard. Bioprocess Engineering, 1(3), 65-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11

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ACS Style

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez; Rafael Sánchez; Eduardo Espinosa; Antonio Rosal; Alejandro Rodríguez. Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard. Bioprocess Eng. 2017, 1(3), 65-68. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20170103.11

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AMA Style

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez, Rafael Sánchez, Eduardo Espinosa, Antonio Rosal, Alejandro Rodríguez. Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard. Bioprocess Eng. 2017;1(3):65-68. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20170103.11

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@article{10.11648/j.be.20170103.11,
  author = {María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez and Rafael Sánchez and Eduardo Espinosa and Antonio Rosal and Alejandro Rodríguez},
  title = {Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard},
  journal = {Bioprocess Engineering},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {65-68},
  doi = {10.11648/j.be.20170103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.be.20170103.11},
  abstract = {Due to the global increase in the demand for paper and cardboard, and depletion in some areas of wood resources (main raw material in the paper industry), it has been necessary to investigate new raw materials to substitute the conventional ones. In this work, Phragmites australis, commonly known as reed, has been studied. It has been characterized the chemical composition of the raw material by determining the ash content, α-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin and their extractables in ethanol, 1% soda and hot water. Subsequently three pulping processes have been conducted, using the “soda method" under three different operating conditions. The cellulosic pulps and the papersheets made from the pulps were analysed in order to determine the chemical and physical properties following the relevant TAPPI, UNE and ISO standards. Comparing the results obtained, it can be possible to conclude that the pulp obtained under the following operating conditions: 175°, 90 minutes and 14% of NaOH, presents the best results.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard
AU  - María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez
AU  - Rafael Sánchez
AU  - Eduardo Espinosa
AU  - Antonio Rosal
AU  - Alejandro Rodríguez
Y1  - 2017/07/03
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.be.20170103.11
T2  - Bioprocess Engineering
JF  - Bioprocess Engineering
JO  - Bioprocess Engineering
SP  - 65
EP  - 68
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8701
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11
AB  - Due to the global increase in the demand for paper and cardboard, and depletion in some areas of wood resources (main raw material in the paper industry), it has been necessary to investigate new raw materials to substitute the conventional ones. In this work, Phragmites australis, commonly known as reed, has been studied. It has been characterized the chemical composition of the raw material by determining the ash content, α-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin and their extractables in ethanol, 1% soda and hot water. Subsequently three pulping processes have been conducted, using the “soda method" under three different operating conditions. The cellulosic pulps and the papersheets made from the pulps were analysed in order to determine the chemical and physical properties following the relevant TAPPI, UNE and ISO standards. Comparing the results obtained, it can be possible to conclude that the pulp obtained under the following operating conditions: 175°, 90 minutes and 14% of NaOH, presents the best results.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus of Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
Rafael Sánchez

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus of Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
Eduardo Espinosa

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus of Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
Antonio Rosal

Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
Alejandro Rodríguez

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus of Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain

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APA Style

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez, Rafael Sánchez, Eduardo Espinosa, Antonio Rosal, Alejandro Rodríguez. (2017). Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard. Bioprocess Engineering, 1(3), 65-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11

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ACS Style

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez; Rafael Sánchez; Eduardo Espinosa; Antonio Rosal; Alejandro Rodríguez. Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard. Bioprocess Eng. 2017, 1(3), 65-68. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20170103.11

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AMA Style

María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez, Rafael Sánchez, Eduardo Espinosa, Antonio Rosal, Alejandro Rodríguez. Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard. Bioprocess Eng. 2017;1(3):65-68. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20170103.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.be.20170103.11,
  author = {María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez and Rafael Sánchez and Eduardo Espinosa and Antonio Rosal and Alejandro Rodríguez},
  title = {Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard},
  journal = {Bioprocess Engineering},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {65-68},
  doi = {10.11648/j.be.20170103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.be.20170103.11},
  abstract = {Due to the global increase in the demand for paper and cardboard, and depletion in some areas of wood resources (main raw material in the paper industry), it has been necessary to investigate new raw materials to substitute the conventional ones. In this work, Phragmites australis, commonly known as reed, has been studied. It has been characterized the chemical composition of the raw material by determining the ash content, α-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin and their extractables in ethanol, 1% soda and hot water. Subsequently three pulping processes have been conducted, using the “soda method" under three different operating conditions. The cellulosic pulps and the papersheets made from the pulps were analysed in order to determine the chemical and physical properties following the relevant TAPPI, UNE and ISO standards. Comparing the results obtained, it can be possible to conclude that the pulp obtained under the following operating conditions: 175°, 90 minutes and 14% of NaOH, presents the best results.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Production of Cellulosic Pulp from Reed (Phragmites australis) to Produce Paper and Paperboard
AU  - María Dolores Gómez-Sánchez
AU  - Rafael Sánchez
AU  - Eduardo Espinosa
AU  - Antonio Rosal
AU  - Alejandro Rodríguez
Y1  - 2017/07/03
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.be.20170103.11
T2  - Bioprocess Engineering
JF  - Bioprocess Engineering
JO  - Bioprocess Engineering
SP  - 65
EP  - 68
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8701
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20170103.11
AB  - Due to the global increase in the demand for paper and cardboard, and depletion in some areas of wood resources (main raw material in the paper industry), it has been necessary to investigate new raw materials to substitute the conventional ones. In this work, Phragmites australis, commonly known as reed, has been studied. It has been characterized the chemical composition of the raw material by determining the ash content, α-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin and their extractables in ethanol, 1% soda and hot water. Subsequently three pulping processes have been conducted, using the “soda method" under three different operating conditions. The cellulosic pulps and the papersheets made from the pulps were analysed in order to determine the chemical and physical properties following the relevant TAPPI, UNE and ISO standards. Comparing the results obtained, it can be possible to conclude that the pulp obtained under the following operating conditions: 175°, 90 minutes and 14% of NaOH, presents the best results.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

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